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Změna tvaru nožní klenby u kojenců a její vliv na kvalitu opory
MÁLKOVÁ, Renata
Nowadays, it is modern to treat young children as if they are adults, even if they are not ready for lots of things in many different ways. Parents dress them into jeans, they put them into shoes, they try to learn them how to stand before their body is even prepared for it. All of these things can cause lots of problems in the future without the parents even knowing. Foot developement is from the ontogenetic point of view a really individual thing and it has a link to psychomotor developement of the individual. The first aim of the study is to describe the change of the arch of the foot in the infant age. The second one is to describe some physiotherapeutic methods suitable for influencing of the quality of support in the infant age with using some case studies and reports. The theoretical part includes the anatomy of the foot and a short summary of developmental ontogenesis in the infant age. It also describes some congenital abnormalities and some therapeutic methods that could be used. In the practical part of this thesis, qualitative research was used, namely case studies in the form of case reports. Some children in the infant age were selected for this research. All those children were diagnosed with late psychomotor development and we expected, that their developement will have some impact on the quality of support. With all the infants included into the practical part of this thesis we saw the improvement of their psychomotor developement and also the improvement of the quality of support at the end of our study. Each of the children needed their own time to improve and to take the next step in their developement. Our therapeutic intervention really helped all the patients to improve.
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Comparison of selected parameters of function and shape of the foot in volleyball and beach volleyball women players
Albrechtová, Alice ; Satrapová, Lenka (advisor) ; Novotná, Irena (referee)
Title Comparison of selected parameters of function and shape of the foot in volleyball and beach volleyball women players Objectives The goal of this thesis is to find out if there are differences in chosen parameters for competitively playing volleyball and beach volleyball women players. Compare the influence of the sports footwear and hard surface court on the shape and function of the foot with the bare foot on the sand in technically similar sports. Methods The research involved 10 women playing volleyball and 10 women playing beach volleyball. All the players were 19 - 34 years old and all were regularly playing at competitive level. Selected monitored parameters were the quality of perception of sensation in the foot, foot arch shape evaluated by using plantogram and examination postural stability by using the Véle test. The test results were evaluated in both sports separately and then compared with each other. Results The results of this thesis show better readings in all investigated tests in both lower limbs at beach volleyball women players. Only in the case of the shape of the foot arch test on the left foot was the result statistically significant. Other selected parameters in shape and function of beach volleyball women players feet did not show plausible statistical difference....
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Affecting the flat foot in children with Down syndrome
NOVOTNÁ, Gabriela
This bachelor thesis deals with one of the most common problems, from which the people with Down syndrome suffer flat foot. Flat foot appears along with this illness more often than with healthy population. This fact is given by the presence of excessive amount of collagen type VI, also by generalised low muscle tone (hypotonia) and hypermobility. Human foot is a very important part of the musculoskeletal system and performs statical, as well as dynamical function. The sole is capable of kindly taking to the terrain on which it moves. The foot ensures the stability of the either standing or moving body, moreover it is source of proprioceptive information from minor planta. To perform these functions, it is necessary that arch of the foot is properly created, to centre stance of joints of the foot be set and no other deformations be present. Many information about the treatment of healthy children for flat foot can be found in professional literature, but unfortunately no information about the treatment of children with such genetical burden so far. Many opinions about the flat foot treatment occur among the professional community, next to starting active exercise it is often recommended to wait with the treatment till further age or use only passive orthopaedical tools. This thesis aims to bring closer the possibilities of the flat foot treatment of children with Down syndrome. In the theoretical part, the Down syndrome is described, its cause of creation and characteristics. Attention is given to signs of the disease on the musculoskeletal system. Moreover, the theoretical part discusses the human foot, its anatomy, kinesiology, its functions and most common deformity flat foot. The diagnostics of the flat foot is described as well the Chippaux - Šmiřák method. The practical part of the thesis is carried out by casuistries with the help of qualitative research. The research set consists of three children with Down syndrome, two girls aged 11 and 8 and one boy aged 5. The therapy was carried out during 5 months. Once in 14 days the children came with their parents to Centre Arpida in České Budějovice for the therapy lead by me, and the children should then exercise daily at home with the help of their parents. At the beginning of the therapy, an entering kinesiological examination was done, footprints were made, as well as examination of standing with the help of dynamical pavement Zebris at the Rehabilitation department of Hospital České Budějovice, a.s. At the end of the therapy, this examination was carried out again and the occurring changes were described.
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The influence of flat feet onto the posture of children at school age
ŤUPOVÁ, Jana
The bachelor thesis is describing problems of the impact of flat feet on school age children´s posture. The foot is the organ that allows contact with the terrain. In case it´s functional component is changed pathologically to some extent, it fails to work properly and can change the whole posture of particular individual in pathological way. Flat feet is a condition of foot when the arch of the foot flattened partly or completely. Arch of the foot enables us flexible treading contact and is defined with three support points: calcaneus and the heads of the first and the fifth metatarsals. They develop and change during one´s lifetime. The appearance of flat feet during the first two years of life is considered as a physiological condition. The appearance of the flat feet later in childhood is viewed as a deformity and needs more examinations and some therapy. Some studies showed that early treatment of flat feet can prevent later unwanted manifestations, and that is why flat feet in children should not be underestimated. Flat feet in children is the most often cause for the visit at a doctor. Children´s flat feet is the topic that needs to be very often consulted at any level of the health care. It is not completely clear, when the foot is still considered as physiologically flat without any pathological cause and when it is considered as pathological flat feet. The purpose of the thesis was to describe links between flat feet and posture. The foot is the key area for motor system and that is why its disorder or malfunction can become the cause and also the consequence of chain functional disorders. That is the reason why the foot area should not be disregarded. Another goal was to suggest exercise units and search out appropriate exercises concerning described problems. Exercise unit was designed individually for each participant according to one´s needs. The first exercise unit has been modified gradually according to participants´ skills to master the exercise. The modification was however essential to keep children´s attention up during the therapy. The thesis consists of the theoretical and practical sections. The practical section contains information about the foot from anatomical, neurological, and kinesiological view and its pathology that is affecting posture. The therapy lasted 10 weeks, children have been exercising from ten to fifteen minutes a day with supervision of parents who were instructed about the exercise, and twice a week individually, under my supervision, and also in parents´ present. The investigation was carried out using interview with parents and children, and also using kinesiological analysis. There was carried out entry and exit assessments in children´s group. They were used to determine proper therapy at the start and also for the conclusion from results at the end. For each participant was designed proper therapy according to one´s needs. The goal of physiotherapy was determined as well as recommended certain type of exercise and proper exercise activity for all children in long time horizon. Our findings showed that proper therapy in children with flat feet can positively influence whole posture. When the entry and exit examinations were compared, we found that there was found greater range of ankle joint motion, positive change in flat feet condition, better body control, the change of breathing mechanics, and also participants´ personal view of better self body control. I have chosen the topic to bring closer problems of flat feet affecting body control in children. The foot area is an integral part of our body. When the arches of foot flatten, position of whole lower limb in joints and complete body posture is negatively affected.
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Physiotherapy in children and youth with poor posture and flat
SLAVÍČKOVÁ, Zuzana
Body posture is the picture of the life attitude. Therefore, an incorrect body posture is the speech of the body that is frequently the first one to warn us against future health troubles. There are a large number of causes of the incorrect body posture. It may be for instance stress, lack of movement, but also various deformities of legs. In my thesis I chose the pes planovagus as a possible diagnosis. Pes planovalgus, or flat foot, is one of the most frequent diagnoses occurring in the orthopaedic practice. This happens despite the fact that almost 99 per cent of children are born with healthy feet. Almost a third of these children come to the first class with feet damaged in various ways as a result of a bad life style. The objective of this thesis, in the theoretical part, was to process up-to-date information related to the diagnostic and therapeutic procedures in children suffering from pes planovalgus. In the practical part, I focused on drawing up the casuistry of patients with this diagnosis. The theoretical part describes the actual disease, its clinical demonstrations, causes of origin and especially its impact. Emphasis was put on prevention of this deformity and related consequences. The theoretical part explains key words associated with this thesis: functional muscle chains, gait, arch of the foot, foot, pes planovalgus, prevention, rehabilitation. Qualitative research method - case study was used for the practical part of the bachelor thesis. The research was conducted in the rehabilitation department of the District Hospital in Tábor, a.s. The tested set was made up of two testees with the flat foot diagnosis with the valgus position of the foot and incorrect body posture. Neither of the two testees was diagnosed as having a neurologic or eye illness. The objective of the research was to find out the influence of the pes planovalgus on the overall body posture and possibilities of influencing it. The results are drawn up in the form of casuistry. In the patients observed, the body posture, gait mechanism and, in general, the function of the foot improved. Both patients stated that pains have disappeared and the performance of the feet, especially in sports, has improved. The thesis contains a proposal of effective therapy of pes planovalgus at the child age, which may be beneficial for physiotherapists working with child patients. Further, the thesis may be used for the education of college students studying medicine branches, or it may serve as a source of information for the general public.
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