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BMI (body mass index) patient, factors influencing the radiation protection of staff in radiology
MICHEL, Tomáš
Bachelor thesis deals with personnel radiation exposure in interventional procedures in patients with different BMI. Therefore we have decided to clarify the hypothesis to what extent the impact of BMI on patient radiation exposure of personnel. The thesis is divided into 2 parts: In the theoretical part of the thesis deals with the hitherto known in the field of radiation protection in workplaces with ionizing radiation. The information obtained from the State Office for Nuclear Safety and National Radiation Protection Institute we detail the current methods of protection against ionizing radiation, radiation protection, which is based on three basic principles defined by international institutions and the legal system in all developed countries: 1. The justification of exposure 2. Optimization of protection 3. Establishment of exposure In the second part of the thesis devoted to a particular hypothesis of proof. Hypothesis is that the BMI of the patient greatly affects the radiation exposure of personnel for interventional procedures. Statistical analysis the thesis consists of two parts. The first part is a set of patients after PTA pelvic arteries and the second part is a set of patients after biliary drainage. To calculate the statistical dependence, we chose a simple linear correlation (Pearson r), resulting will be a regression line. The base set includes about 100 patients, after examining and identifying the data needed to calculate the radiation dependence, we had about half of the patients discarded for the following reasons: - We were unable to verify information in the database RO. - We were unable to verify the values for BMI. - Patients who were treated in 2006, we scrapped because they were treated to another type of angiographic device that worked in very different dose rates. - PTA in pelvic arteries undergoing different type of exercise intervention, for example: diagnosis of aortic arch, carotid arteries and examination of the lower extremities. The most serious limits of the study, however, include the use of different protective shield in each case, which brings to the measurements and calculations greatest uncertainty. It shows especially when comparing sets DZC sets and PTA, in terms of the relationship BMI and dose of physician. The DZC is used for practical reasons, only a limited, would have bothered himself transferred power. The PTA is quite the contrary, investigating may preferably between himself and the radiation field to insert shield in the form of protective Plexiglas absorbance, which is part of angiographic complete. Above all this, we explain why statistical significance BMI and dose of physician for DZC is traceable, while at the PTA it is not. From a statistical perspective, the relationship of BMI and dose impacting on patient at DZC relatively very tight at the PTA was a little less tight. This fact can be explained by the fact that the measurement data is not affected so many uncertain variables such as dose measurements in the apron. The correction of different difficulty of performance was used dividing the total fluoroscopic doses with a total time of fluoroscopy. The expression of experts on radiation protection initially resulted transferred to study with skepticism. Surprise, but was relatively strong statistical dependence in relation BMI and dose of both entities in DZC. In terms of number of patients and the homogeneity of each group is more of a pilot study. Group of patients with DZC need of the above reasons, considered more representative than the group of patients with PTA. From the findings we can confirm the existence of a correlation between the dose and the patient's constitution and staff performing interventional radiology procedures. These established facts may be relevant to the protection of personnel and should be taken into account in the design of radiological measures.
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