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Screening of diabetes mellitus in pregnancy by oral glucose tolerance test.
HAUSEROVÁ, Ivana
The theme of bachelors thesis is screening of diabetes mellitus in pregnancy by laboratory examination of oral glucose tolerance test. The introductory part is devoted to the history, the definition of diabetes, causes of disease, complications, diagnosis, treatment, and even the importance of this test for pregnant women. Currently, testing is performed on all pregnant women at 24th 28th week of pregnancy. The exception are women who are found in at least two risk factors in history: family history of diabetes, fetal birth weight greater than 4000 g, obesity, diabetes mellitus in previous pregnancies, the presence of sugar in the urine (glycosuria), previous stillbirth, hypertension or preeclampsia in previous pregnancies, recurrent miscarriages. Those women are considered as high risk and oral glucose tolerance test is done as soon as possible in the first trimester. The practical part is focused on the implementation of oral glucose tolerance test and includes pre-analytical, analytical and postanalytical stage. Here I am trying to identify possible mistakes in the laboratory setting in all its phases. This section includes the results of measurements between 26 January 2011 and 24 April 2011 in a clinical laboratory Tabor There were 108 examined women. In this measurement I found out the number of women with gestational diabetes mellitus and compared it with the available literature. The measurement of blood glucose was carried out on biochemical ADVIA 1800 Chemistry Systems from Siemens. The principle of the method is Trinders reactions with glucose oxidase. Glucose is determined after enzymatic oxidation in the presence of glucose oxidase. The generated hydrogen peroxide reacts with peroxidase catalyzed the phenol and 4-aminophenazone, and thereby forming a reddish-purple as an indicator dye, whose concentration is determined photometrically. Wavelength measurements 505/694nm. The intensity of the resulting compound is directly proportional to glucose concentration. To answer the research question, what is the relationship between the number of risk factos and the number of captured women with gestational diabetes mellitus in the selected file, I used printed questionnaire, where I examined the representation of individual risk factors. These important faeks I had put to clearly chart. The questionnaire filled my clients during the time that they spent in the examination of oGTT in the waiting room KLT.
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