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Influence of the intensity of begging on the rate of predation in the common sandpiper and common cuckoo
ČAPEK, Jan
In this research, I examined whether the louder calls of the common cuckoo (Cuculus canorus), a nest parasite, would increase the rate of predation on the nest of the red-backed shrike (Lanius collurio), whose nestlings call at a lower volume. The experiment was conducted during both the nesting season of the red-backed shrike, primarily in June, and in the autumn of 2023. During the spring trials, nests were situated within bushes, whereas in the autumn trials, they were positioned on the ground. Each experiment involved three nests, each subjected to a distinct audio recording: one featuring the vocalizations of a young common cuckoo, another with those of nestlings of the red-backed shrike, and a third serving as a silent control. Predation rates were assessed across these nests to determine whether certain recordings elicited higher predation rates compared to others.
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Predators and antipredator defence of Auchenorrhyncha (Hemiptera)
Zeman, Šimon ; Raška, Jan (advisor) ; Michalko, Radek (referee)
Auchenorrhyncha are one of the species-richest groups of hemimetabolous insects. They feed mostly on plant sap and play an important role in food webs of various ecosystems; for humans, they are important mainly as pests of several crops. Because of their occurrence in many habitats, they are often preyed upon by number of predators, including both vertebrates and invertebrates. However, Auchenorrhyncha implement various anti-predator defences to avoid it. This thesis summarizes available information about predation of Auchenorrhyncha and shortly deals with hunting behaviour of selected predators. In the second part, anti-predatory strategies and their occurrence in different Auchenorrhyncha groups are summarized. Furthermore, potential predators affected by those defences are discussed.
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Varovná vokalizace pěnice vlašské (\kur{Sylvia nisoria})
SÝKOROVÁ, Jana
Alarm calls are one of the essential components of antipredator behaviour in birds. In this study I recorded and analysed alarm responses of the barred warbler (Sylvia nisoria) to different mounts of avian predators and nonpredators. The information about danger is encoded through graded structure in its unspecific alarm call type.
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Antipredační chování pěnice vlašské (\kur{Sylvia nisoria})
BURŠÍKOVÁ, Markéta
My study was aimed to describe the antipredator behaviour of Barred Warbler against five avian mounted dummies differing in the level of threat they represent for the Barred Warbler: Eurasian Sparrowhawk (Accipiter nisus), Eurasian Jay (Garrulus glandarius), Black-billed Magpie (Pica pica), Red-backed Shrike (Lanius collurio), and Domastic Pigeon (Columba livia f. domestica) using the experiments carried in the vicinity of the nests with fledglings of Barred Warbler. The next goal of my study was to discover the relationship between the Barred Warbler and the Red-backed Shrike nesting together.
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Antipredation behaviour of the Red-Backed Shrike (\kur{Lanius collurio}) against corvids
NĚMEC, Michal
In previous studies with stuffed dummies, we found interesting difference in nest defence of Red-Backed Shrike (Lanius collurio) against two similar nest predators: Jay (Garrulus glandarius) and Magpie (Pica pica). Jay was attacked very intensively, whereas Magpie almost wasn´t hited and Shrikes seemed to keep in cover. Here, I describe the antipredation behavior of the Red Backed Shrike against another stuffed corvids presented closely to Shrikes nests: Jay (Garrulus glandarius), Common Nutcracker (Nucifraga caryocatactes), Rook (Corvus frugilegus), Crow (Corvus corone) and Raven (Corvus corax). I found Jay and Nutcracker to be attacked by Shrikes very strongly, whereas Rook, Crow and Raven were attacked rarely (Shrikes only flied around them or sit at a distance, watching the dummy, sometimes accompanied with alarm-calls). Shrikes response is affected mainly by kind of predator, by age of youngs and by quality of concealment of nest. More - www.mn.ic.cz
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