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Využití biologických prostředků na ochranu brambor vůči mandelince bramborové
KURÁŽ, Jakub
The aim of the work was to verify possibilities of biological control against Colorado potato beetle by using cultivated indigenous entomopathogenic fungi and entomopathogenic nematodes from potato fields in Czech Republic before chemical treatment or ecological agriculture and verify their efficacy against Colorado potato beetle. All results are included in attached charts or tables.
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Influence of metabolites of entomopathogenic bacteria genus \kur{Xenorhabdus} on the survival and reproduction of facultative entomoparasitic and phytophagous nematodes
JAKUBÍKOVÁ, Hedvika
Bacteria of the genus Xenorhabdus live as the natural symbionts of the entomopathogenic nematodes of the family Steinernematidae. They produce a wide range of toxic secondary metabolites of different chemical structure and effect. The synthesis of particular products is specific for each strain of Xenorhabdus. The thesis is focused on evaluating the impact of bacterial metabolites on facultatively entomoparasitic nematodes Oscheius myriophila, the free-living nematode Caenorhabditis elegans and the phytophagous potato cyst nematode Globodera rostochiensis. Target species of nematodes were exposed to 37 strains of Xenorhabdus bacteria, isolated from various species of Steinernematidae. Testing the impact of bacterial metabolites on O. myriophila and C. elegans nematodes was performed both by direct cultivation of target species on solid medium with live bacterial cultures as well as in sterilized liquid bacteria cultures. The effect of toxic substances on G. rostochiensis was evaluated only in selected sterilized bacteria cultures.
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Multilokusová charakteristika symbiontů entomopatogenních hlístovek rodu \kur{Steinernema}
FAKTOROVÁ, Lucie
During the evolution some groups of organisms have become coevolutionary associated with other groups, as is the case of host symbiont systems. To explore coevolutionary history of hosts and their associated symbionts, phylogenetic reconstruction of symbionts and phylogenetic reconstruction of hosts are usually compared. Coevolution is described by coevolutionary events (cospeciation, host switch, duplication, failure to diverge events and linage sorting events). The aim of this work was to test the suitability of MLST method for the complex of entomopathogenic nematodes from the genus Steinernema (with detailed analysis of Steinernema feltiae) and their symbiotic bacteria Xenorhabdus bovienii and subsequently use cophylogenetic comparative analysis to determine their level of cospeciation.
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Biologické metody ochrany kukuřice před bázlivcem kukuřičným Diabrotica virgifera
Doležalová, Jana
This work focuses on verifying the efficacy of the protection product Dianem (includes bioagens Heterorhabditis bacteriophora) in maize targeted against corn rootworm larvae which cause characteristic damage to stalks. The tests were initiated in April 2014 in south Moravia in three locations - Otrokovice, Čejč and Hostěradice -- in pursuance of experiments. Dianem was applied during sowing, the same way as chemical protection product Force in the chemical protection variant. The number of beetles hatched from larvae caugh in the textile cage K (untreated control), D (biologic control) and CH (chemical control) were evaluated in the tests. The evaluation took place from mid July to September in Čejč and Hostěradice where there was no statistically significant difference in the number of hatched beetles from soil in individual variants. At the end of July, goosenecks were evaluated in Otrokovice and Čejč. There was no statistically significant difference in Otrokovice between the treated and control variant. On the other hand, there was a statistically highly significant impact of Dianem in Čejč. Another part of the tests was monitoring the corn rootworm using pheromone traps Csalomon PAL.
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Nucleotide variability in \kur{enol-1} gene of entomopathogenic nematodes \kur{Heterorhabditis bacteriophora} and \kur{Steinernema feltiae}
HEJNÍČKOVÁ, Martina
The topic of this bachelor thesis is enol-1, parasitism-related gene in entomopathogenic nematodes. First part of this thesis deals with pattern of the enol-1 nucleotide variability. Nucleotide sequence of enol-1 was obtained from 9 strains of Heterorhabditis bacteriophora and 8 strains of Steinernema feltiae. I characterised and compared its structure and nucleotide variability. Phylogenetic analysis of enol-1 was done with closely related nematode coding sequences, acquired from internet databases. The second part of this thesis is devoted to virulence testing. Larvae of Galleria mellonella were infected with different strains of entomopathogenic nematodes, and their mortality was summarized.
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Synergism of entomopathogenic nematodes and entomopathogenic fungi
ŠILLEROVÁ, Tereza
The potential synergism between chosen species of entomopathogenic nematodes (Steinernema arenarium, Steinernema feltiae) and entomopathogenic fungi (Beauveria bassiana, Isaria fumosorosea, Lecanicillium lecanii) is investigated in this study. It is theoretically possible to expect increasing of their efficiency at the collective introduction into environment. Creating of uniform laboratory method which will be possible to use at the research of this interaction system is a part of this study.
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