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Sledování růstu a výnosu fytomasy energetických trav
TIBITANZL, Daniel
The diploma thesis aims to monitor the growth and yields of phytomass in selected energy grasses (Elymus elongatus subs. Ponticus, cv. Szarvasi-1, Dactylis glomerata, Festuca arundinacea Schreb., Phleum pratense L.). The grass cover is also monitored using the Sunscan device at regular intervals. The first part of the diploma thesis consists of a literature review focused on energy grasses and their cultivation. Also, it deals with the issue of the effect of fertilization on energy grass yields. Professional literature together with foreign articles were used to write a literary review. The second part of the diploma thesis deals with a practical experiment, which consisted of phytomass sampling and measurement of the leaf area index for individual species and varieties of grasses. The highest average phytomass yield (7.71 t?ha-1) was achieved by Elymus elongatus subsp. ponticus, cv. Szarvasi-1. The lowest average phytomass yield was recorded in Phleum pratense L. 6.05 t?ha-1. It was found that the highest values of leaf area index (LAI = 4) was measured in the Dactylis glomerata stand.
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Kvalita primární půdní organické hmoty v půdách porostů energetických trav
ČERNÝ, Martin
One of the main factors determining soil quality is soil organic matter. Its quality and content affect the soil properties and the surrounding environment. It is a source of many elements and nutrients important for soil organisms and plants. Therefore, from the point of view of agriculture, quality arable lands must have high soil organic mat-ter content. Methods for determining soil organic matter are still being developed and refined. This thesis uses one of the newer methods to evaluate the quality of primary soil organic matter by determining the rate constant for oxidation in soils of energy grasses Festuca arundinacea and Phleum pratense L. grown on experimental plots of the Faculty of agriculture and technology of University of South Bohemia. Samples from these soils were evaluated for primary soil organic matter and other properties, for example, quality of labile organic fractions, humus content, degree of humifica-tion etc. The results were evaluated after performing partial analyses. It was found that the quality and quantity of soil organic matter change during the season and have variances according to the monitored grass species. During the summer, the primary soil organic matter reached a higher quality. The share of primary soil organic matter in the soil during the individual months also differed, especially in March 2021 and March 2022. The newly formed matter accumulated due to minimal mineralization during the colder climate. The content of stable organic fractions is supported by agrotechnical operations such as fertilization. The highest average results of the con-tent of stable organic fractions were found in the surface layers at depth of 0-10 cm in the fertilized variant of vegetation. The average content of stable organic fractions in this depth was 1,23% for Phleum pratense L. And the average content of stable organic fractions at depth of 0-10 cm was 1,18% for Festuca arundinacea Schreb.
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Dynamika tvorby výnosů vybraných energetických rostlin
TIBITANZL, Daniel
The aim of the study was to determine the total content of organic carbon in the soils planted by selected energy plants (Dactylis glomerata, Elymus elongatus subsp. Ponticus, Festuca arundinacea, Phleum pratense). The plant cultures were established on 16. 4. 2019 at the experimental field of the Faculty of agriculture, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice. The organic carbon content was monitored regularly depending on the depth of sampling and fertilization of variants. The first sampling was carried out before the plant culture establishment. Further samples were taken every 2 months. All of the samples were taken from the depth of 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm by paedological probing rod. Subsequently, the samples were adjusted for the analysis and examined with the SKALÁR instrument in the laboratory at the Department of Agroecosystems. During the measurement, a sharp increase of organic carbon in the sample taken in the spring of 2020 was observed. A higher content of organic carbon was observed in the samples taken from the depth of 0-10 cm, though, statistically not significant. It was further found, that fertilization influences the total content of organic carbon. The fertilized variants showed higher values than unfertilized. The highest amount of total organic carbon was recorded at the Phleum pretense variant. However, the differences between the plants were not statistically significant.
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Kvalifikace primární půdní organické hmoty podle rychlostní konstanty oxidace v půdách energetických rostlin
ČERNÝ, Martin
An important thing that is influencing quality of yields or biomass for agricultural pruposes and sources for biogas plants is important quality of soil organic matter. It has a major impact on individual attributes of soil organic matter and environment. Over the years have been made many methods which are still upgrading. This bachelor thesis use one of the new method for rating quality of primary soil organic matter by constant of oxidation in soils of energetic grasses Festuca Arundinacea and Phleum pratense. These grasses were grown on experimental fields of the Faculty of Agriculture of the University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice. It has been rating attributes of soil samples from individual grasses such as humus content, degree of humification process and content total organic carbon in the soil. It was confirmed that soil ecosystem is subject to dynamic succession during the year. For this succession helps primary soil organic matter. The quality of soil organic matter depending on the type of grass and also style of how every grass is cultivated during the year. Fertilized parts achieved better results. For example in the final measurements was found to increase the quantity and quality of primary soil organic matter for both species of grasses or an increased content of soil organic carbon.
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Energetic usage of grasses
KOPECKÝ, Marek
The aim of this work is verification the suitability of selected species of grass (Dactylis glomerata, Arrhenatherum elatius, Phalaris arundinacea) for different varieties of energy utilization and the evaluation of economic efficiency of their cultivation and usage. A part of this work is a literature review summarizing the issues of renewable energy, focusing on biomass and energy utilization of grass. There has been used literature of various authors in elaboration the research literature. Based on field tests, there have been developed economic models demonstrating the efficiency of cultivation of selected grass species.
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