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Biomedical applications of cationic gold nanoparticles
Žárská, Monika ; Hodný, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Králová, Jarmila (referee) ; Bačáková, Lucie (referee)
Cationic gold nanoparticles (GNPs) represent innovative materials promising for treating severe diseases, including cancer. Due to the unique physical properties of colloidal gold, GNPs have been shown to function as theranostics agents, allowing the diagnosis and treatment of the pathological area simulataneously. In addition, a cationic surface charge of GNPs provides extensive nanoparticle-cell interactions. However, despite the great potential in clinical medicine, various types of GNPs have contradictory results, and the studies dealing with the biological and therapeutic properties of cationic GNPs are inconsistent. This doctoral thesis summarizes the current state of knowledge about the biological properties and medical applications of GNPs focusing specifically on positively charged GNPs. A overview of plasmonic photothermal therapy (PPTT) as a cancer treatment strategy is included. Using a step-by-step research approach, our results then characterize the therapeutic potential of GNPs with a specific shape of nanorods (GNRs) and surface modification with quaternary ammonium salt (QAS). At first, the elementary factors participating in the interaction of cationic GNRs with cells, their transmembrane and intracellular transport, and long-term persistence in cells were described. Subsequently,...
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