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National Repository of Grey Literature 2 records found  Search took 0.01 seconds. 
Reactions of avian predators to automimicry in milkweed bugs (Heteroptera: Lygaeidae):
 Stránská, Anna ; Exnerová, Alice (advisor) ; Baňař, Petr (referee)
Automimicry, or intraspecific variation in defence mechanisms in aposematic prey, is very common in nature. Especially in chemically protected prey. This study contains two experiments. The first experiment investigated the reaction of naive predators, which were Great tits (Parus major), to automimetic prey. The prey was the black-and-red-bug (Lygaeus equestris). The tits were divided into three experimental groups and each group was presented with three bugs that were fed on an artificial diet with different amounts of cardenolides. The control group was presented with prey that had no cardenolides in the diet. The group tested with the low concentration received bugs that fed on a diet with a low concentration of cardenolides and the group tested with the high concentration received bugs that fed on a diet with a high concentration of cardenolides. In a generalization test, all groups were then offered a single firebug (Pyrrhocoris apterus). It was found that the group tested with the high concentration experienced a higher rate of aversive learning. This group also killed and consumed fewer firebugs than the other two groups. The group tested with high concentration generalized most to novel red-and-black prey because they were least likely to attack the firebug. The second experiment tested...
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Automimicry-intraspecific variation in antipredatory defences
 Stránská, Anna ; Exnerová, Alice (advisor) ; Šulc, Michal (referee)
Aposematic prey is characterized by the fact that individuals are warningly-coloured and unpalatable to predators. However, variability in antipredator defence may occur within one species. The presence of intraspecific variation in antipredator defences is called automimicry. Automimics can be palatable or have a different level of quantity or quality of chemical defence. One of the ways through which the variability arises is for instance consumption of specific plants which defence against predators by means of sequestration. Intraspecific variation in antipredator defence affects the behaviour of predators that can distinguish between palatable of unpalatable prey. Chemical defence is costly for unpalatable individuals. Palatable individuals on the other hand save much energy by simply resembling unpalatable individuals of the same species.
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