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Selection of meat and meat products
Staňková, Helena ; Kudlová, Eva (advisor) ; Bušová, Milena (referee)
Meat and processed meat belong to the most discussed topic regarding an impact on human health. In 2016 IARC classified processed meat as a carcinogenic to humans class 1 and red meat as an probably carcinogenic to humans class 2A. Nowadays, there is a wide offer of processed meat, therefore it is necessary to choose thoroughly. The aim of this thesis was to provide a research of a nutrition composition of meat and processed meat regarding an impact of consumption on human health particulary in connection with IARC classification and put information into a context of dietary guidelines. Results showed that studies regarding the consumption of meat and processed meat and the possible impact on human health vary and the results are often contradictory. Moreover, the studies discussing a negative impact of meat consumption on human health are not metodologically consistent. Consequently, those facts make the view on the discussed issue way more unclear. This thesis also contains a frequency questionnaire designed for students of colleges in Prague. Accordingly, the aim of the practical part was to find out a frequency of consumption of food mentioned above along with an ascertainment of preferences of selection. The results showed that the majority of respondents chooses processed meat according to the quality...
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Anemia in Intensive Care from the Perspective of a Nurse
Dubická, Zuzana ; Brixiová, Simona (advisor) ; Hrabánková-Navrátilová, Darja (referee)
v AJ: This thesis deals with the subject of anemia. The theoretical part of the Master's thesis is concerned with an overview of the well-known types of anemia, their etiology, diagnostics, symptoms and treatment. The practical part observes the awareness of the issue within the non-medical sanitary staff working at the intensive care units without professional supervision. The data will be collected in the form of structured questionnaires filled by a selected group of respondents. The thesis is, in the outcome, an educational material that can be used for comprehensive understanding of this issue in the adaptation process. The results of the research will be processed into tables with graphs. They will be summarized in the discussion as well as in the conclusion.
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Blood count changes in chronic ill patients and their laboratory processing
VÁVROVÁ, Michala
In my bachelor´s thesis I deal with anaemia of chronic disease (ACD), which is the sekond most common anaemia after anaemia from iron deficiency and usually it accompanies chronic inflammatory, infectious or even autoimmune diseases. I describe anaemia in general terms, because it´s a very common disease, in the theoretical part. I also deal with disorders of iron metabolism and it is correct functioning in the organism, diagnosis, causes, treatment and new therapeutic approaches of ACD. I devote a particular attention to patients, who have anaemia of chronic kidney disease. It is one of the most common diseases, which anaemia accompanies and in the last decade it has been the subject of intense study. I devote to analysis data in the practical part. At first, I investigated the blood cell counts of 30 patients with ACD using the hematology analyzer CELL-DYN Ruby in the laboratory STAFILA, spol. s. r. o. České Budějovice for the period June 2016 to April 2017. Next I dealt with cell blood count with parameters: the number of erythrocytes (RBC), the amount of hemoglobin (HGB), a medium volume (MCV) and distribution width of erythrocytes (RDW), because they are associated with ACD. I observed that ACD is most found at the patients in the age group over 70 years, which included mostly women and according to the calculated average age of both sexes, the disease appears a little earlier at woman. Almost all patients had low levels of RBC and HGB. I´ve identified the severity of anaemia according to HGB levels. Most patients had mild anaemia and the least patients severe one. I observed according to the average values of Hb for each age category. I observed that the value of Hb decreases with increasing age. The majority of patients had according to the value of MCV normocytic anaemia and according to the value of RDW heterogeneous population of erythrocytes more occured more at the men. I compared my results with the studies and comfirmed that it really is ACD.
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The importance and methods of measuring hematocrit and hemoglobin in pre-hospital emergency care
PEŠL, Stanislav
This bachelor thesis is called: "The importance and methods of measuring hematocrit and hemoglobin in pre-hospital emergency care". There has been recent progress in technologies which allows to measure various laboratory values by small portable systems. These values can be Hb and Ht, measuring of these values is not standard in pre-hospital medical care in Czech Republic. It is the reason why this thesis deals with possibility of its implementation. The theoretical part deals with composition and physiology of hemoglobin and associated diseases such as anemia and polyglobulia. It also contains the issue of diagnostics, guidelines of physical examination procedures as well as description of what should be focus on when one is gathering case history. There are also provided facts and information about portable measuring systems, their measuring methods and overview of systems which are available in Czech Republic. There was conducted a qualitative research and was presented in practical part of this bachelor thesis. Collection of data was based on technique of standardized anonymous questionnaire which included only structured answers. The paramedics of Emergency medical services of South Bohemia region were the respondents. The research took place in March 2014 and 54 respondents anticipated in it. There were stated two aims in this bachelor thesis. The heart of first aim was to find out whether the paramedics are able to use values of hematocrit and hemoglobin to diagnose a patient. The second aim was to map paramedics' attitude to measuring values of hematocrit and hemoglobin within emergency medical service. There were also stated hypothesis which expressed the expectations that paramedic are able to use values of hematocrit and hemoglobin and they are interested in and enthusiastic about measuring hematocrit and hemoglobin within pre-hospital emergency care. From data, which were collected and analyzed in the practical part, it is obvious, that paramedics do have satisfactory amount of skills and knowledge which are absolutely necessary for diagnosing a patient by using values of hemoglobin and hematocrit. Contrary to the fact that paramedics have certain knowledge about benefits which would measuring values of hemoglobin and hematocrit brought they do not believe that portable measuring systems would be efficient in pre-hospital emergency care and they are not interested in using them.
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The metabolic profile of the milch cow of holstein breed in the period of lactation
HORČIČKOVÁ, Michaela
Diploma work was concentrated on the evaluation of two metabolic profiles on the milch cows of Holstein breed on the basic of compilated nutritive rations for individual phases of lactation. The metabolic tests were evaluated in the milch cows in the period of making cow milk, the top of lactation and the second phase of lactation. The balance of nutriments was counted out in the nutritive rations. The haemotological and biochemical parameters, macromineral and urinary profiles were evaluated in the metabolic profiles. The work in the both metabolic profiles evidenced the reduced number of erythrocytes which can be connected with the occurence of anaemia. In the period of the top of lactation it is possible to speculate about an energetical deficit with regard to the low content of triacylglycerols. In the profile tests the presence of ketone bodies substances in urine was found out in the period of making cow milk. This finding connects with the negative energetic balance that occurrs in the course of the first two months after calving. Within of mineral profile an attention should be paid to especially the content of calcium, which was reduced in the both profiles. In comparison with the profiles perfomed in 2011 we find out that reached modifications of the nutrive ration and the increase in the content of main nutriments, which shoved in the milch cows by improvement of metabolic effects. Neverthless in breeding of the milch cows the increased emphasis should be put on the period of making cow milk and the recommendation for prevention from anaemia or other disorders is carrying out of the selective metabolic test.
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Toxic hemolytic anemias.
ZEMANOVÁ, Vendula
This thesis deals with toxic hemolytic anemias which are often unheeded. There are described laboratory signs of hemolytic anemias, their dividing into the various groups and it focuses mainly to toxic and drug-related hemolytic anemias and their causations.
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Qualitative parameters of erythrocytes in selected animal species
BÖHMOVÁ, Václava
The goal of the thesis is to evaluate the haematologic indicators of red blood cells depending to the physiological condition and yield of cattle, sheep and dogs. The evaluation of qualitative parameters of red blood cells included 59 dairy cows, 57 meat cows, 62 sheep and 73 dogs. The evaluation of the haematologic parameters of cattle was performed based on the production (yield) type and by season; that of sheep, by season, age and sex of lambs; and that of dogs, by sex, age and size - weight. The yield types showed statistically significant difference between the number or erythrocytes, haematocrit, haemoglobin, MCV and MCH concentration. The dairy cows showed seasonal fluctuations of the number of erythrocytes, haematocrit and haemoglobin; the meat cows showed fluctuations of the haemoglobin, MCH and MCHC values. The age influenced higher values of erythrocytes in sheep and lower values of MCV and MCH in lambs. The sex of lambs did not lead to significant differences. The evaluation of dogs by age showed differences of haematocrit and haemoglobin values. The dog size (weight) and the sex did not have demonstrable influence on haematologic values. Anaemia was found in 36 % dairy cows (it did not occur in meat cattle) and in 2 sheep (3 %). By most authors, anaemia was not found in dogs.
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