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Women's Political Participation in Contemporary China
Wei, Yilan ; Plechanovová, Běla (advisor) ; Kotvalová, Anna (referee)
The rise of feminism began in the 18th century, and it attached great importance to the struggle for women's political rights and the improvement of women's political status. Whether women can have the right to speak in the political field is a prerequisite for women to strive for other rights in social life. China's equality between men and women was written into the Constitution in 1954, put forward as a national policy in 1995, supported by the Law on the Protection of Women's Rights and Interests in 2005, and then reflected in Report to the 20th CPC National Congress. This developmental trajectory signifies the ongoing progress of women's political participation in present-day China. However, owing to deeply ingrained traditional ideologies and historical institutional factors, women's status and political engagement remain suboptimal and continue to encounter obstacles. The study begins by explaining the research topic from a theoretical perspective and further analyzes it in the context of China based on previous studies. This thesis attempts to describe the present situation of Chinese women's political participation, focusing on the low proportion, the slow growth rate, and their political marginalization in China, exploring the problems and reasons behind it through superficial phenomena,...
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Contemporary American right-wing extremism using the example of the Proud Boys with a focus on the ideology of violence
Šaník, Jan ; Charvát, Jan (advisor) ; Dopieralla, Jakub (referee)
This thesis examines contemporary American extremism, using the example of the far-right, all-male organization Proud Boys, whose members refer to themselves as "Western chauvinists." Thesis analyzes the group in terms of its history, organization, and hierarchy. Paying special attention to the group's ideology, the thesis aims to place the group in the larger context of American society and to name the factors that influenced the group's direction in terms of its ideological grounding in violence. In this thesis, I will defend the thesis that violence plays a privileged role that co-creates the ideology of the group as a whole. The thesis is designed to provide an answer to the question "what role does violence play in the Proud Boys?" Through an in-depth qualitative content analysis, this thesis discusses the relationship between violence and the ideology of the Proud Boys and explains how violence contributes a unifying role. In general, this study contributes to an understanding of both the motivations and behaviors of the Proud Boys group and contributes to the larger discourse on extremism in contemporary America.
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Gender stereotypes women face in business in the Czech Republic
Rollová, Elisabeth ; Teichman, Klaudia (advisor) ; Grygar, Jakub (referee)
This thesis deals with gender stereotypes that women face in business in the Czech Republic. Although it may seem that men and women are equal in society, women still face gender biases that place them in the roles of mothers. Entrepreneurship is then perceived as a male domain. These gender roles and other stereotypes make it difficult for women to integrate into the labor market. Because of this binary perception of roles in society, women often do not even consider entrepreneurship as a career choice for fear of not having a chance to succeed. The main objectives of this thesis are to find out what stereotypes women encounter in entrepreneurship and how they cope with them. The thesis analyses qualitative data obtained through semi-structured interviews with six Czech female entrepreneurs.
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Male gaze in advertising of shaving products targeted to women
Pollaková, Kateřina ; Rosenfeldová, Jana (advisor) ; Houdek, Petr (referee)
The bachelor's thesis Male gaze in advertising of shaving products targeted to women deals with the topic of male gaze in advertisements for women's razors. The aim of this work was to find out whether and if the male gaze manifests itself in advertisements, or if the depiction of women in advertisements changes over time. The qualitative content analysis showed that the male gaze is manifested in advertisements for women's razors, and even that its influence on the portrayal of women has changed over time.
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Media Representation of Sexual and Gender-Based Violence in the Czech Republic from the Perspective af Survivors and Non-participants
Machatová, Karolína ; Vochocová, Lenka (advisor) ; Reifová, Irena (referee)
This thesis explores how the Czech mainstream news media portrays sexual and gender-based violence from the perspective of people with different experiences and attitudes towards it. This includes survivors, relatives of survivors, those who are sensitive to the topic, and those who are skeptical or have a negative view towards the portrayal of sexual violence as a topic. The theoretical framework for this thesis is gender theory and cultural studies, specifically interpretive communities, which examine how the media influences our perceptions of gender and society. The research is qualitative and uses grounded theory practices, which involves open and axial coding to analyze how people with different experiences and attitudes towards sexual and gender-based violence perceive the way Czech media portrays the topic. This includes evaluating the portrayal, the emotions it evokes, and suggesting possible changes. Using the vignette technique, specific examples of media content on the topic of sexual violence are analyzed, and specific changes and adjustments are suggested. Through coding and the vignette technique, four main problematic phenomena related to czech media portrayals of sexual violence were identified. These include inappropriate portrayals of victims and perpetrators, inadequate use of...
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Representation of women in municipal councils: How does the allocation of municipal budgets differ based on the representation of women?
Štrobachová, Tereza ; Císař, Ondřej (advisor) ; Jeřábek, Hynek (referee)
This paper examines the impact of women's representation in municipal councils in the Czech Republic on municipal budget allocation. The primary objective was to determine whether the level of representation of women in municipal councils across the Czech Republic affects the allocation of municipal budgets across different areas. In particular, the thesis focuses on the relationship between the gender composition of municipal councils and the allocation of budget resources, with the main aim of investigating how the presence of women in municipal councils affects the distribution of funds, with a deeper focus on whether higher representation of women in municipal councils generates changes in the structure of budget allocation, including across different categories of expenditure in favour of traditional women's issues. Using multiple linear regression models and studying the 2018 and 2021 budgets of municipalities in the Czech Republic, it was found that most of the predicted associations between women's representation and budget allocation were not confirmed, and the results were not statistically significant. However, a statistically significant association was found between higher representation of women in councils and an increase in spending on traditionally women's issues. When interpreting...
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Catcalling through Women's Eyes: A Case Study
Kolářová, Karolína ; Pavlík, Petr (advisor) ; Dvořáčková, Jana (referee)
The aim of my master thesis Catcalling through women's eyes: a case study is to present the issue of catcalling from the perspective of women as frequent victims of this type of harassment. The thesis is divided into two parts, theoretical and empirical. In the theoretical part I will discuss what catcalling is, what it can look like and where we can encounter it. I will also look at the power aspects of this type of harassment and what effects it can have on women's mental health. In the empirical part I will then discuss my research. This is qualitative research where I have chosen semi-structured interviews as my method and my communication partners are women who have some experience with catcalling. Therefore, I use the interviews to find out how the women in question define catcalling, what their personal or mediated experience of it is, and what strategies or responses they choose when they have to cope with this type of behaviour. I am also interested in what the effects of catcalling on mental health may be and whether the women in question feel affected by their experience of catcalling in other areas of their lives. Key words: catcalling, sexual harrasment street harassment, women, gender, feminism
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