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The readiness of chosen kindergartens in the emergency planning zone of the Temelín Nuclear Power Plant
HÁJKOVÁ, Lucie
The thesis is based on the assessment of the readiness of staff in selected kindergartens in the emergency planning zone of the Temelín Nuclear Power Plant. Kindergartens associate a large number of young children who are dependent on the help of adults. Even in the event of a radiation accident, children will not be able to take care of themselves and will clearly be dependent on the help of teachers. For this reason the readiness of staff of this type of school facility in the emergency planning zone should not be underestimated. The aim of the thesis was to analyze the knowledge of staff in selected kindergartens (Dříteň, Zliv, Albrechtice nad Vltavou, Neznašov) in the emergency planning zone of the Temelín Nuclear Power Plant. For this purpose was established a hypothesis: "The knowledge of the staff of selected kindergartens in the emergency planning zone of the Temelín Nuclear Power Plant will be higher than 60 %." To achieve the set goal and to verify the hypothesis a questionnaire survey was conducted using a developed questionnaire. The questionnaire contained 19 questions, and total 55 respondents took part in the questionnaire. Then were the results evaluated using methods of descriptive and mathematical statistics. The hypothesis was confirmed that the knowledge of the staff of selected kindergartens is higher than 60 %. The arithmetic average of staff knowledge in selected kindergartens in the emergency planning zone of the Temelín Nuclear Power Plant was 61.47 %. I consider the current state of knowledge of staff in selected kindergartens to be sufficient, but the results showed insufficient knowledge in the areas of improvised body protection and iodine prophylaxis.
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Analysis and evaluation of knowledge of individual components of the Integrated Rescue System in terms of radiation protection and emergency preparedness
BAREŠOVÁ, Adéla
Bachelor thesis is focused on analysis and evaluation of knowledge of individual components of the Integrated Rescue Systém in terms of radiation protection and emergency preparedness. The thesis mainly deals with the knowledge of the basic components of the integrated rescue system in the South Region within the topic. It is important because of a nuclear power plant Temelín. The theoretical part is primarily focused on radioactivity, ionizing radiation, radiation protection and emergency preparedness. It is important to know what are the basic principles of invisible radiation effects on the human body and how high are the risks of radiation exposure. Although it is also very important to say public knowledge of radiation plays big role in the topic as well as working staff´s attitude. I also mentioned cimportant Czech and world organizations dealing with ionizing radiation and radiation protection. For us is crucial The state office for nuclear safety, the main administrative body, supervisors and government in the area. Its position is based on Law n. 2/1969 o zřízení ministerstev a jiných ústředních orgánů státní správy České republiky and next important is regulation The state office for nuclear safety č. 195/2000 sb., o požadavcích na jaderná zařízení k ochraně zajištění jaderné bezpečnosti, radiační ochrany a havarijní připravenosti. The thesis also deals with the Integrated rescue system itself with all its parts Hasičský záchranný sbor České republiky (Law č. 320/2015 Sb., o Hasičském záchranném sboru České republiky), Zdravotnická záchranná služba (Law č. 374/2011 Sb., o zdravotnické záchranné službě) and Policie České republiky (Law č. 273/2008 Sb., o Policii České republiky). It is defined as the system of coordination and cooperation between the security forces actively involved in solving emergencies. In the researchal part of the thesis I am dealing with real knowledge of the integrated rescue system in the South Region. In the effort of doing so I have chosed the method of questionnaire research. I have created a questionnaire for each of the basic compounds of integrated rescue systém. It´s a set of common general questions and issues characterizing each individual activity. The questionnaire will then be evaluated and graphically processed. I have came to the conclusion and answered chosen questions. The next part of the thesis formed in a discussion I have chosen the questions with the highest level of wrong answers to actually evaluace why is it so. At the end of the thesis I have focused on recapitulation of the results and outlined recommendations to improve the current situation.
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Emergency preparedness of Nestlé Česko, s.r.o, Zora
PUPÍKOVÁ, Pavlína
The thesis deals with the issue of emergency preparedness of Nestlé Česko, s.r.o, Zora Olomouc. According to the Act. No. 224/2015 Coll., concerning prevention of major accidents caused by selected dangerous chemical substances or chemical preparations and concerning amendment there is underlimit amount of hazardous chemical ammonia in the area and we cannot classify this as group A or B. On these not-classified resources there are not subject to some duties under this Act, especially the obligation to prepare an emergency documentation. There are a lot of factories like this in the Czech republic (and in the world) and there is certain danger for employees of this companies and for civilian population who is in the danger area. There is more than 6700kg of ammonia in the factory Zora and it is quite a lot. We have to look at special precautions. Ammonia is taken as moderately toxic substance that irritates the eyes, mucous membranes, and in high concentrations can cause death. Another dangerous effect, except the toxicity is its explosiveness and flammability. Impacts of hazardous concentrations are not threat only for people but also for animals and the environment.
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Assessment of emergency preparedness at the railway station in České Budějovice
KLÍMA, Petr
Emergency preparedness includes the ability to recognize the occurrence of extraordinary events and, in particular, planning, organizing and management of emergency measures to deal with them. The objective of this thesis is to assess planned measures to avert the consequences of accidents depending on selected extraordinary events in the premises of the railway station in České Budějovice. Another objective is to assess the overall emergency preparedness of the railway station in České Budějovice in this respect. In order to meet the objectives as well as possible I defined the following hypothesis: Planned measures to avert the consequences of accidents in the premises of the railway station in České Budějovice are adequate and in accordance with applicable legislation. The thesis includes basic general information on extraordinary events, emergency planning and the integrated rescue system, and then it describes securing emergency preparedness within the organizational structure of the entities involved. The thesis also includes the issue of rail freight transport and the related transport of dangerous substances. To achieve the objectives of the thesis and to verify the hypothesis, I used interviews with relevant experts from railway companies ČD as, ČD Cargo and SŽDC, and the study of available literature and legislation. Then, I used a document analysis aimed at assessing the adequacy and suitability of planned measures depending on the selected extraordinary events ? both associated with the normal operation of the railway station and the transport of hazardous substances in tanks. The analysis showed that the planned measures to avert the consequences of accidents in the premises of the railway station in České Budějovice are currently to a great extent adequate and in compliance with applicable national and international legislation. In the discussion section, I presented the problems that occurred in dealing with this issue. At the end of the thesis, I tried to propose some measures that would be suitable for adding into the documentation of emergency preparedness of the railway station in České Budějovice. I believe that this thesis will be used as a document monitoring an aggregate of measures to ensure emergency preparedness of the railway station in České Budějovice and, in the light of the thesis results, it will be possible to recommend further improvements in securing the preparation of these measures.
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Analysis of the possibility to perform evacuation of inhabitants at the pre-leakage phase of radiation accident in nuclear power plant conditions
MAKRLÍK, Jaroslav
Nuclear facility accidents involving leaks of radioactive substances into the environment might have serious radiobiological impacts on inhabitants in some cases and would require immediate or subsequent protective measures from iodine prophylaxis and hiding to evacuation or permanent resettlement. The first part of the thesis describes the conditions of nuclear facility operation, technology of the Temelin nuclear power plant, including description of technology and function of emergency systems and the basic principles of security, and environment protection. It also describes the principles and aims of nuclear safety, radiation protection and accident preparedness. A more detailed description of accident preparedness at the Temelin power plant including links to the External Emergency Plan and announcement of safety measures for inhabitants follows. The aim of the thesis is to evaluate the decision making process on announcement of evacuation in the pre-leak phase of radiation accident from the point of view of the Temelin nuclear plant operator?s possibilities. The part Methodology includes a description of RTARC software for evaluation of radiological impacts of radioactive substance leakage into the environment of the Temelin nuclear plant in case of radiation accident. The set of source members (event scenarios) used for the calculation is also described there. The chapter Results presents and assesses the RTARC calculations. We may say upon analyses of the results that application of the decision making support programme is beneficial and is practically able to help with efficient protection of citizens in the final effect. For a part of the considered source members evacuation on pre-leak phase cannot be recommended with regard to the quick progress and leakage of radioactive substances into the environment.
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An extraordinary event of dangerous substances leakage and informing public about the danger
BURŠÍKOVÁ, Jana
At he beginning of my thesis some basic notions are explained and there is a brief survey and conditions of the creation of legislation regulating the discussed problems, i.e. emergency laws, laws regarding dangerous substances handling and Nuclear Act above all. In the second part I analyze the readiness of state and community bodies for non-military critical situations (emergency legislation, documents of emergency planning) and for the solution of extraordinary events, I emphasize the task and activities of the integrated emergency system. In the following text I focus in detail on the legislation related to the way of securing and handling dangerous substances and radioactive substances. These are the following acts above all: Act on the Prevention of Serious Accidents (duties of operators handling dangerous substances, participation of public and its informing, state administration), Act on Chemical Substances and Chemical Agents (classification, testing and registration, marking and packaging of chemical substances and agents, transport of dangerous substances), Act on Waste and problems of nuclear energy and ionizing radiation are regulated by the Nuclear Act (nuclear safety and readiness for accidents, measures in the zone of emergency planning). This legislation is completed and detailed by some orders and regulations. The practical part is focused mainly on realizing the level of public knowledge and public awareness, mostly in the surroundings of institutions handling dangerous substances, about the risks connected with the operation of these institutions and about the suitable behaviour of inhabitants in case of an emergency connected with dangerous substances leakage. In the introduction of the practical part I state the characteristics of the survey as a whole, I define the basic file of respondents (from the point of view of identification marks), I describe methods used. In the next part I briefly state the examined regions from the point of view of the occurance of emergencies of dangerous substances leakage. I used the form of a questionnaire for handling this. The questionnaire was focused on questions about real knowledge (toxic effects of some substances, marking dangerous substances, emergency numbers knowledge, axioms of the behaviour of public in case of en emergency of dangerous substances leakage, nuclear problems). In an enclosure to the questionnaire I ask about the interest of the respondents in these problems and their preferences as for a suitable way to be informed about the risks connected with the operation of these institutions. The results of the survey are detailed in the chapter with this title. At the end of my thesis I state some recommended forms how to improve the know-how of public in emergency of dangerous substances leakage. The end of my thesis and the discussion focus on results summary and comparison of the results of my thesis with the results of other authors.
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