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Comparison of adsorption capacity and adsorption efficiency of diosmectite and charcoal on selected compounds that often cause acute intoxication in adult population of the Czech Republic
Mináriková, Michaela ; Martínková, Markéta (advisor) ; Mrízová, Iveta (referee)
In the treatment of acute intoxications, one of the treatment procedures is an antidote submission, e.g. diosmectite and activated charcoal, where an antidote is a substance which acts antagonistically and disturbingly with the toxic effect of a toxic substance. The aim of this work was to compare the adsorption capabilities of activated charcoal and diosmectite in selected model compounds which are the most common originators of acute intoxications in the adult population of the Czech Republic. The actual comparison of adsorption capabilities of these sorbents was preceded by issues search processing of ten groups of substances that cause the most acute intoxications and subsequent testing of the proposed method for future detailed testing of adsorption and adsorption efficiency of different sorbents. Of the ten groups of substances five model compounds were selected: dosulepin, acetylsalicylic acid, ibuprofen, promethazine and phenobarbital, on which adsorption of diosmectite, activated charcoal, and mixture of these sorbents was compared in the experimental part of this work. This comparison of the adsorption capabilities of sorbents was carried out not only under neutral conditions, but also in an alkaline and acidic environment which simulated physiological conditions in different parts of the...
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Study of adsorption efficiency of diosmectite and charcoal on selected model compounds causing acute intoxication in the Czech Republic
Mináriková, Michaela ; Martínková, Markéta (advisor) ; Sedláček, Jan (referee)
The first step in treatment of acute intoxications is usually based on a method suitable to eliminate the toxic agent from the poisoned body. The principle of such a method consists of binding the harmful substances to the surface of a suitable adsorbent material. The aim of the present study was to compare the adsorption ability of two adsorbent materials, namely diosmectite and activated charcoal towards selected model compounds which are most commonly involved in acute intoxication in the Czech Republic. The eleven model compounds were selected: acetylsalicylic acid, α-amanitin, amlodipine, digoxin, phenobarbital, ibuprofen, imipramine, carbamazepine, oxazepam, promethazine, and theophylline. Of the tested compounds, promethazine was most effectively adsorbed to diosmectite. Its adsorption to diosmectite (0.191 ± 0.035 mg promethazine/mg diosmectite) was significantly higher than its adsorption to activated charcoal. Amlodipine, imipramine and carbamazepine were adsorbed both to diosmectite and to charcoal, by analogous efficiencies. The effect of temperature and pH on the adsorption efficiencies of these adsorbents was also evaluated. The utilized pH simulated physiological conditions in the various parts of the gastrointestinal tract. Surprisingly, the pH was not found to significantly...
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Comparison of adsorption capacity and adsorption efficiency of diosmectite and charcoal on selected compounds that often cause acute intoxication in adult population of the Czech Republic
Mináriková, Michaela ; Martínková, Markéta (advisor) ; Mrízová, Iveta (referee)
In the treatment of acute intoxications, one of the treatment procedures is an antidote submission, e.g. diosmectite and activated charcoal, where an antidote is a substance which acts antagonistically and disturbingly with the toxic effect of a toxic substance. The aim of this work was to compare the adsorption capabilities of activated charcoal and diosmectite in selected model compounds which are the most common originators of acute intoxications in the adult population of the Czech Republic. The actual comparison of adsorption capabilities of these sorbents was preceded by issues search processing of ten groups of substances that cause the most acute intoxications and subsequent testing of the proposed method for future detailed testing of adsorption and adsorption efficiency of different sorbents. Of the ten groups of substances five model compounds were selected: dosulepin, acetylsalicylic acid, ibuprofen, promethazine and phenobarbital, on which adsorption of diosmectite, activated charcoal, and mixture of these sorbents was compared in the experimental part of this work. This comparison of the adsorption capabilities of sorbents was carried out not only under neutral conditions, but also in an alkaline and acidic environment which simulated physiological conditions in different parts of the...
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