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Methods for diagnosing SARS-CoV-2 virus
HELMICHOVÁ, Eva
This bachelor thesis deals with the study of SARS-CoV-2 virus diagnostics. It is an RNA coronavirus that causes COVID-19. It was discovered in late 2019 in China and then the disease spread around the world. This disease is manifested by severe cough, loss of taste and smell. In worse cases, it manifests as pneumonia.Diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 virus is performed using PCR assays, antigenic assays, and antibody assays. Examination with antigenic tests is intended for rapid screening for the presence of the virus. The test for the detection of antibodies is suitable for verifying the disease, or we find out the effectiveness of vaccination and resistance to it. These samples are obtained by swabbing the nasopharynx, mouth from saliva or blood. Sampling should be correct and thorough for SARS-CoV-2 virus analysis.The PCR method is considered to be the most reliable method for diagnosing SARS-CoV-2 virus. The method allows us to detect the virus on the basis of known sequences and, using suitable primers, the individual variants of the viruses are distinguished. Morphology, diagnostics of SARS-CoV-2 virus and PCR methodology with precise primer design for SARS-CoV-2 detection are presented in this work. Using software a comparison of SARS-CoV-2 genomes in a given mutated region and selected sites in which they differ from each other is performed.
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