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Biodostupnost rtuti ve vysoce kontaminovaných půdách a její přestup do hub
Bártová, Veronika
This diploma thesis deals with bioavailability of mercury in high contaminated soils collected in the Jedová hora in the Brdská vrchovina and their change to mushrooms. Theoretical part deals with parameters of mercury, its toxicity and appearance in Environment with focus on mercury content in the soil and change of mercury to the biota (to mushrooms and mosses). In practical part was summarized own analysis of mercury assessment with assistance of dedicated atomic absorption spectrometer AMA 254 and mobile form of mercury by technology of diffuse gradient in thin film - DGT. Average amount of mercury in collected samples of the soil moved between 1,25 +/- 0,01 mg.kg-1 - 276,18 +/- 0,09 mg.kg-1. From the soil to the soil solution passed only 0,01 - 0,09 % of mercury. From the soil solution was for DGT units, therefore for biota, available only 0,10 - 4,47 % of mercury. The mercury content in the soil solution (r = 0,861) and mobile forms of mercury (r = 0,980) in the soils significantly correlated with the total mercury content in soils and also with the total sulphur content in the soils (r = 0,931). The highest concentration of mercury in mushrooms was detected in dry matter of Holubinka sesterská (Russula sororia Fr.) 12,490 +/- 2,439 mg.kg-1 and highest concentration of mercury in mosses was measured in dry matter of Ploník ztenčený (Polytrichum formosum) 0,420 +/- 0,111 mg.kg-1.
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Stanovení mobilních forem rtuti v půdách pomocí techniky difúzního gradientu v tenkém filmu
Zouharová, Iveta
The diploma thesis deals with the determination of mobile forms of mercury using the technology of diffusion gradient in thin-film. The theoretical part deals with the occurrence of chemical forms of mercury in the environment, mercury effects on plants and methods of determination of mercury's mobile forms. In the practical part, the accumulation of mercury from soils into various organs of garden pea (Pisum sativum L.) was observed. Soil samples were taken in Brno, in streets Opuštěná and Zvonařka. The contents of mercury in soils ranged from 0,32618 +- 0,02493 mg.kg-1 to 0,08382 +- 0,00255 mg.kg-1. Only 0,15 - 0,20 % of the mercury passed from the soil into the soil solution. Only 2,21 to 3,45 % of mercury was available for the soil solution for DGT units and therefore also for the plants. The mercury content in the soil influenced the amount of mercury in the garden pea. The highest concentrations of mercury were detected in the leaves and roots, the lowest concentrations were in the consumed parts of garden pea. The significant correlations were found out between the content of mercury's mobile forms provided by DGT method and the mercury content in roots, leaves and stem of garden pea (correlation coefficients from 0,913 to 0,984). Simulation of acid rains did not demonstrate the raise of mercury's mobility relating to the increase of the acidification of the soil.
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