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Travelling Salesman Problem
Kolář, Adam ; Rozman, Jaroslav (referee) ; Zbořil, František (advisor)
The aim of this bachelor's thesis is to design a testing environment for the traveling salesman problem and compare the effectiveness of different approaches to the solution. The first part discussed the possibility of genetic algorithms, depending on the setting of a crossover, mutations and population size. In the second part, there is the same problem using two types of neural networks. The representative of the self-learning net was chosen Kohonen neural network. Hopfield neural network represents a method of minimizing the energy function with fixed coefficients. At both neural networks, there were described possible advantages and disadvantages. In the end, all the findings were interpreted in a global context.
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Possibilities of ex situ protection of rare and endangered plant species
Vítová, Jana ; Münzbergová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Dostálek, Tomáš (referee)
The aim of the bachelor's thesis is to present the possibilities, significance and possible problems of ex-situ protection for the future conservation of biodiversity of plants on Earth. In the introductory part of the thesis, the individual processes and programs of ex situ protection are described, with the help of literature search. At the same time, information on international cooperation in the field of seed banks and botanical gardens is presented, which, through their activities and mutual cooperation, create rescue programs to secure as many samples of plant material for possible future use. The work also mentions international plant databases, which provide the accurate and detailed information about the preserved material of rare and endangered plant species for the public. Further in the thesis, the currently known problems of ex situ protection with their impacts on the collected and stored material are mapped. Keywords Ex situ conservation, threatened plants, Ministry of the Environment, database, seed dormancy, inbreeding, outbreed depression, cultivation, seed bank, botanical gardens, tissue cultures, in vitro, genetic drift, mutation, hybridization, wildlife conservation, endangered species, threatened species
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Importance of genetic diversity of plant populations and its determinants
Sýkorová, Mariana ; Münzbergová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Dostálek, Tomáš (referee)
This thesis is mainly a review of scientific papers and professional literature dealing with genetic diversity. Nowadays, there is an extensive loss of genetic diversity that is caused by anthropogenic influences. The loss of genetic diversity is reflected in show a loss of adaptability of populations to changes in the environment, and hence the lower ability of populations to survive in their natural habitat, which can lead to the extinction of these populations and eventually to of extinction of the whole species. The aim of this bachelor thesis is to summarize the knowledge about the genetic diversity of plant species, most of them also in the context of changes in landscape management. I describe the basic indicators that determine the genetic diversity and, at the same time, factors that may affect genetic diversity, including factors influencing genetic diversity in relation to the historical state of the landscapes.
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Travelling Salesman Problem
Kolář, Adam ; Rozman, Jaroslav (referee) ; Zbořil, František (advisor)
The aim of this bachelor's thesis is to design a testing environment for the traveling salesman problem and compare the effectiveness of different approaches to the solution. The first part discussed the possibility of genetic algorithms, depending on the setting of a crossover, mutations and population size. In the second part, there is the same problem using two types of neural networks. The representative of the self-learning net was chosen Kohonen neural network. Hopfield neural network represents a method of minimizing the energy function with fixed coefficients. At both neural networks, there were described possible advantages and disadvantages. In the end, all the findings were interpreted in a global context.
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