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The influence of physiological changes on the posture during pregnancy and possible rational solutions for kinesiotherapy
Blažková, Zuzana ; Němečková, Michaela (advisor) ; Hamarová, Zuzana (referee)
Author: Zuzana Blažková Institution: Rehab clinic LF UK in Hradec Králové Topic of bachelor's thesis: The influence of physiological changes on the posture during pregnancy and potentional rational solutions for kinesiotherapy Supervisor: Mgr. Michaela Němečková Number of pages: 101 Year of vindication 2012 Key words: pregnancy, physiological changes, posture, deep stabilisation spinal system, kinesiotherapy This bachelor's thesis is focused on physiological changes that could occur during pregnancy, on their impingement upon posture and possibilities of their changes. In the theoretical part there are described generaly all physiological changes that arise in a pregnant woman's body, for example endocrinal, cardiovascular or neural changes etc. This paper further devotes onself to the particular trimesters of pregnancy, delivery and changes in the musculoskeletal system, physiotherapy, mode precautions and contraindications of exercising during the pregnancy. In the practical part there are elaborated three pregnant women's casuistry, these women were observed from the 18th to 38th week of the pregnancy and detailed sequent changes and inconveniences during the pregnancy were registered. In the conclusion of the practical part there are suggested exercises and some practice suitable for the...
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Physiological changes during honeybee (Apis mellifera) ontogenesis and between castes
Martišková, Ester ; Erban, Tomáš (advisor) ; Čapková Frydrychová, Radmila (referee)
This work is focused on describing the individual differences in physiology of honeybee Apis mellifera during its development. It also compares the differences between the individual caste. A lot of complex rebuilding of the whole organism takes place during the development of Apis Mellifera. Because of that, especially in the early stages, it is important to ensure a great supply of energy. Larvae need to acquire an abundant source of nutrients, so they can grow fast and have a sufficient storage for the pupal stage, during which the new body reorganization takes place. Newly emerged bees then need to quickly get accustomed to the new environment a assume their role in the hive. Queens need a constant supply of energy, so they can lay eggs for as long as possible. Drones focuse mainly on mating with the queen. The life of Apis mellifera is also influenced by other factors, primarly by numerous diseases and pathogens. The results of this work can give a comprehensive idea about the complex development of an individual bee and give a of further research. There are still a lot a lot of unanswered and unexplored realities in biology of bees, that could a topic of study and help us better understand their importance for nature.
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The influence of physiological changes on the posture during pregnancy and possible rational solutions for kinesiotherapy
Blažková, Zuzana ; Němečková, Michaela (advisor) ; Hamarová, Zuzana (referee)
Author: Zuzana Blažková Institution: Rehab clinic LF UK in Hradec Králové Topic of bachelor's thesis: The influence of physiological changes on the posture during pregnancy and potentional rational solutions for kinesiotherapy Supervisor: Mgr. Michaela Němečková Number of pages: 101 Year of vindication 2012 Key words: pregnancy, physiological changes, posture, deep stabilisation spinal system, kinesiotherapy This bachelor's thesis is focused on physiological changes that could occur during pregnancy, on their impingement upon posture and possibilities of their changes. In the theoretical part there are described generaly all physiological changes that arise in a pregnant woman's body, for example endocrinal, cardiovascular or neural changes etc. This paper further devotes onself to the particular trimesters of pregnancy, delivery and changes in the musculoskeletal system, physiotherapy, mode precautions and contraindications of exercising during the pregnancy. In the practical part there are elaborated three pregnant women's casuistry, these women were observed from the 18th to 38th week of the pregnancy and detailed sequent changes and inconveniences during the pregnancy were registered. In the conclusion of the practical part there are suggested exercises and some practice suitable for the...
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The effect of pyrethroid based pesticides on fish
RICHTEROVÁ, Zuzana
Pyrethroids are ones of the most used pesticides worldwides. The widespread use and high stability of pyrethroids lead to the assumption of that their occurrence in the environment could be quite frequent. They can reach water ecosystem as pollutants. Residues of pyrethroids are not only detected in the water column, but also in sediments and in fish tissues. The first study was devoted to the product Nexide containing 60 g.l-1 of active substance gamma-cyhalothrin. Tested Nexide concentrations were 5, 25, 50, 100, and 250 µg.l-1. Early life stage test was used.Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) was tested. There were significant mortalities in all concentrations except the lowest concentration during the trial. The lowest concentration tested 5 µg.l-1 only caused a slightly increased mortality. This lowest concentration influenced the growth in length and weight negatively, decelerated ontogenetic development, and made the body surface of the individuals darker. Histopathology of individuals from this concentration revealed dystrophy in liver. Examination of kidney, intestine and gills did not show significant histopathological differences compared with control. The evaluation of selected parameters of oxidative stress demonstrated a significantly higher activity of detoxification enzyme glutathione-S.transferase (GST) and a significantly lower activity of defensive enzyme glutathione peroxidase (GPx) compared with the control group. The other examined parameters of oxidative stress such as catalase (CAT), glutation reductase (GR), and lipid peroxidation determined by using the thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARs) were comparable to the control group. Changes in oxidative stress parameters suggest that exposure of the organism to the product Nexide in the given concentration leads to dysbalance of defensive enzymes. The second study was devoted to the product Cyperkill 25 EC containing 250 g.l-1. Tested Cyperkill 25 EC concentrations were 7.2, 36, 72, 144, and 360 µg.l-1. The procedure of the trial was the same as the preceded one. There were 100% mortalities in all concentrations except the lowest concentration during the trial. The lowest tested concentration 7.2 µg.l-1 allowed 90% of individuals to stay alive till the end of experiment. The lowest concentration influenced the growth in length and weight negatively and decelerated ontogenetic development compared with the control. Any individual exposed to this concentration did not reach juvenile stage until the end of the trial. Dark pigmentation was visible in 68% of these exposed individuals on the last day. Similar darkening was visible in individuals from higher concentrations shortly before death too. Histological examination did not revealed significant changes in intestine, liver, kidney, and gills compared with the control group. Evaluation of selected parameters of oxidative stress demonstrated significantly lower activities of GST, GR, and GPx. Activities of CAT and TBARS were comparable with the control group. Changes in oxidative stress parameters suggest that exposure of the organism to the product Cyperkill 25 EC in the given concentration could induce oxidative stress and interfere with the activities of antioxidant enzymes. The presented thesis summarises actual data about pyrethroids and their influence on fish. The demonstrated effects confirm high susceptibility of early developmental stages of fish to tested pesticides. When interpreting the results, we have to take into account the fact that studies showed this risk even on single pyrethroid substances. But water organisms are exposed to many other more or less toxic products and substances in a real environment. These xenobiotics could react with each other and their mixture could even potentiate negative effects. The performed studies also clearly show the significant differences in the sensitivity of embryonic and embryolarval tests.
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