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Dietary habits of obese adults
MANSFELDOVÁ, Lucie
Obesity nowadays is one of the most common chronic diseases in the Czech Republic. By overweight in the Czech Republic suffers 73% of men and 57% of women, of which 24% men and 26% women suffer by obesity. Obesity can cause unhealthy eating habits and low physical activity. The main aim of the bachelor thesis called "Dietary habits of obese adults" was to map the eating habits and composition of the diet of a group of obese individuals aged 30-40 years. The thesis is divided into two parts - the theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part deals with the characteristic of obesity. On the beginning is mentioned the history of obesity, another pointing is about the various definitions, the classification of obesity. In the theoretical part, I write about energetic need, metabolism and the Body Mass Index. I describe the distribution of fat in the organism and its measurement methods. In the next chapter, I focused on risk factors for obesity - uninfluenced and influenced factors. Other chapters include the causes of obesity, obesity prevention, and health risks that I divided into metabolic and mechanical complications. The last part is about the treatment of obesity. In the practical part I conducted research on 10 respondents, which I voluntarily chose. Input criteria were BMI higher than or equal to 30 and had to fall into the 30-40 age category. For research I used the data sheets that were evaluated in the Nutriservis profi program. Data were complemented by analysis of the questionnaire survey. The results of the survey show that diet habits and energy content do not match nutritional recommendations and healthy lifestyle principles. Obese people choose unhealthy foods and have low physical activity.
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Verification of the effect of rations on goats feed intake and on milk composition
KRÁL, Václav
Goat's milk has many great nutritional properties, which arise from its unique composition. The milk composition is however depending on the composition of the feed diet. The aim of this work is to determine how the diet affects the quantity of milk yield and composition. We also made observations to determine how selected herbs affect the intake of feed rations with goats. The experimental part is divided into three parts. In the first part, we evaluated the impact of selected herbs to income ration with goats. We found that the addition of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) increases the amount of food taken. Conversely, an addition of meadow pea (Lathyrus pratensis) decreases the amount of food intake. In the second part, we tested the ribwort plantain (Plantago lanceolata) effect on the milk composition. We found that an addition of this herb in the ration slightly increases daily milk yield. In the third section we monitored a herd of goats on grassland. We evaluated influence of the composition of pasture vegetation and the addition of oats on milk yield and composition. Our conclusion is that the composition of the pasture had a significant impact not only on the basic components of milk, but also on the representation of individual groups of fatty acids. The adding of oats decreases the influence of grazing.
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