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Application for Alignment of DNA Parts
Kašpárek, Tomáš ; Žák, Jakub (referee) ; Rozman, Jaroslav (advisor)
This thesis deals with DNA sequences alignment methods with focus on execution speed of given task and its optimality. The outcome of this thesis results in multiple programs, which presents DNA alignment algorithms and their versions programmed with OpenCL libraries, which are optimized on calculation rate. Text of this thesis apprises reader with DNA alignment problematic and its importance in biology. Further, algorithms for DNA alignment and options of their speed-up using libraries like CUDA or OpenCL are presented.
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Alignment of DNA Parts
Pejř, Václav ; Burgetová, Ivana (referee) ; Rozman, Jaroslav (advisor)
This thesis deals with finding the possibilities within the sphere of alignment of DNA sequences. Based on these findings, the best solution should be found with regard to the quickness of computation and quality of alignment. Following this I intend to implement and thus create a functioning program that will do the alignment. The thesis starts with introducing issues dealing with biology, DNA and genetics. The introduction is followed by a survey of algorithms that are used for alignment, their evaluation and selection of the most appropriate algorithm for the implementation. The thesis also focuses on the usage of parallel programming by means of OpenCL libraries. The alignment is being done above many sequences at the same time, so that the methods how this process can be done and how to reach the best results are being examined.
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Biologist and Philosopher Zdeněk Neubauer. Studies on Intellectual Biography.
Nováková, Lucie ; Hermann, Tomáš (advisor) ; Palouš, Martin (referee) ; Frei, Jan (referee)
Dissertation abstract Biologist a philosopher Zdeněk Neubauer Studies on Intellectual Biography The subject of the dissertation research is the personality and work of the Czech biologist and philosopher Zdeněk Neubauer in contemporary scientific and social contexts, in selected aspects, concentrating mainly on the period from the beginning of his scientific activity to the 1990s. It focuses on his intellectual biography in general, with an attempt to capture, describe and informatively complete those aspects of his work and professional activities where the necessary coherent information has not been available so far. The basic methodology of the thesis is qualitative research with as much critical objectivity as possible. The necessary evaluation and interpretation procedures are subordinated to this basic approach and objectives. The text of the dissertation is divided into ten chapters, which structure Neubauer's life into thematic units. The chapters are partly arranged chronologically, but most of the themes are interwoven throughout the work, so this structure is only ancillary. The breakdown of the chapters is as follows: Childhood, Naples Stay, Serratia Marcescens, Letter on Biology, Paul Ricoeur and the Rehabilitation of the Subject, Spirit and Nature, Clash of Paradigms, and The Science Wars,...
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The Issue of Industrial Wastewater Treatment and its Inclusion in Biology Education
Rychtecká, Karolína ; Skýbová, Jana (advisor) ; Říhová, Dagmar (referee)
The topic of the diploma thesis is "The Issue of Industrial Wastewater Treatment and its Inclusion in Biology Education." The aim of the thesis is to familiarize the reader more deeply with industrial wastewater, to find out how the general population perceives the issue, and specifically to propose and verify in practice how the topic could be included in the teaching of natural history. The work consists of a theoretical and a practical part. The theoretical part of the work is devoted to the definition of industrial wastewater and its composition. It characterizes selected industrial wastewater and treatment processes that are used to remove pollutants in industrial wastewater. It also marginally touches on the topic of water management in the industry. The chapters of the theoretical part also summarize the impact of wastewater pollution in relation to humans and the environment. The work also includes a section dedicated to legislation related to industrial wastewater treatment. The conclusion of the theoretical part of the work is devoted to teaching methods suitable for the inclusion of the issue of industrial wastewater in teaching at secondary schools. The practical part is devoted to own research to find out the perception of the population about the issue of wastewater treatment and...
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Botany Field Trips
Brabcová, Eliška ; Novotný, Petr (advisor) ; Kroufek, Roman (referee)
This bachelor thesis is devoted to the problem of field education in botany. Based on the available international and Czech literature, the thesis points out the current change in the attitude of the academic and lay public towards botany and the related educational implications. It also presents the dichotomy in the concept of field education - the traditional Czech approach of organizing field trips and the Scandinavian model of uteskole. Furthermore, the thesis questions the benefit of the conventional division of the field trip into stages - preparation, realisation and evaluation - in the context of striving for a more regular and conceptual field education. Within the actual implementation of field education in botany, it discusses selected aspects of nature walks, visits to botanical or school gardens. It bases the value of field-based botany education on the positive results of monitoring the achievement of cognitive and affective learning goals. It also emphasizes its importance in the relationship between the teacher and the group of students. At the same time, the thesis takes a critical look at field-based botany education through the general and individual barriers to its realization. In the context of the contemporary world, it focuses on the implementation of digital technologies in...
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Educational Apps in Grammar School Biology
Fousková, Karolína ; Novotný, Petr (advisor) ; Bartáček, Tomáš (referee)
The rapid development of digital technologies is also influencing our view of what the content of education should be and what methods should be used to deliver it. The bachelor thesis focuses on the issue of educational applications in the context of teaching biology. The thesis analyses three types of educational applications that are most specific or potentially beneficial for biology - visualisation, virtual laboratories and interactive textbooks. These types of applications are united by their ability to combine attractiveness to fun with didactic content, thanks to which they can positively influence the learning process of the student. For a broader context, the paper also includes a look at the positives and negatives of digital technologies that can be used for teaching. Despite their many advantages, such as rapid feedback, interactivity, collaboration or individualisation, technologies can cause severe health or psychological problems. These effects can be prevented by correct body positioning during use or parental control. The thesis also addresses the question of what expectations are placed on educational applications and technologies. One of the biggest expectations is the motivation of students for the subject. As biology can be more difficult for some students to understand,...
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Application of the Reading Comprehension Method in the Teaching of Selected Species of Amphibians at Lower Secondary Education
Korečková, Valentýna ; Andreska, Jan (advisor) ; Hanel, Lubomír (referee)
In my diploma thesis I apply the reading comprehension method in the biology and I focus on selected species of amphibians. Understanding the text is a prerequisite for learning from the text, and it is an important part of understanding the world. This is the reason why I use a multidisciplinary approach and I included reading comprehension methods in the teaching of amphibians in elementary school. In my diploma thesis, I made a research which I examine whether students with learning disabilities will be able to understand the text, or whether they will be more successful in a simpler text supplemented with pictures and graphs. Furthermore, I deal with whether teaching with the application of the reading comprehension method will increase students' interest in the discussed topic and whether these students will be more successful in verifying their knowledge than students who were taught using the frontal method. I have chosen methods to achieve the goals which are: a frontal teaching method, teaching with the application of developing reading comprehension, a test in the form of a questionnaire and a semi-structured interview with pupils. It is a mixed research, where I combine qualitative and quantitative research procedures. This research is implemented at a selected elementary school. The...
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Teaching the Topic of Photosynthesis using Aspects of Inquiry-based Learning
Rapantová, Lenka ; Vojíř, Karel (advisor) ; Nejedlý, Adam (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the teaching of photosynthesis in primary school science classes. The aim of the thesis was to validate a teaching program with elements of inquiry- oriented teaching, to find out its effectiveness on the level of knowledge acquired by the pupils of the seventh year at the second grade of the primary school. To investigate the educational effect, an initial pre-test was designed to ascertain the pupils' prior knowledge. Furthermore, the knowledge acquired after the laboratory tasks were carried out was analyzed and verified by an analogous post-test. The premise was that the laboratory activity would motivate the pupils' interest in science and provide a better understanding of photosynthesis, especially its inputs, waste substances and products. Another aim of this thesis was to find out how pupils perceive the attractiveness, value and usefulness of the tutorial after completing it and how they evaluate their efforts in this type of learning. A standardized IMI (Intrinsic Motivation Inventory) questionnaire survey was used to determine the above. The paper describes in detail the different laboratory tasks that were part of the curriculum applied in science classes, as well as the procedures necessary for their implementation and the students' reactions to the...
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Activating Methods in Teaching Human Biology in Lower Secondary Education (ISCED 2) as a Mean of Interdisciplinary Relations of Biology and Physical Education
Burian, Oskar ; Ehler, Edvard (advisor) ; Vančata, Václav (referee)
Objectives: To find basic information and the concept of interdisciplinary teaching and its possible inclusion in lessons. Describe selected activation methods in teaching in general and in teaching human biology. To analyze selected frequently used textbooks for pupils of the 2nd grade of elementary school, containing the topic of the muscular system as a suitable topic for the interdisciplinary connection of biology and physical education in the context of the frequency of impulses for the implementation of physical activities and containing the interdisciplinary connection of the above mentioned subjects. Design and implement the teaching of the muscular system with activation methods and cross-curricular elements and find out what the students' attitude towards it is. Using a knowledge test, compare pupils who have completed activation and interdisciplinary teaching with pupils who have undergone frontal theoretical teaching of the same topic. Methods: Two methods were used for the research investigation. An online questionnaire regarding the attitude of students, created in Google forms, allowing students to comment on the lessons with closed and open questions, with a guarantee of anonymity. The second method of research is a knowledge test, created for the purpose of the thesis, which was...
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Out of School Biology Instruction in Podpořany Region
Kantová, Ludmila ; Skýbová, Jana (advisor) ; Svobodová, Silvie (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with biological excursion of teaching in Podbořany region. This region is able to provide variety of places that are attractive in terms of science education. Excursion routes here can be suitable for pupils of primary and secondary schools and focused on different directions of biology. Particularly, it concerns botany, geology, zoology and ecology. The thesis has a theoretical part, the aim of which is to characterize the natural science excursion as a form of teaching and to describe the basic characteristics of natural science excursions. The practical part deals with the list of regional localities in terms of organizing natural science excursions, processing of proposals for excursions to selected locations with outputs in the form of worksheets and verification of these proposals for excursions in practice. Except of the selected locations characteristics the ideas also contain materials for teachers, which is useful when planning excursions for teachers from nearby schools. Part of the thesis is also a double questionnaire survey. The first focuses on the attitude of teachers in the region to excursion teaching. The aim of the second questionnaire, which was distributed to pupils, was to find out whether the excursion motivated them to a greater interest in natural...
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