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Current iodine supply to livestock
LÍKAŘOVÁ, Kristýna
The bachelor thesis deals with the evaluation of the current iodine supply of selected species and categories of farm animals based on it is content in milk. A total of 5 individual milk samples from cows from 5 farms and 5 pooled samples, 6 individual milk samples from goats from 2 farms and 1 milk sample from a mare were analyzed for iodine. The samples were collected in farms in the South Bohemian Region, Vysočina Region, Pardubice Region, Plzeň Region and Hradec Králové Region in 2023. Iodine in milk samples was determined using the Sandell-Kolthoff spectrophotometric method.
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Monitoring parazitóz u vybraného stáda koz v ekologickém chovu a jejich řešení
KYNČLOVÁ, Nikol
The aim of this bachelor thesis was to monitor of endoparasites and the efficiency of deworming preparation on the ecological farm of goats. Anthelmintic resistance is becoming increasingly common in livestock farming, and its solution lies in sufficient prevention and the potential use of herbs in the future to support animal resistance, which can effectively complement the use of chemical preparations. Sample collection and examination was collected from May 2022 to March 2024 on an ecological farm in Peníkov, where 50 goats aged 1 to 10 years were monitored. Monitoring was conducted only on females, crossbreeds of the Anglo-Nubian and White Short-haired goat breeds, with samples taken randomly from goats with deteriorated fur quality, light eye mucous membranes, and results showing more than 200 EPG from previous samples. The resulting values were recorded, compared, and evaluated. The coprological examination revealed the presence of strongylid nematodes in the majority of samples taken, trichostrongylids, Ostertagia, and two samples with coccidia. Using the McMaster method, EPG values were determined for each individual fecal sample taken. The highest rate of infection was detected in May 2023, reaching 83,33 %. The findings indicate the influence of weather on the development and activity of parasites and their seasonal occurrence. Evidence of this is the high positivity rate detected in spring, at 77 %, and in autumn, reaching 75 %. The hypothesis of the highest rate of infectivity in young animals was refuted in the study, as 100% negativity was found in yearling goats. The worst values were observed in 4-year-old females with 87% positivity. Furthermore, the insufficient effectiveness of the deworming preparation was identified, with a FECRT for Eprinomectin set at 63,35 % reduction. Based on these results, prevention was recommended, a herbal mixture was proposed to increase goat resilience, and the use of a different anthelmintic was recommended to the breeder.
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Occurrence of aflatoxin M1 in raw milk
UHLÍKOVÁ, Tereza
Mycotoxins, as secondary products of fungi, can contaminate feeds and enter the milk through the metabolic pathway in the cow's body. The most studied mycotoxin associated with milk contamination is aflatoxin M1 (AFM1). The review focuses on the identification of different types of mycotoxins and their transfer to milk, and attention is paid to a summary of the results of monitoring aflatoxins in milk and the negative effects of mycotoxins on health and the possibility of mycotoxins determination. The practical part of the thesis consists of two subchapters, namely monitoring AFM1 in raw milk of cows, sheep and goats in the years 2006-2020 from the data of the State Veterinary Administration of the Czech Republic, where the factor of the observed period and type of milk was evaluated for AFM1 content in raw milk. The second part interprets the results of AFM1 monitoring in purchased raw cow's milk delivered to the dairy factory.
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Vliv klimatických podmínek na chování koz
MOJŽÍŠKOVÁ, Nikola
The aim was to record the basic categories of behavior of milked goats on an organic farm with regard to the different climatic conditions throughout the year. The herd of approximately 100 goats for milk production was kept throughout the year with unlimited access to pasture freely within the enclosure. Followed the basic categories of behavior: feed intake, exercise, lying and standing. There were five investigations done by interval method (interval of 10 minutes) after 24 hours at different macro climatic conditions (rain, mild winter, frost, heat, optimum temperature). In all investigations were the most represented category relaxing form of lying. The goats rested longest at low temperatures approximately (-12C) for 42% of the day. In contrast the shortest duration of resting during high summer temperatures approximately (32C) was 35% of the day. The length of feed intake was relatively stable with the longest intake in winter by up to 10% to 25% of the day. Climatic conditions affect the regime of the day, especially in determining the time of intake. Goats grazed in summer when high temperatures mostly in the early morning, while the optimal temperatures were grazing evenly distributed throughout the day. Goats are very active, which is due to their lively temperament. Increased unrest in the herd was recorded in relentless rain.
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Market of selected organic commodities (organic meat)
LEŠTINOVÁ, Iva
This thesis deals with the organic livestock production in South Bohemian region. The aim of the thesis was to analyze the South Bohemian organic meat production, production of eggs and honey and distribution of the biocommodities. Through the processing of data from the database IAEI and questionnaire survey, conducted at the level of organic farmers farming in the South Bohemian region with a valid certificate for meat production, development and the current market situation of organic meat production were assessed in the South Bohemian region.
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Endoparasite infections in sheep and goats in diverse farming systems
UHLÍŘOVÁ, Barbora Isatou
Samples of excrements for parasitological investigation were obtained in two year period 2011 and 2012 on three sheep farms and two goat farms in South Bohemia (a farm conventional, an organic and converting to an organic farming system). A total of 400 samples were examined using four parasitological methods. Thirteen species of gastrointestinal nematodes and one species of Protozoa were recovered. In farms Coccidia Eimeria spp. was the most diagnosed. Results revealed that goats were 1,8 times more often infected with parasites than sheep (x2 = 6,274; d. f. = 1; p = 0, 00576; OR = 1,82). Animals younger 6 months were 3 times more often infected with Eimeria than older ones (x2 = 17,174; d. f. = 1; p = 0,00003; OR = 3,16). Goats were 11 times more often infected with parasites in winter than sheep (x2 = 5,8174; d. f. = 1; p = 0,0050; OR = 10,78). Goats were 2 times more often infected with lungworm infection than sheep (x2 = 8,407; d. f. = 1; p = 0,0019; OR = 1,99). A statistically significant difference in infectious contamination between conventional and an organic system bred animals was not discovered (x2 = 0,0145; d. f. = 1; p = 0,452; OR = 1,05).
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Breeder and economic evaluation of selected goat breed
CHVOSTOVÁ, Martina
The research was done during 2004 {--} 2006 on ecological farm specialised for Czech white shorthaired goat. Milk production per lactation period was in 2004 390 kgs, in 2005 381 kgs. It was deeply below average. In 2006 it grew up to 678 kgs that was only little below average of 707 kgs in Czech Rep. The average day milk yield was that year 2,5 kg per goat. This breed has very low fertility in longterm. Farm match the requirements of financial health. In 2006 was the income per one goat 24 818 CZK and variable costs 17 310 CZK per goat.
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Cryptosporidiosis of small ruminants
UHLÍŘOVÁ, Barbora Isatou
Cryptosporidium (Apicomplexa: Eucoccidiorida: Cryprosporiidae) is a ubiquitous entero-pathogen and has been reported in many geographical regions of the world. Cryptosporidiosis is a zoonotic protozoan disease of worldwide distribution, affecting a wide range of vertebrate hosts. The parasite is recognised as one of the most common causes of diarrhoea in humans and farm animals. There are 23 valid species of Cryptosporidium so far and over 60 genotypes with no species names have been described. Cryptosporidial infection of livestock may have an important economic impact on farmers because of high morbidity and mortality rates among animals. The present study is undertaken to describe problem of cryptosporidiosis of sheep and goats.
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