|
| |
|
|
Potravní zdroje plůdku reofilních ryb v rybnících s instalovanými světelnými a barevnými atraktanty hmyzu
KAJGROVÁ, Lenka
The aim of this work was to evaluate the food base (zooplankton, zoobenthos and aerial insects) and production results in culture of two-year-old golden ide (Leuciscus idus aber. orfus) and chub (Squalius cephalus). The specifics of the study were to use the attractants (yellow plates) and submersed lights as a supplement to the nutrition of farmed fish. Experimental rearing took place in the earth ponds in the area of Experimental Fish Culture Facility in Vodňany (Czechia) and in the storage ponds in Schlossfischerei Schönau bei Litschau (Austria). Zooplankton composition and physico-chemical parameters were monitored during regular two-week sampling periods. Monitoring of zoobenthos and terrestrial insects captured by attractants was performed at monthly intervals. Macrozoobenthos was sampled by Ekman Grab. After processing the samples in the laboratory, the benthic invertebrates were divided into three groups - Chironomidae, Oligochaeta and Varia. Zooplankton was collected by planktonic mesh in the 3 m long hauling and divided into the fraction of small zooplankton (Daphnidae < 499 micrometre, Copepoda < 999 and > 1000 micrometre and Others - small Cladocera), and into the fraction of coarse zooplankton (Daphnidae 500 - 999, Daphnidae 1000 - 1499 and > 1500 micrometre). Terrestrial insects were captured by installed attractants for a specified time period of day (colour attractants) or night (light attractants). The results show that the environmental conditions of the monitored ponds did not differ significantly. Abundance of coarse zooplankton in both experimental cultures was influenced by fish. The density of zoobenthos did not differ significantly. However, the values in the ponds with the lights were higher than in the control. According to the analysis of growth and production data, the installation of insect attractants as a supplementary measure to fish nutrition in aquaculture seems to be beneficial for production results. The average weight of golden ide increased during the growing season from the initial 4,3 g to 26,9 +- 4,9; 32,3 +- 6,5 and 41,2 +- 9,2 g in control ponds, ponds using lights and yellow plates, respectively. The differences between both control and experimental treatments as well as between lights and yellow plates were highly significant (p < 0,001). In the culture of chub using light attractants, the average fish weight increased from the initial 12,7 g to 41,9 +- 2,2 g, respectively to 26,7 +- 5,5 g in control. In both treatments, the production was analogously higher.
|
|
|
Vyhodnocení růstových schopností českých červinek v podmínkách chovu bez tržní produkce mléka
KOVÁŘOVÁ, Tereza
This work focuses on the evaluation of the growth capacity of czech red cattles in breeding conditions, without market production of cattle. A whole herd of czech red cattles was regularly weighed. The Czech Association of Cattle Breeders provided data from KUMP, which was added to the data. In statistical processing the data were compared with the growth capabilities of meat breeds (hereford, meat simmental, charolais and limousin) kept under similar conditions. A sample of blood was collected from selected individuals and processed by biochemical methods. Statistical analysis showed that in the weight at the age of 120 days there is a statistically significant difference between czech red cattle and meat simmental and charolais. Comparing the weights in 210 days and comparing the gains, there was no statistically significant difference between any breeds. Czech red cattle thus showed very good growth abilities. It was also found that calves from the ZF JU averaged better in terms of increments than the average of the whole population as early as 2010. Herd health status was evaluated as good in terms of hoof and limb excellent. The blood test showed a tendency to stress caused by animal manipulation and stabling in wintering grounds, as in a closed stable without enclosure. The Czech red cattle has been shown to have easy births without help, which is 99% and good level of reproduction. In conclusion, the czech red cattle is very suitable for extensive breeding with a year-round stay outdoors and is capable of achieving comparable increments such as extensive breeds of meat breeds and is ideal for the production of cattle for fattening.
|
|
|
Vliv plemenné příslušnosti a technologie chovu na růstovou schopnost jatečného skotu
Berková, Veronika
My Bachelor s thesis deals with the impact of breed and breeding technology on growth of the cattle for slaughter. It aims at defining every cattle breed that has been frequently used for slaughter in the Czech Republic. It also aims at describing the most common technologies of animal housing in the period of animal fattening. It points out that the essential principles and rules must be applied and followed so that the healthy offspring might be reared. At the same time, this Bachelor s thesis shows various methods of animal rearing, dairy cattle and meat cattle breeding too. In the initial part of the Bachelor s thesis, there are statistical data on the cattle livestock, amounts of slaughtered animals and data concerning the beef meat production. A year-on-year comparison of data has been made, and these data have been compared internationally as well. There is a chapter that deals with the nutrition and diet of the cattle for slaughter and veals in the Bachelor s thesis. Nutrition, diet and growth of the cattle for slaughter are closely related. In the final part of the Bachelor s thesis, an experiment is outlined. It is to be carried out for the purpose of the Master thesis later. It is to evaluate the growth of animals bred with various breeding technologies (animals will be weighed and the growth of animals will be measured).
|
|
| |
|
| |
guest ::
