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Shielding and detection of neutrons
Černý, Tomáš ; Šťastný, Ondřej (referee) ; Katovský, Karel (advisor)
The master’s thesis provides an overview of available neutron sources in terms of neutron yields and energy spectrum of emitted neutrons. Reactions of neutrons with matter, especially neutron scattering and radiation capture, are described. The possibilities neutron neutron detection and spectrometry are also described. The following experiment deals with a design of suitable shielding materials and the analysis of the moderated energy spectrum of neutron flux. The properties of the neutron field were measured using detection by activation. Subsequently, a simulation of the problem was performer in the MCNP program. In the end, the achieved results are compared and evaluated.
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Study of cosmic gamma rays
Štefánik, Stanislav ; Nedbal, Dalibor (advisor) ; Nosek, Dalibor (referee)
Title: Study of cosmic gamma rays Author: Stanislav Štefánik Department: Institute of Particle and Nuclear Physics Supervisor: Mgr. Dalibor Nedbal, Ph.D. Supervisor's e-mail address: nedbal@ipnp.troja.mff.cuni.cz Abstract: This thesis is focused on elementary knowledge of cosmic γ ray physics. In the introduction there is provided history overview of astroparticle physics, cosmic ray features and interactions are discussed. The remainder of the thesis deals with detection of cosmic γ rays with emphasis put on Čerenkov method of air shower detection. In this context the H.E.S.S. experiment in Namibia is presented and the technique of data acquisition and processing is described as well. Result of this thesis is to understand modern analysis methods used for study of cosmic rays as well as application of this method on simulated and real data acquired by H.E.S.S. Keywords: cosmic rays, gamma rays, astroparticle physics, H.E.S.S.
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Studium urychlování vysokoenergetických částic v extragalaktických objektech
Štefánik, Stanislav ; Nosek, Dalibor (advisor) ; Vorobel, Vít (referee)
Title: Study of Cosmic-Ray Acceleration in Extragalactic Objects Author: Stanislav tefnik Department: Institute of Particle and Nuclear Physics Supervisor: RNDr. Dalibor Nosek, Dr. Abstract: This thesis deals with production processes of cosmic γ-rays in astro- physical objects and methods of their detection. Possible interactions leading to the emission of high energy γ-rays in the active galaxy Centaurus A are discussed in this context. Cherenkov Telescope Array is presented as a new experiment fo- cused on the detection of air showers initiated by cosmic γ-rays. Cherenkov light of air showers is studied in the simulations done by CORSIKA simulation tool. Method of data analysis within the framework of Cherenkov telescopes is descri- bed and performed on the dataset of the active galaxy PKS 2155-304. The results include statistical tests of γ-ray source presence and its time variability. Keywords: Cosmic rays, gamma rays, astroparticle physics, high energy astro- physics, acceleration, CTA experiment
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Gamma radiation of geological objects and their localization by radiometric measurement
Šálek, Ondřej ; Matolín, Milan (advisor) ; Mojzeš, Andrej (referee) ; Gnojek, Ivan (referee)
This thesis deals with gamma-ray field of size-limited uranium objects and with possibilities of their localization by a field radiometric measurement. The gamma-ray field attenuates progressively with distance from the ground source of radiation. The applied method of radiometric survey plays an important role in localization of a radioactive object. The gamma- ray field of uranium anomalous objects was studied for variable signatures of ground anomalous objects and different methods of gamma-ray survey by using mathematical modelling. The method of modelling was derived from fundamental theoretical laws describing the gamma-ray field of a point source. The verification of applied mathematical modelling was carried out by the comparison of calculated model of the gamma-ray field at three real uranium anomalous objects with experimental data of ground and mini-airborne measurement. Mini-airborne measurement was realized by the prototype of a gamma spectrometer Georadis D230A. This instrument is characterized by relatively high sensitivity compared to previously used similar devices. Airborne platform was a hexacopter Kingfischer. One of the aims of this thesis was to assess the applicability and technical capacity of D230A instrument. Calculated values of the gamma-ray field at different detection...
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Gamma radiation of geological objects and their localization by radiometric measurement
Šálek, Ondřej
This thesis deals with gamma-ray field of size-limited uranium objects and with possibilities of their localization by a field radiometric measurement. The gamma-ray field attenuates progressively with distance from the ground source of radiation. The applied method of radiometric survey plays an important role in localization of a radioactive object. The gamma- ray field of uranium anomalous objects was studied for variable signatures of ground anomalous objects and different methods of gamma-ray survey by using mathematical modelling. The method of modelling was derived from fundamental theoretical laws describing the gamma-ray field of a point source. The verification of applied mathematical modelling was carried out by the comparison of calculated model of the gamma-ray field at three real uranium anomalous objects with experimental data of ground and mini-airborne measurement. Mini-airborne measurement was realized by the prototype of a gamma spectrometer Georadis D230A. This instrument is characterized by relatively high sensitivity compared to previously used similar devices. Airborne platform was a hexacopter Kingfischer. One of the aims of this thesis was to assess the applicability and technical capacity of D230A instrument. Calculated values of the gamma-ray field at different detection...
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Shielding and detection of neutrons
Černý, Tomáš ; Šťastný, Ondřej (referee) ; Katovský, Karel (advisor)
The master’s thesis provides an overview of available neutron sources in terms of neutron yields and energy spectrum of emitted neutrons. Reactions of neutrons with matter, especially neutron scattering and radiation capture, are described. The possibilities neutron neutron detection and spectrometry are also described. The following experiment deals with a design of suitable shielding materials and the analysis of the moderated energy spectrum of neutron flux. The properties of the neutron field were measured using detection by activation. Subsequently, a simulation of the problem was performer in the MCNP program. In the end, the achieved results are compared and evaluated.
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Gamma radiation of geological objects and their localization by radiometric measurement
Šálek, Ondřej
This thesis deals with gamma-ray field of size-limited uranium objects and with possibilities of their localization by a field radiometric measurement. The gamma-ray field attenuates progressively with distance from the ground source of radiation. The applied method of radiometric survey plays an important role in localization of a radioactive object. The gamma- ray field of uranium anomalous objects was studied for variable signatures of ground anomalous objects and different methods of gamma-ray survey by using mathematical modelling. The method of modelling was derived from fundamental theoretical laws describing the gamma-ray field of a point source. The verification of applied mathematical modelling was carried out by the comparison of calculated model of the gamma-ray field at three real uranium anomalous objects with experimental data of ground and mini-airborne measurement. Mini-airborne measurement was realized by the prototype of a gamma spectrometer Georadis D230A. This instrument is characterized by relatively high sensitivity compared to previously used similar devices. Airborne platform was a hexacopter Kingfischer. One of the aims of this thesis was to assess the applicability and technical capacity of D230A instrument. Calculated values of the gamma-ray field at different detection...
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Gamma radiation of geological objects and their localization by radiometric measurement
Šálek, Ondřej ; Matolín, Milan (advisor) ; Mojzeš, Andrej (referee) ; Gnojek, Ivan (referee)
This thesis deals with gamma-ray field of size-limited uranium objects and with possibilities of their localization by a field radiometric measurement. The gamma-ray field attenuates progressively with distance from the ground source of radiation. The applied method of radiometric survey plays an important role in localization of a radioactive object. The gamma- ray field of uranium anomalous objects was studied for variable signatures of ground anomalous objects and different methods of gamma-ray survey by using mathematical modelling. The method of modelling was derived from fundamental theoretical laws describing the gamma-ray field of a point source. The verification of applied mathematical modelling was carried out by the comparison of calculated model of the gamma-ray field at three real uranium anomalous objects with experimental data of ground and mini-airborne measurement. Mini-airborne measurement was realized by the prototype of a gamma spectrometer Georadis D230A. This instrument is characterized by relatively high sensitivity compared to previously used similar devices. Airborne platform was a hexacopter Kingfischer. One of the aims of this thesis was to assess the applicability and technical capacity of D230A instrument. Calculated values of the gamma-ray field at different detection...
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Studium urychlování vysokoenergetických částic v extragalaktických objektech
Štefánik, Stanislav ; Nosek, Dalibor (advisor) ; Vorobel, Vít (referee)
Title: Study of Cosmic-Ray Acceleration in Extragalactic Objects Author: Stanislav tefnik Department: Institute of Particle and Nuclear Physics Supervisor: RNDr. Dalibor Nosek, Dr. Abstract: This thesis deals with production processes of cosmic γ-rays in astro- physical objects and methods of their detection. Possible interactions leading to the emission of high energy γ-rays in the active galaxy Centaurus A are discussed in this context. Cherenkov Telescope Array is presented as a new experiment fo- cused on the detection of air showers initiated by cosmic γ-rays. Cherenkov light of air showers is studied in the simulations done by CORSIKA simulation tool. Method of data analysis within the framework of Cherenkov telescopes is descri- bed and performed on the dataset of the active galaxy PKS 2155-304. The results include statistical tests of γ-ray source presence and its time variability. Keywords: Cosmic rays, gamma rays, astroparticle physics, high energy astro- physics, acceleration, CTA experiment
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Study of cosmic gamma rays
Štefánik, Stanislav ; Nedbal, Dalibor (advisor) ; Nosek, Dalibor (referee)
Title: Study of cosmic gamma rays Author: Stanislav Štefánik Department: Institute of Particle and Nuclear Physics Supervisor: Mgr. Dalibor Nedbal, Ph.D. Supervisor's e-mail address: nedbal@ipnp.troja.mff.cuni.cz Abstract: This thesis is focused on elementary knowledge of cosmic γ ray physics. In the introduction there is provided history overview of astroparticle physics, cosmic ray features and interactions are discussed. The remainder of the thesis deals with detection of cosmic γ rays with emphasis put on Čerenkov method of air shower detection. In this context the H.E.S.S. experiment in Namibia is presented and the technique of data acquisition and processing is described as well. Result of this thesis is to understand modern analysis methods used for study of cosmic rays as well as application of this method on simulated and real data acquired by H.E.S.S. Keywords: cosmic rays, gamma rays, astroparticle physics, H.E.S.S.
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