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Aplikace principů pozornosti v online prostředí
Suchý, Miroslav ; Pavlíček, Antonín (advisor) ; Endlar, Lewis (referee)
Attention is today a scarce resource, which is from physiological substance of the human brain to a certain extent limited. Abundance of information that affect the user who grasp the information, cause a mismatch between the information that is infinite and ever growing, and user attention, which is used during the processing of this information. From the perspective of Attention economy, there are principles that explain how attention works. This work aims to verify these principles of attention in the electronic environment by measuring eye movements of sample of tested participants during execution of proposed tasks on particular website. Using a technology called eye-tracking there are collected supportive data on user's allocated attention in context of executed tasks on the website. These data are analysed and compared with the principles of attention. The analysis of the tested sample of website users confirmed that attention principles really corresponds with the measured allocated attention and also revealed a clear relationship between the various measured amounts of attention and subsequent user behaviour, which was nearly identical at most of the observed users. These findings led to the recommendation to respect the principles of attention in the design of any e-environment platform, which should avoid to the main researched problem, the abundance of information and the lack of attention of users in online environment.
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Social and emotional development of an individual with ADHD syndrome
KOKEŠOVÁ, Lenka
Bachelor thesis "Social and emotional development with individuals with ADHD" (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorders) addresses how individuals develop from birth until early adulthood, and what problems these individuals, their parents, teachers and the whole neighborhood faces. Given that from ADHD syndrome suffer between 3-5% of the child population, it is certain that almost every teacher encounters with a child suffering from the syndrome. Personality of a teacher has an important impact on a development of a student with ADHD syndrome and influences mainly whether a child with the syndrome receives at school appropriate evaluation, will perform with adequate results with regard to their intellect and whether a child will like to go to school or will only have bad memories of school. Syndrome of attention deficit disorder together with hyperactivity is also currently known as so-called ADHD syndrome. Children which suffer from this disorder tend to be hyperactive, impulsive and have attention deficit disorder. For this reason they have behavioral and learning problems mostly from the first grade of primary school. Despite the fact that the intelligence of children with ADHD syndrome is not affected by the syndrome and in most cases they have average to above-average intelligence the children do not reach adequate results at school. Often receiving bad grading or being criticized for bad behavior and receiving notes sent home. These children are identified by others as sloppy, fools, punk, thugs, cheeky, etc." This thesis contains overview of up-to-date knowledge of this area (issue), above all reasons for ADHD, diagnostics and kinds of ADHD, legislation, possibilities of how to reduce ADHD syndrome and influence positively at a child as of very early age until the completion of the school attendance. In my research I have concentrated on evaluation of the main problems of individuals influenced by ADHD syndrome. These individuals suffer with ADHD as of early age up until adulthood during their studies and while spending free time. Taking into consideration the view of the teachers, doctors, parents and social workers. Study of the Bachelor thesis was prepared based on qualitative research method, the data were obtained from 3 kinds of anonymous surveys which were composed while using closed, semi-open and open questions. The studied group consist of doctors from hospital - pediatric department in České Budějovice, from children psychiatric hospital in Opařany, teachers from the primary school in Týn nad Vltavou and social workers from department MěÚ in Týn nad Vltavou. The aim of the research was to find out whether students if they are provided with specific educating and raising needs still show problems during tuition. If the individuals with ADHD syndrome are accepted by other children in a group, if based on the research persists syndrome ADHD until the adulthood and if this issue is perceived or ignored by layman and professional public.
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Has UV radiation an impact on tadpoles' movement activity?
KLAPKA, Vladimír
The increasing level of the UV-B irradiation due to depleting of the ozone layer is considered to be one of the causes of global amphibian declines. The UV-B radiation causes damage to the DNA in the nuclei of the skin cells and their eventual death. In many amphibian species there was found a negative influence of the UV-B radiation on the hatching success of tadpoles and their subsequent viability. It has been assumed that tadpoles are able to actively avoid places with the higher exposure of the UV-B radiation thanks to their locomotion. In this experiment tadpoles could have chosen between a zone with the UV radiation (UV-B and UV-A) and without the UV radiation. The tadpoles have not been exposed to the UV radiation before the measurement started. The location of the tadpoles during the measurement was recorded by CCD camera. A computer program EthoVision then evaluated the time that these tadpoles spent in each of the zones and the total path length these tadpoles has swum in the zones. The measurements were performed for two groups of tadpoles differing in age to determine whether the level of development may affect the tadpoles' preference to the UV radiation. The tadpoles in both groups spent more time in the zone without the UV radiation. The tadpoles in the more advanced development phase have spent 7 times more time in average in the zone without the UV radiation than in the zone with it. The tadpoles from the second group have spent in average 2.5 times more time in the zone without the UV radiation than in the zone with the UV radiation. The total swimming path length of advanced tadpoles was almost 2.5 times longer in the zone without the UV radiation than in the zone with the UV radiation. Conversely, the total path length of younger tadpoles did not significantly differ between the zones. The total time spent in the zones with / without the UV radiation did not differ between the groups of tadpoles. Also the total path length did not differ between the groups in the zone with the UV-B radiation. However, the total path length of tadpoles had differed between groups in the zone without the UV radiation.
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World through eyes of people with autism - qualitative study of everyday life of an autistic person
ZÁLESKÁ, Helena
My work is focused on perceive reality through autistic view and their subjective perception. Part one consists and explains of basic terms of autism spectrum disorders problems. Part two is methodology. It consists of a study which tries to answer research questions. Two techniques are used interview and observation. Respondents are split in two groups in first group are children, which responded themselves, in second group responded parents of children as they were not able to respond themselves. Part three provides work summary, processing the results of the research. It highlights the most important areas of the entire research. Those are analyzed and completed by relevant literature.
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Výskyt agresivního chování u psů na Moravě
Brumovská, Veronika
The bachelor thesis was focused on the occurrence of aggressive behavior in Moravia. In the study, It was estimated the aggressive behavior directed to people and dogs. The introduction describes the domestication of the dog, its usage and behavior. The other part of thesis is concentrated on the factors affecting aggressive behavior, such as age, sex, size, keeping on a leash or level of socialization of dogs. In conclusion, results suggested that the occurrence of aggression in dogs may be influenced by many factors.
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Výskyt agresivního chování u psů na Lanškrounsku
Grofová, Daniela
The bachelor thesis is concentrated on the occurrence of canine aggressive behavior in Lanškrounsko. Data about aggression was obtained by completing questionnaires. Aggressive behavior towards dogs and people was observed. People were more frequently bitten by dogs than dogs. Victims were more frequently bitten by male dogs than female dogs. The study summarized information about canine aggression and its possible solution.
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Výskyt agresivního chování psů v Tišnově
Řepová, Veronika
The bachelor thesis was concentrated on the occurrence of canine aggressive behavior in the town Tišnov. The questionnaire was completed by people that owned the dog that bit the victim. Dogs off a leash more frequently displayed attacks. The occurrence of biting was higher when the dog known its victim. The aggressive behavior occurred in most cases in dogs living area. The medium breeds were more aggressive than small and large breeds. The occurrence of biting was higher in adults than in puppies or seniors.
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Vnútrodruhová komunikácia psov
Pernišová, Nikola
The bachelor thesis summarizes the present knowledge of dogs communication. The firt part deals with auditory communication. It was found that domestic dogs are more vocal than their wild relatives. The next part talks about visual communication, which includes not only eye contact, but also the position of body parts and movements. The last part is about olfaction, the sense ,which canids use in the first place when meeting with another individual. Despite the fact that there exists lots of studies dealing with dogs communication, there are also running new researches, which may bring out new facts and enrich our understanding of dogs common relationships.
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Sociální interakce psů v Brně-Vinohradech
Onderličková, Johana
The bachelor thesis was concentrated on social interactions in dogs and on analyses of factors that affect dog behavior. The observation of 200 dog dyads was carried out in Brno, in district Vinohrady. The age and size of dogs influenced the place of sniffing on the body. The size of dogs had an effect on urination. The age, sex and size of dogs and the use of leash affected the occurrence of play bow in dogs. In conclusion, the results indicate that canine behavior in open spaces is influenced by a number of factors.
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Sociální interakce mezi psy v Brně-Lužánkách
Moravanská, Andrea
The bachelor study was focused on the analysis of dog interactions in Brno-Lužanky. Two hundred dogs were observed. The sex of the dog influenced canine behavior. Female dogs more frequently sniffed the head in dogs, while male dogs more frequently sniffed the back part of the body in dogs. Dogs of the opposite sex played more frequently than dogs of the same sex. Dogs off a leash played more frequently than dogs on a leash. Dogs led by men played more frequently than dogs led by women. In conclusion, canine behavior in open spaces is influenced by many factors.
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