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Response of potatoes to split application of nitrogen and plant auxiliaries
MICHALÍČEK, David
The aim of the diploma thesis wasto evaluate the yield of tubers and the share of starch in tubers in potato varieties with different growing seasons and to point out or refute the need for nitrogen during cultivation. Next, to focus on the effect of nitrogen fertilization on dry matter and starch content. It was a small plot experiment, which was based on the Valečov experimental station. Two varieties were selected for the experiment, the early and the semi-early ones. The first variant is a plant not fertilized with nitrogen. The other variant was fertilized before planting. In another variant, a split application of nitrogen was performed, and in the fourth variant, an auxiliary plant preparation was applied, supporting stolon growth and root formation. The experiment further records treatment and conditions during the growing season. Individual differences between the varieties were also recorded during the experiment. For variants 2 and 3, the effect of fertilization on the yield of potato tubers in both varieties was demonstrated. The yield also increased significantly in the variant with the use of an auxiliary preparation. The semi-early variety Antonia reacted best to the auxiliary herbal preparation and the early variety Colomba achieved the highest yield in the variant with foliar application of urea. Antonia recorded a yield of 58.4 t/ha for the control variant, 64.3 t/ha for the second variant and 66.9 t/ha for the third fertilizer before planting. The variant with an auxiliary product then recorded a yield of 68.53 t/ha, which was a higher yield compared to the control variant by 10.1 t/ha. For the very early Colomba variety, the yields for the variant without fertilization were 66.14 t/ha, variant No. 2 then 83.18 t/ha, the variant with fertilization before planting recorded a yield of 79.26 t/ha and the variant with auxiliary product 78.85 t/ha. The differences between the fertilized variants during the growing season were 4.23 t/ha for the Antonia variety in favor of the auxiliary plant preparation. For the Colomba variety, the difference was 4.33 t/ha in favor of the urea variant. At the same time, the size ratio of the tubers also changed. In the case of the Antonia variety, there was a decrease in starch content in the fertilized variants, but in the case of the Colomba variety, the decrease was not confirmed in all variants.
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