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Utilizing of selected agri-environment measures in the South Bohemian and Pilsen Region
MUDRÁKOVÁ, Tereza
Theoretical part of the diploma thesis (review) is focused on historical development of the Common Agricultural Policy (reforms from the years 1999 and 2003 are emphasized) and on the comparison of the agri-environment schemes (AES) of the Czech Republic, Slovak Republic, and Austria. The aim of the review was to summarize the processes, which led to the recent form of AES. In practical part of the thesis measures, which support maintaining and increasing of populations of ground game and birdlife, i.e. measures Catch Crops, Rich Seed Habitat (Biobelt), and Bird Area on Grasslands were evaluated. Data from Paying Agency SZIF were used. The study covers both, the (shortened) programming period 2004-2006 and the programming period 2007 {--} 2013 (years 2004 {--} 2008). Thesis is focused on region NUTS II Southeast. The following indicators were analysed: interest of the farmers in the selected AES measures, area on which the measures were carried out and amount of the financial support spent to support individual measures. Finally, steps to optimize the use of financial resources are suggested. Catch Crops are used as a measure on arable land. The highest interest of the farmers in Catch Crops was observed in the year 2004, when the largest number of the farmers entered this measure. The interest was decreasing in the following years (especially in the years 2007 and 2008, when the endowment was lowered). Catch Crops cover 6 {--} 8 % of the arable land of the region and the area has been increasing in time. Biobelt is only sporadically used measure (probably because of the underestimation of the costs), but interest in it (albeit low) has been increasing during the whole period. Measure Bird Area on Grasslands is restricted to nesting areas of Corncrake (Crex crex) and Waders (Charadrii). In NUTS III South Bohemian Region, the measure was applied on approximately 27 % of the area where it potentially can be used during the whole observed period. In NUTS III Plzeň Region, the area increased from 26% in the years 2004 {--} 2006 to 60 % in the years 2007 and 2008.
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Occurence and density of corncrake (Crex crex) in selected parts of National Park Šumava in relation to biotope management
PEKSA, Martin
The abundance of males of corncrake (Crex crex) in dependence on its biotope management was studied in the west part of the Šumava National Park. A night counting of singing males of corncrake by the method of point transect was practised. A record of male territorial vocalization was used. The research last from 9th June 2008 to 8th July 2008 in the extent of 598,3 hectare and in the average altitude of 877,7 metres above sea-level. Sixty-two males of corncrake was found out in total. The average population density was 0,07 ex./ha. Among 39 monitored localities there were 53,9 % of perennial biomass crops, 23,8 % of localities without management, 11,9 % of grasslands and 10,5 % of localities where the management according to the agroenvironmental programme is practised. It was acknowledged a positive influence of localities where the management according to the agroenvironmental programme is practised on corncrakes occurrence. In spite of the procentual representation of these localities being the smallest the average occurrence of corncrake there is the largest. It appears from these results that the agroenvironmental programme called "Bird localities on biomass crops - the breeding place of corncrake" is beneficial.
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