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Issues relating to nutrition in patients with atopic dermatitis
Krejčí, Lenka ; Humlová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Meisnerová, Eva (referee)
This bachelor's thesis deals with issues relating to nutrition in patients with atopic dermatitis. Atopic dermatitis is a non-infectious chronic inflammatory skin disease. Its prevalence is still increasing and it can significantly affect the quality of life of patients as well as their families. The thesis is divided into two parts - theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part deals with etiology and pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis, its prevention, risk factors for its development and dietary recommendations for patients with atopic dermatitis. Other chapters of the theoretical part deal with methods of diagnosis of atopic dermatitis, epidemiology and prevalence of the disease, potential complications that can arise from atopic dermatitis, treatment principles of atopic dermatitis and principles of skin care. The main aim of the practical part is to check whether the diet of adult respondents, who are suffering from atopic dermatitis, affects clinical manifestation of atopic dermatitis and find out the proof of it. Another aim is to find out whether the extent of affected skin area is related to perception of limitations in activities of daily living caused by atopic dermatitis. The data was obtained through the questionnaire survey among patients attending the Department of Clinical...
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Occupational therapy for patients after the application botulinum toxin. Subtitle: Influencing of functional independence in adult patients after acquired brain injury
Sobelová, Veronika ; Rodová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Dědková, Miriama (referee)
This Master's thesis focuses on Occupational therapy for patients after application of botulinum toxin to upper limb. The aim of the thesis was to evaluate and compare a progress of functional independence in patients after acquired brain injury. There were twenty patients involved in the research, who were further divided into two groups and separated by ten people in each group. Both groups underwent the application of botulinum toxin whereas the experimental group A went through the occupational therapy. The control group had ordinary rehabilitation at home and without any occupational intervention for the duration of twelve week under guided self-rehabilitation contract of spastic paresis, so-called GSC. A programme of the group A included over the counter rehabilitation outpatient occupational therapy. The patients attended the course twice a week for the duration of four weeks. Afterwards, they received a home programme for the duration of eight weeks, during which they had two examinations at occupational therapy. All the participants were evaluated by Global Subjective Self-Assessment which is focused on spasticity. There were further evaluated according to Functional Independece Measure and modified Frenchay Arm Test. The experimental group with outpatient occupational therapy was...
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Specifics of nursing care for patients with spinal muscular atrophy
HRBKOVÁ, Lenka
This thesis is focused on defining the specifics of nursing care for patients with disease spinal muscular atrophy. SMA is classified as an incurable genetic disease that causes progressive muscle atrophy and deformity of the body but sensory perception and intellect remain preserved. The incidence of the disease in the neonatal and childhood prevails, however the outbreak of the disease in adulthood is not any exception. Suitable nursing care is of great importance in maintaining the health of the patients for the longest possible time and delaying the onset of worsening health. The thesis is divided into theoretical and empirical part. The theoretical part deals with SMA disease, incidence, classification, treatment options and nursing care. In connection with the theme of this thesis, we choosed three targets. 1.: Map out the specifics of nursing care of pediatric patients with spinal muscular atrophy from the perspective of nurses. 2.: Map out the specifics of nursing care of adult patients with spinal muscular atrophy from the perspective of nurses. 3.: Comparison of the specifics of nursing care of pediatric and adult patients with spinal muscular atrophy. We used qualitative research method using a semi-structured interview to achieve our goals. To assess quality goals, we used the following research questions: How nurses specify the nursing care provided to a pediatric patient with spinal muscular atrophy? How nurses specify the nursing care provided to an adult patient with spinal muscular atrophy? With which needs of patients suffering with spinal muscular atrophy have the most experienced nurses experience? The research group consisted of six respondents, three of which respondents had experience with care of pediatric patients and the other three with care of adult patiens. As a processing technique we used open coding, through pencil and paper. The information obtained was divided into categories. The research shows that for nurses caring for pediatric patients the age is important at first occurrence of the disease as that influences the possibility of communication. Prevails ensure physiological needs. For nursing care, throughput of the tracheostomy cannula and status check of the oral cavity is important. In terms of nutrition the nurses prefer serving food through the PEG. They also agreed on the need for positioning. Emptying urine is ensured by the PMK or urinating in diapers. The nurses agreed on serving laxatives and manual defecation. The survey of nurses caring for adult patiens explains that the most common barrier is a state of consciousness, mental status and impaired verbal and nonverbal communication. For the needs of the nurses they state the physiological needs, as well as the fulfillment of psychological needs. In the nursing care of respiratory ways nurses report caring for tracheostomy cannula and a suctioning. In the case of nutrition they prefer per os (orally) and after that they use the help of NGS or NJS. The most common way of serving the diet they indicate the PEG. In case of immobility of the patient they all agree on positioning. For emptying urine they use PMK, one also mentioned epicystostomy. For defecation they agree on serving of laxatives, enemas and manual defecation. The results of our survey highlight the differences in nursing care provided to children and adults. The most relevant in the category of barriers in communication, is the age of the children and adults state of consciousness, the willingness and the ability to communicate. Adult patients desire to fulfill even higher requirements,while with children it is about fulfilling the physiological and social needs. In the nursing care, significant differences are not found. The results obtained in the practical part, I would like to use the knowledge to broaden awareness of nurses who have experience in caring for patients with SMA and to better inform the general public about this rare and often fata
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