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Zhodnocení výskytu a kvality výstavkových stromů na území demonstračního objektu porostů v převodu na střední les na ŠLP ML Křtiny
Vaníček, Lukáš
The main objective of this thesis is to evaluate occurrence and quality of Standard trees on the territory of 59 ha of Demonstration object of forest stands in transition to coppice-with-standards forestry; and to propose forest restoration using Standard trees. During field research, following parameters for Standard trees were collected: coordinates, DBH, crown height placement, tree height, quality. During data processing, following parameters were added: forest compartment identification, set of forest types, exposure, Standard tree trunk volume. Standard trees were most often found in 2S and 2C types. Quality of Standard trees was most often labelled as C or D. Largest volume was found for set of forest types 2D and 2H, smallest volume in set of forest types 1J and 1Z. In order to propose forest restoration, 8 x 0,5 ha square sample plots were established in forest types 2C an 2S. On these particular plots, DBH cross-calipering and harvesting intervention was carried out.
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Hodnocení přirozeného zmlazení ve vybraných maloplošných chráněných územích Školního lesního podniku "Masarykův les" Křtiny
Mareš, Viktor
The objective of this work is to evaluate natural regeneration in two reserves and one management stand in school forest company Křtiny. Two field surveys were carried out, one before the growing season and second after the growing season. The work focused on sessile oak (Quercus petraea), which forms the upper storey at all sites, and it is commercial and natural species to these areas. The success and effect of habitat on regeneration was investigated. The surveys were conducted and based on the fact that 2020 was a strong seed year for sessile oak. Seedlings were evaluated in a network of plots for each site to determine the status of regeneration, and what influences it if any and also the condition of the shelterwood. In the NPR Hádecká planinka, a very poor state of natural regeneration was found, which is probably due to lack of light and competition from other tree species. In contrast, the condition at the U Vojáků site in the clearing area segment clearly shows that oak regeneration is much better in open areas with sufficient light.
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Ekologicko-produkčné hodnotenie štrukturálnej prebierky v bukových porastoch na ŠLP Křtiny
Stančík, Patrik
This thesis is devoted to the research of the influence of structural thinning in 77 year old beech and 60 year old oak stand on the territory of the Training Forest Enterprise Masaryk Forest Křtiny (TFE – MF Křtiny). The aim of the thesis is to observe the effect of performing an educational intervention by structural thinning with different intensities, namely a harvesting intervention in which different amounts of competing trees were removed in favour of selected target individuals. The main aspect monitored was the annual thickness increment in the three different versions of the intervention from the establishment of the experimental plot in 2013, the implementation of the silvicultural intervention in 2015 until the end of the data collection in 2021. In the two different stands, the target trees (with a number of 100 to 160 trees per hectare) were retained in the study plots, together with a certain number of competing trees. In the beech stand (on the Borky site) and also in the oak stand (on the Soběšice site), the statistical analysis did not confirm any significant difference between the different versions of the intervention, which have different intensities. It is not possible to assess the effect of the educational intervention from the measurements obtained so far, therefore it will be most appropriate to assess the effect of structural thinning only after a longer period of time.
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Ekologicko-produkční hodnocení strukturální probírky v dubových a bukových porostech na ŠLP Křtiny
Soukup, Tomáš
Bachelor thesis deals with the issue of structural thinning in medium old beech and oak stands on the Training Forest Enterprise Masaryk Forest (TFE MF) Křtiny. In the framework of the project of the new economic concept of "Dauerwald - Permanently creative forest at TFE MF Křtiny". Educational intervention consists of searching and releasing a defined number of target trees (100 to 150 pieces per ha). At the Soběšice and Borky, three variants of intervention with different degrees of release of target trees were always established. The educational interventions were realised in 2015. Presented research was then focused on measurement of dendrometry characteristics of the target and other trees and evaluating their production and quality. Secondly, the natural regeneration and its development were monitored as well. There, mostly no statistically significant influence of type of intervention on evaluated parameters were find. The actual impact effect can be measured more reliably with a longer time span.
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Růst kultur založených rozdílnými biotechnikami sadby krytokořenného sadebního materiálu
Novák, Jiří
The aim was to determine the effect has different Biotechnics of the seed shattering container-grown planting material of Norway spruce, European beech, Durmast and Forest pine. Planting and measurements were carried out on two plots in the forest management unit Chotěnov village. Soils on the observed surfaces are of different nature - clay and sandy loam. For planting material spruce beech was chosen five kinds of seed. For planting material oak to pine three species. On the basis of the measured values was found, which way is best suited for planting, which is the least. It was determined on the basis of graphical and tabular outputs. The overall assessment then accounted for the weight tests, which compared the planting of seed. The outcome of the work was the assessment of the growing planting materials of different biotechnique seeds.
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Differences in photosynthesis and plant water status between coppice and high forest
Matoušková, Marie
This diploma thesis focuses on comparison of photosynthesis and tree water status between high forest and coppice of Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl. Four different types of management were investigated during vegetation season 2016: high forest, coppice on clear-felled site, coppice with standards and seedlings. Methods of leaf gas exchange and water potential measurements allowed to study transpiration, photosynthesis and its response to light and CO2 concentration and leaf water potential. All these physiological parameters were studied as linked to weather conditions and various levels of drought stress. When the soil water was not limiting factor trees in all variants of experiment behaved similarly. However, during mild to severe drought stress the coppice was superior to seedlings and to high forest. It showed higher photosynthesis rate (2.49 umol m-2 s-1) than seedlings (0.86 umol m-2 s-1), both under moderate water stress. Coppice also had higher stomatal conductance and quantum yield of fluorescence than high forest which allowed to higher photosynthetic rates. The lowest value of predawn water potential was in high forest (-3.27 MPa) whereas highest in coppice (-2.01 MPa) which indicated better water availability and lower evapotranspiration demands imposed on coppice sprouts due to their lower height and therefore lower overall aerodynamic conductance. Response of net photosynthesis to CO2 concentration revealed higher carboxylation rates in high forest than in coppice but low stomatal conductance was a reason for overall lower photosynthetic rates in high forest than in coppice. Due to its superiority under water stress coppice forest may be a viable option for forest management on dry sites during the climate change.
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Využití statistické provozní inventarizace jako základ monitoringu vývoje škod zvěří na ŠLP Křtiny, LÚ Borky
Brandejsová, Markéta
The aim of this work is to analyze data on the damage caused by game from the database Field-Map program of operational statistical inventory. This inventory was carried out in 280 inventory plots to forestry section Borky school forest enterprise Masaryk forest Křtiny, in 2003, 2008 and 2013. Another aim is a suggest a method and a method of long-term monitoring of game damage to forests. Information on damage by game were evaluate in the relevant graphs in relation to the type of stand (coniferous, broadleaf and mixture) edaphic categories and game evidence (above game hunting). Next, the data were compared based on the general linear models in statistics. At principal species and accessory species in relation to the growth was the considerable increase by game damage. Data of game damage depending on edaphic categories showed the greatest harm to the ecological variety of nutrients. After the use of SPI in this work (the evaluation) and keep to relenvat principle of this system, this method was recommend as flexible method for long-term monitoring of the development of game damage to LÚ Borky.
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Hodnocení ekologických limitů a zdravotního stavu hlavních edifikátorů lesních ekosystémů v oblasti Přírodní lesní oblasti Polabí
Soukup, Tomáš
This thesis occupies with environmetal limits and the european beech and oak trees in natural forest area 17–Polabí. Forests, whose age was at least 100 years, were mostly selected for the evalution. Signs of tree growth of both species has been reported in forest stands. It was also evaluated the quality and even the shape of the crown and the quality of the trunk. Last but not least, the incidence of harmful agents has been assessed. Data collection took place in the summer of 2018. In consequence, it was found that there are not ecological limits of both species in this area. At the same time it was it was found that there is no statistically significant difference between first vegetation tiers and second vegetation tiers. The both species growth is very similar, if not the same. Moreover, as expected, the difference between the 2nd and 3rd vegetation tiers in both the total height and the deployment height was proved. At the same time there has been no cause significant damage. Only Lymatria dispar has been detected relatively abundant occurrence.
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Vliv stanoviště a biotechniky sadby na odrůstání kultur založených krytokořenným sadebním materiálem
Novák, Jiří
The aim of this work was to find out how different planting biotechnique of the seed and different site have an impact on growth of container-grown planting material. It was planted norway spruce, european beech and sessile oak on SLT (czech typology system) 5K and 5G. Spruce and beech was planted with five different types of seedlings and oak with three different types. The influence of root ball overlap during planting was also investigated. Measurements took place in 2016, 2017 and 2018. In particular, the following parameters were investigated: the length of the aerial part, the increment, the thickness of the root neck, the length and width of the assimilation organs, the vitality, number of roots rooted in the root ball and the losses. The results show that, the growth of the container-grown planting material is influenced by different biotechnology of seedlings and sites. Planted plants grew better at 5K than at 5G. Best for norway spruce was planting cutter biotechnique for both sites. Best for european beech was center hole planting biotechnique, eventually planting thorn biotechnique. Best for sessisle oak was center hole planting biotechnique. The root pack is better to overlap with a layer of soil during planting.
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Přirozená obnova dubu zimního na LHC Městské lesy Ivančice
Lang, Dalibor
Aim of the work was to optimize regeneration process for successful natural regeneration of sessile oak in Městské lesy Ivančice (Ivančice Municipal Forests). Various regeneration scenarios of natural oak regeneration were methodically compared with natural regeneration in open space and under vegetation from the perspective of basic growth parameters. Natural regeneration was compared to artificial regeneration. The obtained data was evaluated using basic mathematic-statistical methods. Practical output of the work was a recommendation regarding the regeneration process and outline of the long-term development of the subsequent forest cover. Natural regeneration shadowed in open space grows faster and there is a higher number of individuals per hectare compared to artificial regeneration or natural regeneration under maternal vegetation.
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