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The Main Determinants of European Trade Integration
Spivacenco, Carolina ; Vacek, Pavel (advisor) ; Dingová, Vilma (referee)
The importance of international trade cannot be neglected as it represents an important channel of wealth creation in the actual globalised world. Thus, the present writer aims to identify how the commercial flows have changed after the adoption of Euro and once the financial crisis has burst. Furthermore the main factors that influence trade are researched by using the gravitational econometric model and employing panel data for 14 EU member countries. The results show that the intensity of commercial exchanges are highly influenced by the level of development (GDP) of the country and the amount of FDI that are attracted, while the use of a common currency appears to be not too significant. At the same time, indicators are more sensible during the crisis period than the stable one, hence even small changes in independent variables can lead to higher decrease in trade. Key words: European trade, liberalization, competitiveness, financial crisis, contagion, Euro, gravitational model.
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GRAVITY MODELS AND THEIR USE IN THE STUDY OF THE SPACE ORGANIZATION IN AIR TRANSPORT
HAMROVÁ, Marika
The bachelor thesis deals with spatial interactions performed by air transport. These spatial interactions can be defined as core regions, often visited, regions and peripheral, less visited regions, depending on the season and distance from the aerodrome being monitored. The bachelor thesis deals with the comparison of real transport connections, realized by air transport, and calculations obtained using gravitational models. Gravity models can determine the strength of interactions between two different points, the variables given may vary. For example, the city's GDP, the number of checked-in passengers, the number of flights made from the airport, the population of the city ... In this case was used as a variable the number of checked-in passengers per year and the distance between two airports. The main centers were selected by the cities of Nice and Bratislava for their specific location and functionality. The first theoretical part deals with air transport and its relation to spatial mobility. The second part of the thesis follows the strongest interaction of air corridors from the cities of Nice and Bratislava, comparing the two mentioned methods. The second part also includes maps showing the analyzed data. The data that was used for this work was obtained on the website of the airline server http://www.flightstats.com/ and http://www.mapy.cz/.
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The Main Determinants of European Trade Integration
Spivacenco, Carolina ; Vacek, Pavel (advisor) ; Dingová, Vilma (referee)
The importance of international trade cannot be neglected as it represents an important channel of wealth creation in the actual globalised world. Thus, the present writer aims to identify how the commercial flows have changed after the adoption of Euro and once the financial crisis has burst. Furthermore the main factors that influence trade are researched by using the gravitational econometric model and employing panel data for 14 EU member countries. The results show that the intensity of commercial exchanges are highly influenced by the level of development (GDP) of the country and the amount of FDI that are attracted, while the use of a common currency appears to be not too significant. At the same time, indicators are more sensible during the crisis period than the stable one, hence even small changes in independent variables can lead to higher decrease in trade. Key words: European trade, liberalization, competitiveness, financial crisis, contagion, Euro, gravitational model.
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Gravity models and their use in the geographic research on the example of the settlement system of the Vysočina county
BLAŽEK, Jan
This thesis deals with gravitational models which are concerned with interactions between different objects. Thesis applies to these models to the settlement system of Vysočina county. This research discovers the positives and negatives of the models in terms of their application on the particular settlement system. The centres ORP of the Vysočina county are profited for this research. The first part of this thesis deals with interactions between these centres ORP, in light of the theoretical spatial relationships, the real direct bus connections and real commuting to work. In the second part the thesis focuses on the regionalization of the Vysočina county. The regionalization is defined on the theoretical calculations of the Reilly model, as a real gravitational model, a real commuting to work. The requisite data for the analyse were calculated on the basis of the formulas or were taken from the database of the Czech Statistical Office. The maps, which represent the analyzed data, make also part of this thesis.
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