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Water management analysis of reservoir under climate change
Smolík, Lukáš ; Benáčková, Kateřina (referee) ; Marton, Daniel (advisor)
The presented bachelor thesis is focused on the analysis of impacts of climate change on the water reservoir. The work consists of several partial steps. The first step is the calibration of the balance of the hydrological model to the current climatic and hydrological conditions. The next step is the construction of hydrological time series burdened by climate change. That the calibrated model was compiled, it must be used calibrated balance model and climatic data loaded climate change. Selected emission scenario used in the work of the emission scenario RCP4.5 the final step of the work is to analyze the reservoir volume by using the simulation model of the tank and its evaluation in view of possible future climate change. The functionality of the described procedures will be verified for the analysis of impacts of climate change on the reservoir capacity of the reservoir in the defended Hanušovice profile in the Morava river basin.
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Climate expertise and security politics: the case of the Czech Republic
Pokorná, Viktória ; Rychnovská, Dagmar (advisor) ; Svitková, Katarína (referee)
This Master's Thesis called "Climate expertise and security politics: the case of the Czech Republic" deals with engagement of climatologists in politics and society. Nowadays, certain actors (politicians, activists, celebrities, etc.) perceive climate change as dangerous threat to humanity, and so, they try to securitize this issue. They endeavor to inform ordinary people and make politicians to adopt extraordinary measures. Among these securitizing actors, we could find several climatologists who can fulfil role of security experts. However, such a trend is not present in the Czech Republic. Czech climatologists are not so active publicly and in politics compared to their foreign colleagues. This Thesis would like to analyze what are structural conditions of this trend. It is focused on various influential elements - society, politics, media and scientific field itself. It is based on concept of co-production that is about mutual relationship between these elements. It shows that society, politics and media are rather discouraging Czech scientists from engagement. However, also scientific community as such is not coherent, but there are several different epistemic communities. This Thesis would also like to connect science with Security Studies, mainly securitization theory and security...
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Effects of urbanization on the landscape of a Modern City in Ghana: A case study of sunyani
Boateng, K. A. ; Mensah, Caleb ; Agyei, Thomas ; Švik, Marian
According to the fifth assessment report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, changes in land use through urbanization and agriculture are the key anthropogenic effects of climate change. Thus, the preservation of natural environment of urban areas is essential for conserving water and soil, while still adjusting the microclimatic variables (temperature, precipitation, relative humidity, etc.) and stabilizing the natural ecological system from destruction. It has been observed that most parts of city's green vegetation have been lost due to housing developments and commercial activities. This study was carried out to assess the effect of the change in land use on a modern city like Sunyani, by observing the significant changes in vegetation cover from LANDSAT TM imagery over a 31-year period (1986-2017). From the study, there was significant decline of vegetation cover from 1986 to 1999, and no significant change from 1999 to 2017. There were also significant changes in the built-up areas from 1986 to 1999 and no significant change from 1999 to 2017. Adoption of sustainable and environmentally friendly technologies that maintain open green vegetation is recommended for future city planning.
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Vývoj emisí skleníkových plynů a znečišťujících látek z veřejné energetiky a výroby tepla v ČR v letech 1990–2012
Rollerová, Miluše ; Mertl, Jan
The impact of public electricity and heat production on the environment in the Czech Republic has significantly declined since 1990. Nevertheless, the public electricity and heat production in the Czech Republic has remained the category with the highest share on the total aggregated greenhouse gas emissions and also have a significant influence on the state of the environment. The positive trend of pressures on the environment from public electricity and heat production during the last 25 years was influenced by investments on the environment, by implementation of new measures aimed at decreasing the level of pollution and by dynamic technological development. On the other hand, there has been no significant decline of the consumption of brown coal for electricity and heat generation; therefore, the current efforts aimed at decreasing carbon intensity of the economy by means of increasing the share of “green” alternatives (especially renewable energy sources) in the energy mix can be seen as ineffective from environmental perspective. Moreover, the Czech Republic has a significantly negative and growing balance of international trade with electricity, which is an exception amongst European countries. In the consequence, the additional burden on the environment is caused by electricity generation.
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Indikátory zranitelnosti – Příručka Hodnocení zranitelnosti České republiky ve vztahu ke změně klimatu k roku 2014
CENIA, česká informační agentura životního prostředí
CENIA, česká informační agentura životního prostředí ve spolupráci s Centrem pro otázky životního prostředí Univerzity Karlovy vytvořila návrh systému sledování zranitelnosti České republiky vůči projevům změny klimatu, tzv. indikátory zranitelnosti. Zranitelnost ČR vůči projevům změny klimatu je dle vyhodnocení, zpracovaného v průběhu roku 2017 k výchozímu roku 2014, velmi vysoká. Jeden z nejdůležitějších prvků zranitelnosti ČR je hospodaření s vodou v české krajině, která není v dostatečné míře schopná zadržovat vodu, což přispívá na jedné straně k velmi vysoké zranitelnosti suchem a na straně druhé povodněmi. Špatný management vody v krajině a v sídlech je umocněn měnícími se srážkovými a teplotními vzorci, které mají dopady na další oblasti – obyvatelstvo, lesnictví, zemědělství, urbánní prostředí, energetiku a další. Sada indikátorů zranitelnosti je součástí Národního akčního plánu adaptace na změnu klimatu (NAP adaptace, 2017), který je implementačním dokumentem Strategie přizpůsobení se změně klimatu v podmínkách ČR (Adaptační strategie ČR, 2016).
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Hodnocení zranitelnosti České republiky ve vztahu ke změně klimatu k roku 2014
CENIA, česká informační agentura životního prostředí
CENIA, česká informační agentura životního prostředí ve spolupráci s Centrem pro otázky životního prostředí Univerzity Karlovy vytvořila návrh systému sledování zranitelnosti České republiky vůči projevům změny klimatu, tzv. indikátory zranitelnosti. Zranitelnost ČR vůči projevům změny klimatu je dle vyhodnocení, zpracovaného v průběhu roku 2017 k výchozímu roku 2014, velmi vysoká. Jeden z nejdůležitějších prvků zranitelnosti ČR je hospodaření s vodou v české krajině, která není v dostatečné míře schopná zadržovat vodu, což přispívá na jedné straně k velmi vysoké zranitelnosti suchem a na straně druhé povodněmi. Špatný management vody v krajině a v sídlech je umocněn měnícími se srážkovými a teplotními vzorci, které mají dopady na další oblasti – obyvatelstvo, lesnictví, zemědělství, urbánní prostředí, energetiku a další. Sada indikátorů zranitelnosti je součástí Národního akčního plánu adaptace na změnu klimatu (NAP adaptace, 2017), který je implementačním dokumentem Strategie přizpůsobení se změně klimatu v podmínkách ČR (Adaptační strategie ČR, 2016).
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Small Island Developing States and Statehood
Breitling, Dustin ; Riegl, Martin (advisor) ; Landovský, Jakub (referee)
Dustin Breitling Thesis Advisor: Martin Riegl, PhD. Small Island Developing States and Statehood Abstract: The spate of warnings that have been issued concerning Climate Change and its damaging impact upon the livelihood of populations has garnered increasing acknowledgement and critical concern. In a century where the potential for states to be submerged, concerns are being raised about how states, especially Small Island Developing States, are susceptible to losing Statehood. Small Island Developing States are already being ravaged by higher sea levels and dramatic loss of livelihood through inundation and potential submergence of their territory by the end of the century. Already these concerns are catalyzing Small Island Developing States to seek out alternative arrangements for their populations and importantly to preserve their legal personality. These arrangements tie in decisive concerns that connect how States are understood within in the international community as possessing a permanent territory, effective governance, permanent population and the capacity to be recognized by others. The angle offered and explored here becomes what happens once a permanent territory is undermined by seawaters and populations are relocated to Host States. If these issues are bound to occur then can historical...
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Climate change impacts on population of Sri Lanka and adaptation strategies
Molnárová, Bára ; Stojanov, Robert (advisor) ; Siwek, Tadeusz (referee)
The main aim of the study is to analyse households' adaptation measures to the climate change and its impacts in Sri Lanka such as extreme weather events - especially floods, landslides, heavy rains, droughts or water deficiency. Another objective of this study is to identify how locals perceive climate change impacts, what they think the specific causes are, what the implications and consequences are and what are their impacts on their households in selected regions in Sri Lanka. I also tried to identify which changes of climate they personally observe (if any) and what they think about it. The case study is based on my research, which I realized in July - September 2016 in Sri Lanka. I focused on two neighbour districts: one of them is Anuradhapura district, which is on the northwest of the island and it is in the dry climatic zone of the island. The second district is Matale, which is located in highlands and there is more humidity. I examined the perception of local residents to changes in the climate, which is, whether they realize that changes are caused by the global climate change and that the situation will deteriorate further, or whether they have another explanation. In connection with this, I also examined whether they have any plans or predictions of the future and how they adapt for...
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Energy and Environment in the View of Law
Pokorný, Jiří
Mankind has come to the point where it is fully dependent on energy. Primarily, this means the universally convertable electricity and also the thermal energy. The most widespread technologies for production of the above energies are unfortunately based on fossil fuels which, when combusted, produce greenhouse gases. Even though this is not the sole source of these substances, it belongs among the largest ones. The heightened concentration of greenhouse gases in Earth's atmosphere causes climate change which endangers the environment of the whole planet. To make this process stop or at least slow down, it is imperative to implement a wide range of measures to limit the greenhous gases production. Even though such measures will need to be carried out technically, their basis lies in law. The dissertation thesis "Energy and Environment from the Viewpoint of Law" deals with relationships between energy and environment (mostly energetics) and tools of law which can be releavant in this field. They can be found across different levels from international through European to national - Czech - level. From the perspective of applied tools, they incorporate conceptual, administrative and economical approaches. The roles of the respective means is such that the conceptual determine future progress,...
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Rainfall runoff process in time of climate change
Benáčková, Kateřina ; Janál,, Petr (referee) ; Marton, Daniel (advisor)
The aim of The Diploma Thesis was to compile a conceptual rainfall-runoff model, that would be eligible to model discharge in conditions of climate changes. After thorough verifications of possible variants, user program Runoff Prophet that is eligible to simulate discharge in closing profile of any river basin was compiled within this paper. Runoff Prophet is deterministic lumped model with monthly computation time step and from the hydrologic phenomena it takes soil moisture, evapotranspiration, groundwater flow and the watercourse flow into account. Its calibration is based on the differential evolution principle with Nash–Sutcliffe model efficiency coefficient as the calibration criterion. Developed software was tested on Vír I. catchment basin and the results of this probe were evaluated from viewpoints of air temperature, precipitation and discharge characteristics in the Dalečín measurement river cross section in distant future according to A1B SRES climate scenario, implemented in LARS-WG weather generator.
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