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Contribution and cooperation of the Army of the Czech Republic during the Covid-19 pandemic in the work of general nurses
PAVLOVIČOVÁ, Adéla
The aim of this diploma thesis was to map the scope of cooperation between members of the AČR and general nurses during the Covid-19 pandemic. Another goal was to find out if the general nurses were satisfied with the mentioned cooperation, and also to map the experiences of the general nurses with the deployment of soldiers in hospital inpatient wards. The theoretical part deals with a detailed description of key terms that are still related to the research part. Above all, attention is paid here to the disease Covid-19, its clinical picture and the possibilities of prevention, diagnosis and treatment. Key terms such as general nurse or pandemic are also explained. We also focus on the specifics of the work of general nurses in hospitals during the pandemic. Another of the main chapters focuses on the Army of the Czech Republic and the ways in which it fought against the mentioned infectious disease. It describes not only the help provided by its members in social and hospital facilities, but also help to the components of the integrated rescue system and other ways of its involvement. In the empirical part, a research investigation was carried out in a qualitative form using the in-depth interview method. The research group consisted of a total of fifteen general nurses who work in two different hospitals on inpatient wards. All of them collaborated with members of the ACR during the pandemic, which represents the basic building block of this entire research. Before the actual research was carried out, a pre-research was also carried out, which mainly served to verify the comprehensibility of the individual questions in the interview. After the consent of the informants, the interviews were recorded and subsequently transcribed in Microsoft Word by the author of the thesis. The obtained information was carefully read and, as needed, categorized and reduced into created categories and subcategories, which are schematically shown in the results chapter. The obtained results show that the members of the ACR cooperated both with general nurses and with other members of the nursing team. Most often, it was auxiliary work, such as helping with morning hygiene, anti-decubitus care, assistance with meals, etc. The general nurses explained what the soldiers were most beneficial to them, but also described the tasks that were problematic activities for the soldiers. General nurses also described in detail the experiences they gained from this collaboration, and stated both positive and negative opinions and comments about this collaboration. The work also includes recommended changes in case another wave of the Covid-19 pandemic follows. In the discussion chapter, the obtained results of the empirical part are then compared with professional literature and global database articles.
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Cultural competences of nurses in intensive nursing care
BALOUNOVÁ, Lucie
The goal of this thesis with the name "Cultural Competence of Nurses in Intensive Nursing Care" is to analyze the cultural competence of intensive nursing care. Based on this topic, two questions have been created: "What is the cultural competence of nurses in intensive nursing care" and "Which cultural challenges do nurses face in intensive nursing care?" The theoretical part of this thesis focuses on the characteristics of multicultural nursing care, defining basic concepts that are associated with this topic. It also describes various nursing care models about multicultural nursing care, along with communication and the challenges associated with specific minorities. There is also a chapter that focuses on the characteristics of intensive care and the specifics of communication with patients. The empirical part of this thesis was written in a qualitative form, comprising of interviews that gathered data based on thirty-two questions and a few sub-questions. The introduction had three questions collecting personal information of the interviewees, then another twenty-nine questions followed with thirteen sub-questions that focused on the nursing care of patients of minority groups, the specifics of transcultural nursing care, educating nurses about this topic and how much experience did they have with this topic. If necessary, further questions were asked. The whole interview was done so that it would be able to provide answers to our study questions that were made ahead of time and to also provide a picture of how nurses handle intensive care in patients of minority groups. We asked a total of ten general nurses who at the time of this study worked in intensive care, either at a department of anesthesiology and resuscitation, intensive care department or intermediate care. The interviews were then processed with open code and coloring text. In order to make the results of the study easier to understand, they have been divided and presented into four categories and ten subcategories. The categories clearly describe the experiences and thoughts of nurses. The results provide a holistic view on transcultural nursing care in intensive care. Based on this study, transcultural nursing care is becoming even more significant in today's society and it is important to not just focus on the education of nurses regarding this topic, but also to teach foreign languages, because language barriers are one of the most common obstacles nurses must face. This work may serve as educational material not just for students of healthcare professions, but also for nurses working in intensive care. The results alone point to shortcomings and problems associated with providing a culturally competent care and may contribute to improving this specific topic.
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Possibilities of using nursing model Betty Neuman in prevention of overweight and obesity.
TŘÍSKOVÁ, Lucie
Lifestyle, decrease in physical activity, advance in new technologies, industrialization and globalization contribute to the increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity. Considering the number of factors participating in their formation might be beneficial for the nurses to use the Betty Neuman's conceptual model to evaluate the involved factors and the level of their influence. In accordance with this evaluation also set the interventions in the individual stages of prevention. The aim of this thesis was to describe the possibilities of utilization the Betty Neuman's conceptual model in prevention of overweight and obesity. In the investigative part the quantitative and qualitative research were used. The quantitative research was performed by means of a non-standardized questionnaire intended for the nurses from Vysočina region and Jihočeský region. The qualitative research was implemented via a semi-structured interview with the overweight or obese individuals and nurses from the same regions. Relating to the people with overweight and obesity, no significant differences in stressors were found after the quantitative data analysis. However, the results reveal a considerable dissatisfaction with the overall appearance and health condition. They also reveal the perception of the overweight and obesity impact at work. The respondents show an interest in weight reduction, some of them try repeatedly. Equally, the qualitative data analysis implies that the overweight and obese patients percept themselves with less satisfaction. The most frequent problems are higher weight, troubles with breathing and pain in legs while walking. With regard to general nurses, it was found out that they approach the overweight and obese patients the same way as the rest of the patients. They would recommend regular and healthy diet and exercise. The gathered results reveal the necessity of communication with the individuals who suffer from overweight and obesity. For the lifestyle transformation, sufficient education supported by motivation is crucial.
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Risks of infection for nurses at the department of internal medicine
JIRÁČKOVÁ, Anna
This bachelor's thesis addresses infectious diseases, especially their risk of transmission, to which nurses are exposed in the exercise of their profession. The thesis is divided into two parts, the first theoretical part describes the issue of professional infections and health care associated infections, including hygienic-epidemiological measures. The second empirical part, it contains both qualitative and quantitative research. Qualitative data collection was carried out through interviews and covert observations with several members of the sister staff. For the qualitative investigation, research questions were established. What are the risks of transmitting infectious diseases in nurses working in an internal department? How do nurses prevent the development of infectious diseases in the department of the internal type? How do nurses follow preventive measures for the risk of transmission of infectious diseases to an internal type department? On the contrary, quantitative research was carried out using a questionnaire survey involving 206 respondents from the general public. Hypotheses were established together with the objective for quantitative research. The perception of the risk of transmission of infectious diseases in nurses working in an internal department varies according to the age of the lay public. The perception of the risk of transmission of infectious diseases in nurses working in an internal department varies according to the experience of the general public with nursing care. The results showed that nurses are at considerable risk of transmitting infectious diseases, with most adhering to preventive measures. The results of the quantitative examination show that older respondents perceive the risk of transmission of infection as higher than respondents at a younger age. On the contrary, the experience of respondents with nursing care has no effect on the perception of the risk of transmission of infectious diseases. The results of the work can highlight what activities and procedures in nursing care need to be put more emphasis on. The opinion of the lay public allows a more comprehensive view of the issue, nurses can also gain a higher motivation for the performance of their profession thanks to feedback from society.
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Nursing student's motivation toward a university education
BLECHOVÁ, Aneta
This bachelor's thesis deals with nursing student's motivation toward a university education. The thesis is divided into theoretical and practical parts. The theoretical part has four parts. The first part explains nursing, the nurse profession and its prestige, and nursing companies. The second part is dedicated to the history of nursing in the Czech Republic and abroad. The third part describes the current education of nurses, legislation, pre-gradual and post-gradual studies, lifelong education, and nurses' competence. The last part is focused on the definition of motivation, Maslow's hierarchy of needs, motivation to work and study, and work satisfaction of health workers. In the practical part, qualitative research was used. The method of a semi-structured interview was used. The interview included 28 questions. In total, 10 females studying general nursing from different faculties were interviewed. The requirements for the interview were a high school diploma, enrollment in the university, and agreement to give the interview which was taken online. Afterward, the interviews were rewritten, printed, and processed manually. The conclusions were divided into 4 categories and 20 subcategories. The research aimed to map reasons for a decision to major in general nursing, learn about expectations about the education, and gather opinions on the current educational system. The research showed that 5 out of 10 students are motivated by an increase in competence and knowledge. In addition, recognition from others, increase in independence, university degree, higher financial evaluation, or external motivation were considered as highly motivating. Further, the students were mostly expecting to gain knowledge and learn new skills. Similarly, 9 out of 10 students think that university education is important. This thesis summarises the motivation, experience, opinions, and level of satisfaction of female students. This thesis tries to bring a closer look at the profession of general nurse and also, to inform potential candidates interested in the general nursing major. This thesis can also provide universities with feedback on the level of satisfaction of students with their academic studies.
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Strategy how to deal with a fear before surgery
ROSOVÁ, Monika
The diploma thesis deals with the strategies that the nurse uses in her practice to alleviate preoperative fear in patients. Waiting for surgery or being taken to the operating room can be stressful events for the patient. The overall mental state of the patient has a significant effect on the postoperative outcome, especially on the length of hospitalization or infection. The aim of the research was to find out patients' expectations from nurses and their attitude to nursing interventions to manage fear, factors influencing patients' fear, communication techniques of nurses and information that nurses provide to patients in the preoperative period. The research was carried out using a qualitative method, the technique of semi-structured interviews. The obtained data was analyzed by the technique of open coding with subsequent division into categories and subcategories. The research sample consisted of two groups of respondents. The first research sample was general nurses working in the surgical department. The second research sample consisted of patients who were hospitalized in the surgical department due to surgery. 21 open-ended questions were used to interview general nurses, focusing on information provided by the general nurse in the preoperative period, measures related to the COVID 19 pandemic and their impact on preoperative preparation, but also on nurse interventions used to alleviate patients' fears. 24 open-ended questions were used to interview patients, focusing on the impact of the hospital environment, factors affecting the patient's fear, awareness in the preoperative period, or COVID 19 measures and their effects on the patient. The results of the research survey showed that medical staff, the family and the hospital environment have a major impact on reducing fear. For the interviewed patients, the approach of general nurses, the influence of co-patients, the family and awareness have an irreplaceable role in reducing preoperative fear. The interviewed nurses consider the most important intervention to be an individual and empathic approach, proper education with an explanation of all risks. They use educational cards or notice boards for education. Measuring fear instruments are not used in practice. The patient's expressed confidence in the medical staff has a fundamental effect on reducing preoperative fear. The output of the work is the creation of a new scale for measuring preoperative fear. This scale should very easily and quickly find out how much fear the patient is experiencing.
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Therapeutic hypothermia from the nursing point of view
SOUKUPOVÁ, Dominika
The objective of the thesis is to find out what are the specifics of care for patients treated using therapeutic hypothermia. On the basis of this objective, two research questions connected with the objective were created. The first research question is: "What is the experience of nurses in care for patients treated using therapeutic hypothermia?" The second research question is: "What are the specifics of care for patients treated by therapeutic hypothermia?" The thesis is divided into two parts. In the first part are defined theoretical basics connected with therapeutic hypothermia, cardiopulmonary resuscitation and nursing care. It is followed by empirical part processed using qualitative research conducted by semi-structured interviews with nurses. The questions were answered by a total of five general nurses working at various hospitals in the South Bohemian Region. The nurses work at emergency department and department of anesthesiology and resuscitation. The interviews were processed by open coding method "Paper and Pencil". The results of the research were divided into categories and for the sake of clarity also to subcategories. These categories show experience and knowledge of the given problematic and the nursing care itself. The results show the method of care for patient treated by therapeutic hypothermia. It is apparent from the research that all nurses have experience with therapeutic hypothermia and are well oriented in the problematic. The experience of nurses is influenced by various factors, for example by the length of practice of the nurse, type of department where they work at or size of hospital. Further, the nurses stated that nursing care for patients treated by therapeutic hypothermia is almost the same as nursing care for any other patient in emergency care. That for example means that care for gastric emptying of the patient or for venous access etcetera is the same as at other patients and the care is provided in the standard way. The care for such patient is always complex.
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Matual expectations of Nurse and students majoring in General nurse on practical training in selected wards
KLAUSOVÁ, Klára
This thesis assesses the mutual expectations of nurses and students majoring in Generel nurse in practical training in selected hospital departments. The main goal of the thesis is to analyze what are the mutual expectations of nurses and nursing students in practical teaching in selected hospital departments. The thesis is divided into a theoretical part and an empirical part. The theoretical part covers history of education of nurses, current study conditions in nursing, competencies of General Nurses, practical training, mentoring and the specifics of nursing care in selected hospital departments. In the empirical part, a quantitative research survey was used. The survey was performed using two types of questionnaires. First type was distributed to nurses in the surgical, internal medicine and psychiatric wards. The second type was distributed to second and third-year students of nursing school. Six hypotheses were formulated: H1: The nurse expectations are influenced by the level of nurse's education. H2: The nursing student expectations are influenced by the level of nurse's education. H3: The nursing student expectations are influenced by the specifics of the selected department. H4: The nurse expectations are influenced by nurse's tenure in the selected department. H5: The nursing student expectations are influenced by the level of student's education. H6: The nurse expectations are influenced by the level of student's education. The results show that the nurse expectations is influenced by the level of nurse's education (H1) and also by the student's previous education (H6). The nursing student expectations are influenced by the specifics of the selected department (H3). It was also found that the nursing student expectations are not affected by the education of nurses (H2) or the student's previous education (H5). The results of the work can be used by nursing students before starting practical training as well as by nurses as feedback.
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Experience of nurses with aggressive behaviour of clients in care homes
BALOUNOVÁ, Lucie
This thesis aims to investigate experiences with aggressive behaviour among nurses in care homes. Bearing this aim in mind, we have formulated three research questions: "What kind of aggressive behaviour do the nurses experience from their clients?", "What strategies do the nurses use to prevent the aggressive behaviour of their clients?", and "What strategies do the nurses use to deal with the aggressive behaviour of the clients?" The empirical part of the thesis is based on a qualitative research, for which we used semi-structured interviews. As a basis for these interviews, we have used 30 questions in total. From these questions, the first three were used to determine the identification data of the respondents. If needed, the respondents were also asked other, supplementary questions. The questions are contained in the thesis as Appendix 1. The questions were designed to investigate the experiences of nurses with aggression from their clients. The main focus of the questions was to investigate the treatment of aggressive clients, prevention and causes of aggression, consequences of aggression for the psychic wellbeing of the nurses, and the awareness of the nurses about the given topic. The research group consisted of 7 nurses, which were employed by different care homes. The interviews were analysed by the open coding method, namely by text colouring. For better clarity, the results of the analysis are divided into individual categories and subcategories. These categories describe the individual experiences and attitudes of the nurses. The results provide a complex view of taking care of aggressive clients in care homes. Our research shows that each of the nurses has encountered aggression from their clients, which has been mostly verbal. The nurses also claim that they deal with the aggression mostly individually, based on their previous experiences with the client and they also employ several prevention techniques.
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Man working in the general nurse profession
DAŇKOVÁ, Klára
The topic of this bachelor thesis is "Man working in the general nurse profession". The main goal of this theses is to map the work of men in this profession. We were interested in the general public and educated public point of view of this profession and how their field of work is perceived by male nurses as well. Quantitative, as well as qualitative research, were applied. Both types of research were chosen to offer a compact and holistic point of view of this topic. Questions asked in qualitative research are: What are the reasons for men to work as a general nurse? How does the general public perceive male general nurses? Which obstacles and difficulties face male general nurses? Data have been collected by semi-structured interviews, which have been done with eight male nurses. In the quantitative part, these hypotheses are set: 1. Attitude towards male nurses differs depending on gender. 2. Attitude towards male nurses differs depending on age. Data have been collected by a questionnaire. The research sample consists of 218 persons that are not working in health care. In general, we found out that the opinion of men in the profession of general nurse is not dependent on age, but it is dependent on gender. Given the fact that the general nurse profession is to this day considered to be rather a feminine profession, this thesis is beneficial especially for the general public because it informs and tears down possible misconceptions and sheds a light on the issue. It also offers an opportunity for men to inform themselves of a possibility for males to work as a general nurse and consider it their future profession.
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