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Aboveground litterfall fluxes of selected elements in central European temperate forest
Bašta, Jan ; Oulehle, Filip (advisor) ; Chuman, Tomáš (referee)
5 Abstract Aboveground litterfall is the most important intrasystem flow in the temperate forest ecosystem. It is also the largest input flux to the soil surface for most of the macronutrients (N, P, Ca, Mg, K). However, under Central European conditions, studies on the magnitude of this flux in relation to elemental stocks are lacking. GEOMON Small Forest Catchment Network is used to investigate long-term trends in nutrient cycles in temperate forests of Central Europe and the human influence on them. As part of this network aboveground litterfall collectors were placed in 14 catchments at a total of 19 sites at the end of 2019. Litterfall was then collected bimonthly, weighed and sorted into different fractions. These fractions were analyzed to determine the concentration of the elements of interest. From these values, the fluxes of the elements in the aboveground litterfall were calculated. The observed values were compared with the characteristics of the individual sites and the element budgets in the catchments. The monitored elements can be ranked according to the size of the flux of the element through the aboveground litterfall in relation to other inputs of that element to the soil as follows: C, P, N, Ca, Mg and K. The average amount of aboveground litterfall in the GEOMON network is 4.6...
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Trends in composition of atmospheric precipitation and deposition in Europe
Šimková, Petra ; Hůnová, Iva (advisor) ; Maznová, Jana (referee)
This bachelor thesis describes the historical development of emissions and their associated composition of atmospheric precipitation and atmospheric deposition in Europe. It is the work with review character, which summarizes and evaluates current knowledge of the majority components of atmospheric deposition. It relies particularly on articles and a summary reports of monitoring networks devoted to the large time horizon. At the beginning part of this work are defined the major components of atmospheric deposition. In another part is described composition of atmospheric precipitation, sampling dry and wet deposition and subsequent chemical analysis. The main part is devoted to evaluate the development of emission and sputtering of the main trends of acidifying compounds, and basic cations in Europe. Emission and deposition trends are divided into time periods, which were defined in relation to the development of historical, political or economic situation. Another criterion in the evaluation of trends in the composition of atmospheric precipitation and atmospheric deposition was the State's geographical position within Europe. There are summarized the results of studies on the deposition trends across Europe, but the main attention is devoted to the differences between Western and Eastern Europe...
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Trends in composition of atmospheric precipitation and deposition in Europe
Šimková, Petra ; Hůnová, Iva (advisor) ; Maznová, Jana (referee)
This bachelor thesis describes the historical development of emissions and their associated composition of atmospheric precipitation and atmospheric deposition in Europe. It is the work with review character, which summarizes and evaluates current knowledge of the majority components of atmospheric deposition. It relies particularly on articles and a summary reports of monitoring networks devoted to the large time horizon. At the beginning part of this work are defined the major components of atmospheric deposition. In another part is described composition of atmospheric precipitation, sampling dry and wet deposition and subsequent chemical analysis. The main part is devoted to evaluate the development of emission and sputtering of the main trends of acidifying compounds, and basic cations in Europe. Emission and deposition trends are divided into time periods, which were defined in relation to the development of historical, political or economic situation. Another criterion in the evaluation of trends in the composition of atmospheric precipitation and atmospheric deposition was the State's geographical position within Europe. There are summarized the results of studies on the deposition trends across Europe, but the main attention is devoted to the differences between Western and Eastern Europe...
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The proportion of minerals in the soil of selected layers in the region of Stropnicko
KOTOUSOVÁ, Zdeňka
My work targets the change in content of the organic soil karbon and basic cations in relation to changes of area usage and agricultural management of the chosen special {--} interest places of Stropnicko. In the monitored period from 2001 till 2007, the soil organic mass markedly fell off. The greatest decline was in the forest ecosystem in all researched basins. Decline of organic soil karbon content was also found on permanent grass growth, but it was much less than in the forests. On the contrary mild improvement turns out on the arable land. Next pH value of soil leach was monitored. The greatest change was shown in the forests. The greatest increase of PH value was at the area of Pasecký potok. In other basins, expected Veverský potok, pH value increased too. On the contrary, there is decline of pH value on the permanent grass growth and arable land . There were not statistically great advancements between 2001 and 2007 in the soil mineral reserve, especially of the basic soil cations. The significant decline of sodium is the exception. I have suggested steps that lead to the steady way of farming in the agricultural foothills. I have recommended to increase supplied barnyard manure into arable land, the optimalization of cow units for pasture area and the gradation of the forest communities to deciduous, eventually mixed stands, according to the vegetation levels.
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