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The use of immunohistochemistry for the examination of mammary gland biopsy.
MACHÁČOVÁ, Dominika
Background: Tumours of the breast are the most common tumours in the female population of the Czech Republic. Improvements in early diagnosis and therapy have led to gradual reduction of mortality with an increasing incidence of this disease. Aims: The aim of this study was to find out the significance of imunohistochemistry in diagnostics of tumours of the breast. Materials and methods: A total of 22 cases of malignant neoplasm of the breast were included in our study. Twenty two core-cut biopsies and twenty one resected specimens were eximined. Imunohistochemical staining with a total of 5 markers was performed - oestrogen and progesterone receptors, HER2, Ki-67, E-cadherin. In 9 cases, imunohistochemical examination in the resection specimens was also performed. The results of manual imunohistochemical staining and staining performed on autostainer Ventana Benchmark were compared. Results: The most frequent histologic subtype was invasive carcinoma of no special type in fourteen of cases, followed by four cases of invasive lobular carcinoma, two cases of atypical medullary carcinoma, one case of mixed (invasive carcinoma of no special type and invasive lobular carcinoma) carcinoma and one case of metaplastic carcinoma. In one case, a different diagnosis was made - invasive carcinoma of no special type was diagnosed in the core-cut biopsy while metaplastic carcinoma was diagnosed in the resected specimen. The expression of both oestrogen and progesterone receptors was variable. It ranged between 10-100 % (on average 81,9 % and 38,8 % respectively). Oestrogen receptors were found in 18 of cases while progesterone receptors were found in 16 of cases. The Ki-67 expression ranged between 2 and 40 % (on average 16,5 %); higher Ki-67 values ( 20 %) were found in tumours with loss of oestrogen and/or progesterone receptor expression and in poorly differentiated tumours. None of the cases was determinated as HER2 positive; a score 0 was used in 12 of the cases and a score 1+ in 10 of the cases. Conclusion: When comparing manual imunohistochemical staining staining with staining performed on the autostainer Ventana Benchmark very similar results were obtained.
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Methods of biopsy in mammar diagnostic under X-ray control
KUČEROVÁ, Hana
In the recent years, the issue of malignant female disease, breast cancer, has been increasingly discussed. On top of biological behaviour, the prognosis of the disease depends manly on early diagnosis. The targeted biopsy of the tissue, under visualisation methods control, opens new opportunities compared to the earlier pre-operation biopsies guided by mere guessing and palpation. There is a decrease in the number of open biopsies and unnecessary surgeries of the breast gland. Locating and biopsy of a suspicious lesion may be done via mammography or ultrasound. The most common method of mammography nowadays is digital stereotaxis, the most recent used method is vacuum biopsy. Locating suspicious lesion via mammography is particurarly used for micro-caltifications, which can be visualised only via mammography. The constant development and improvement of biopsy methods of biological material in mammal diagnostics leads to the withdrawal of abundantly used methods earlier and also undoubtedly to the development of new ones. Our aim is to offer the client perfect breast gland care!
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