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Interaction of Plant Protein Complex Exocyst with Proteins Involved in Plant Immunity
Ortmannová, Jitka ; Žárský, Viktor (advisor) ; Burketová, Lenka (referee) ; Ovečka, Miroslav (referee)
Plants have an artillery to defend themselves. The plant surface is protected by water- resistant cuticle and mechanically strong cell wall. Then each plant cell has tools to recognize and to answer to a pathogen threat. In an extreme case, the answer is programmed cell death. Plant immunity is a complex process integrating these passive and active mechanisms in an effort to overstay a pathogen attack. When the plant cell is attacked by a pathogen, the metabolic resources are redirected towards immunity reaction which results in growth restriction. Both the immunity reaction and the growth are dependent on the efficient polarized secretion of various cargoes. Exocyst complex mediates tethering of a secretory vesicle with a target membrane and SNARE complex orchestrates the subsequent steps of vesicle docking and fusion. Exocyst and SNAREs are regulated by various proteins. In my work, I focused on identifying the exocyst interaction partners in plant immunity. In cooperation with my colleagues, we found the direct association between Qa-SNARE SYP121 involved in plant penetration resistance and EXO70B2 exocyst subunit. Moreover, we confirmed the relevance of their interaction for the formation of epidermal defensive structures, papillae and haustorial encasements in plant defence against non-adapted...
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Interaction of Plant Protein Complex Exocyst with Proteins Involved in Plant Immunity
Ortmannová, Jitka ; Žárský, Viktor (advisor) ; Burketová, Lenka (referee) ; Ovečka, Miroslav (referee)
Plants have an artillery to defend themselves. The plant surface is protected by water- resistant cuticle and mechanically strong cell wall. Then each plant cell has tools to recognize and to answer to a pathogen threat. In an extreme case, the answer is programmed cell death. Plant immunity is a complex process integrating these passive and active mechanisms in an effort to overstay a pathogen attack. When the plant cell is attacked by a pathogen, the metabolic resources are redirected towards immunity reaction which results in growth restriction. Both the immunity reaction and the growth are dependent on the efficient polarized secretion of various cargoes. Exocyst complex mediates tethering of a secretory vesicle with a target membrane and SNARE complex orchestrates the subsequent steps of vesicle docking and fusion. Exocyst and SNAREs are regulated by various proteins. In my work, I focused on identifying the exocyst interaction partners in plant immunity. In cooperation with my colleagues, we found the direct association between Qa-SNARE SYP121 involved in plant penetration resistance and EXO70B2 exocyst subunit. Moreover, we confirmed the relevance of their interaction for the formation of epidermal defensive structures, papillae and haustorial encasements in plant defence against non-adapted...
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Výskyt jmelí bílého (Viscum album) ve Frýdku-Místku
Kovalčík, Lukáš
The literary research which includes description of European mistletoe (Viscum album) was written according to available literature. It engages in botanical characteristics, morphological signs and physiology of mistletoe. There are also described the ways of dissemination of mistletoe, sorting of woody plants by their resistance to this hemiparasite. The next part of the thesis summarizes the damage caused by mistletoe, possible protection, and types of treatment of affected trees. Three localities in the city of Frýdek-Místek where woody plants, which are heavily affected by European mistletoe, occur were chosen for practical evaluation. There are these woody plants species present: Canadian popler (Populus x canadensis), small-leaved lime (Tilia cordata) and rowen (Sorbus aucuparia). During the research, the oldest mistletoe specimen was detected to be 20 years old. Differences between achievable ages of a hemiparasite and a host plant can be the cause, why affection by mistletoe leads to death of a host plant. The lowest age when mistletoe starts to affect woody plants is species specific and is between 11 and 30 years. Knowledge of this lowest age is important for determination of the time to start monitoring these trees.
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