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Evaluation of the effectiveness of chosen strains of entomopathogenic fungi in individual application and in application of more strain mixture
KRÁLOVEC, Jan
This diploma theses focuses on comparison of natural and intentionally inducated supressiveness of environment induced by application of entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae, Isaria fumosorosea a Lecanicillium muscarium. In tests were evaluated the in vitro parameters as well as the effectiveness in vivo biotests on insect host larva Tenebrio molitor. The species of entomopatoghenic fungi were applied in suspensions, single strains and also in combination of two strains. In the in vitro conditions the possibilities of objective evaluation of the supresivity level were tested by using the CFU test (Colony Forming Units) on three different nutrient media (PDA, PDA + A , PDA + D), as one of the basic evaluation parameters. Further the germination tests were evaluated according to GI (Germination Index), determination of radial growth (comparison of median cultures) and interaction of strain suspensions on nutrient media PDA. In the in vivo biotests were watched the epizooties from suspensions of these entomopathogenic fungi on insect larva Tenebrio molitor in competitive test of strains according to FDI (Fungl development index) evaluation scala. Chosen larva covered by fully sporulating mycelium from epizootie were further evaluated in CFU test. The result were dominant strain/s on the larva from applied suspensions.
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Entomopathogenic fungus \kur{Beauveria bassiana }- biological characteristics
PAVLÍČEK, Pavel
This literature compilation focuses on current knowledge in the biological characteristics of the entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana, with emphasis on the influence of abiotic factors on the development and its effectiveness in selected species of harmful insects. Knowledge of abiotic factors is important for a successful outcome to protect plants against harmful agents this entomopathogen. There are also set out the specifics, benefits and examples of using the aforementioned entomopathogen in biological plant protection. In conclusion, the possibilities are assessed using the entomopathogenic fungi B. bassiana in plant protection in the Czech Republic and other aspects concerning the practical use and distribution.
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Entomopathogenic fungus \kur{Beauveria bassiana} - use in biological plant protection
HROMAS, Jakub
Entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana is one of many species of entomopathogenic fungi used as a biological protection against plant pest. Compared to other species this one is spread worldwide, long known and one of the most studied species. This work describes besides a detailed description of the Beauveria bassiana also other six important fungal species used for biological protection (Hirsutella, Isaria, Metarhizium, Nomuraea, Paecilomyces, Verticillium) and provides a detailed description of four available commercial biopreparations, namely BotaniGard 22WP, BotaniGard EC, Mycotrol O, Naturalis L which can be practically used for pest suppression. The work also provides information about two products developed in the former Czechoslovakia, Boverol and Boverosil. The conclusion brings practical examples of the use of these products while protecting against the European spruce bark beetle, the Colorado beetles and the Cherry fruit fly.
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Evaluation of effectiveness of entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana using a standard laboratory bioassay
PAULIČ, Radim
In laboratory bioassays, the efficacy of the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana against the yellow mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) was tested under various temperature conditions. Six different strains of fungus B. bassiana was investigated. The evaluation was based on vitality bioassays including germination and growth index assessment and the bioassay of virulence based on target organism T. molitor was also assessed growth and yield of conidia different strains of fungus B. bassiana on natural substrates and artificial nutrient substrates.
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Possibilities of AFLP technique in study of \kur{Beauveria bassiana} genetic structure
BERANOVÁ, Kristina
Beauveria bassiana is widely used in biological control against the economically significant pests. Detection of morphological and genetic polymorphism among single species and strains in natural environment is important to study of the distribution and the effects in the ecosystem. The aim of this study was to determine the links of "local strains" with ecological aspects of biological control in protected zone of National park and assess the polymorphism of the population monitored in NP Šumava and exotic strains using molecular markers. There were analyzed 39 strains collected in the NP Šumava and the Krkonoše National Park in the Czech Republic and 11 strains from different countries and areas. The polymorphism of these strains was evaluated by different methods based on DNA analysis. In this study, the genetic variability is evaluated by AFLP markers. The results reveal that population from NP Šumava is very closed and the "local strains" can be very well characterized thanks these methods and compared with other strains from different parts of the Czech Republic and other countries. Thanks to these screening analyses, the strain Bba I101was determined for the preparation which will be used for bark beetle (Ips typographus) control in the National Park Šumava in the Czech Republic. This study was supported by grants GACR 521/08/H042, MSM 60076658-06, MZP SP/2d1/41/08.
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Analysis of low-copy sequences and its utilization for evaluation of genetic polymorphism in selected \kur{Beauveria bassiana} strains/isolates
JOZOVÁ, Eva
Beauveria bassiana is used in biological control against the economically significant pests. Detection of morphological and genetic polymorphism between different species and strains isolated in the natural environment is important to study the distribution and effects in the ecosystem. The aim of this study was to determine in which links are "local tribes" with ecological aspects of biological control in protected zone and assess the polymorphism of the sections by using molecular markers. Were analyzed 36 strains collected in the National Park Šumava in the Czech Republic. Polymorphism of these strains was determined according to a sequence of LSU (28S Large Subunit Ribosomal DNA). It is observed that the populations from National Park is closed, "the local tribes" because these methods can be very well characterized and compared with other strains from different parts of the Czech Republic and other countries. Populations from National Park showed no differences in polymorphism. Through this analysis, the sample Bba I101 was aligned. This preparation is re-used for bark beetle occurring in the National Park Šumava in the Czech Republic. This study was supported by grants GACR 521/08/H042, MSM 60076658-06, MGA SP/2d1/41/08.
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Utilization of PCR-RFLP approach for evaluation of ITS polymorphism in selected \kur{Beauveria bassiana} strains/isolates
KOCKOVÁ, Lucie
The aim of this study was the evaluation of the suitability PCR-RFLP technique and ITS region analysis for determination the genetic variability of the entomopathogenic fungi - Beauveria bassiana, Beauveria brongniartii and Isaria fumosorosea. By the means of ITS-RFLP technique, it was possible to identify the uniformity of the B. bassiana isolates from NP Šumava, the higher level of polymorphism of B.bassiana isolates from different geographical areas was detected and it was possible to distinguish different entomopathogenic fungi used in this study.
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Compatibility of different entomopathogenic fungi with parasitoid Encarsia formosa
ŠTĚPÁNOVÁ, Kristýna
This M.Sc. thesis is aimed to describe level of the compatibility between various strains of several entomopathogenic fungi with parasitoid wasp Encarsia formosa. From many species of entomopathogenic fungi Aschersonia aleyrodis, Beauveria bassiana, B, brongniartii, Lecanicillium lecanii, Metarhizium anisopliae and Paecilomyces fumosoroseus were the species which were tested in experiments. It was found, that A. aleyrodis is very selective, because it infects only unparasitized nymphs of greenhouse whitefly Trialeurodes vaporariorum. All other strains of tested fungi were much less selective, however their efficacy always increased total efficacy when compared with the efficacy of parasitoid alone. It was concluded, that fungi A. aleyrodis, L. lecanii and P. fumosoroseus posse{\crq}s big potential for construction of IPM programs.
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Synergism of entomopathogenic nematodes and entomopathogenic fungi
ŠILLEROVÁ, Tereza
The potential synergism between chosen species of entomopathogenic nematodes (Steinernema arenarium, Steinernema feltiae) and entomopathogenic fungi (Beauveria bassiana, Isaria fumosorosea, Lecanicillium lecanii) is investigated in this study. It is theoretically possible to expect increasing of their efficiency at the collective introduction into environment. Creating of uniform laboratory method which will be possible to use at the research of this interaction system is a part of this study.
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