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The specifics of nursing care in a stroke patient in the context of acute care
FALADOVÁ, Martina
Acute care for patients with a stroke is constantly changing and developing to the best possible outcome of the health status of patients who have suffered. The patient is often affected suddenly and in full health. This work is focused on the specifics of acute care for a patient with a stroke in context of acute care. The theoretical part of the bachelor's thesis contains basic information about stroke and the specifics of nursing care for patients with this desease. In the empirical part, the aim of the work was set, namely to map the specifics of nursing care for patients with stroke from the point of view of acute care. We decided on a qualitative form of research to satisfy the aim of the work. A combinations of semi - structured interview method and participatory covert observation was used to collect data. As a research group, we chose general, university-educated nurses and specialized nurses who work in hospital facilities. The interview and half of the covert observation were attended by general nurses who work in the anaesthesiology and resuscitation department, under which the cerebrovascular center is also provided. In the second half of the observations of patients moving to the intermediate bed of the neurolog department, where the following care was provided by other nurses. Data collection for the empirical part of the bachelor's thesis took place in February, then at the turn of April amd May after the end of the state of emergency in the Czech Republic. The results of the research show the role of general nurse, who treats patients with stroke in the acute and postacute phase, as well as the specifics of pre - hospital care in these patients. The use of the mentioned research methods helped us to compare the information provided by the interview nurses and the actions they took during the observation.
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Emergency vascular acces in pediatric patients
Dvořák, Vít ; Sentivanová, Lenka (advisor) ; Hocková, Jana (referee)
Vascular access in pediatric emergency patients is essential with no doubt. This thesis is based on many scientific publications and studies focused on intravenous and intraoseal access and their aplication in pediatric emergency patients undergoing pre-hospital or hospital treatment. First part is theoretical and is concerned about technique of insertion and post-procedure care. The next part is about comparing different techniques and their successful inserting for the first attempt. The last part is aimed at research with predefined goals. The main goal of this thesis is to give a summary of available knowledge about the peripheral intravenous access and intraoseal access in pediatric emergency patients. The research is aimed at selected group of respondents and their knowledge of techniques and treating of intravenous and intraoseal access. The last goal is to find out which access is preferable in sudden cardiac arrest in children. Data obtained from different groups of respondents approved that none of the groups have sufficient knowledge in inserting and carrying the intravenous and intraoseal access in pediatric emergency patients. In an analysis of data the best results gain paramedics. The majority of respondents would prefer intravenous access in case of sudden cardiac arrest. As a...
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Comparison of wound healing management in acute and follow-up care
ŠTEFFLOVÁ, Veronika
Thesis objectives: The thesis deals with the comparison of wound healing management in acute and subsequent care. The theoretical part presents the knowledge of acute and chronic wounds, wound healing and their phases. Furthermore, the thesis deals with methods of wound treatment. The last chapter of the theoretical part deals with management and the role of a nurse in caring for a patient with a wound. In the empirical part, the first goal was to find out whether nurses from the Hradec Králové Region hospitals know the division and types of wounds. The second goal was to map out the possibilities for nurses to heal wounds. Another aim was to compare the differences between wound healing in acute and subsequent care. The fourth goal mapped the knowledge of nurses about wound healing materials. The following aim was to find out which materials for wound care are available at the hospital of the Hradec Králové Region. The sixth goal was to compare the economic and time-consuming wound healing at the acute and aftercare departments. The last goal of the thesis is to elaborate a seminar within the framework of lifelong education of general nurses on the topic of effective wound healing. Five hypotheses and two research questions were formulated to meet the goals of the thesis. Method for achieving the objectives: The set goals were achieved through quantitative questionnaire research and qualitative observation and interview research, which were chosen to complement the results. The sample included general nurses working in the internal department, the surgical department, the intensive care unit, the anesthesiology-resuscitation department and the aftercare departments in the hospitals of the Hradec Králové region. The total number of respondents was 120. Scientific benefits of the thesis: Overall research shows that nurses have sufficient knowledge of wounds and their treatment, but deficiencies in some areas are still evident. Furthermore, the research shows that nurses do not have enough therapeutic material to work on their workplaces. The interviewed group of general nurses said they think that modern dressing materials have a positive effect on wound healing. The results of the work can be used for practice, in hospital and other health care facilities to improve wound healing. The findings and conclusions: In the tracked file, we verified that the length of treatment of wounds on beds of acute and subsequent care differs (p = 0.002); the results show that the average time of wound dressing is prolonged in subsequent care. Conversely, the availability of dressing materials in the respective departments did not differ (p = 0.159). Furthermore, we found that the economic intensity of the after-care beds is lower, despite the fact that more wound dressings are done than in the acute care.
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Safety and health protection in the work of nurses at an acute care department
SVOBODOVÁ, Helena
The thesis dealing with the occupational safety and health protection for acute care department nurses had three goals. The first goal was to map the specifics of health protection and safety at work for acute care department nurses. The second goal was to ascertain the most frequent occurrence of failures to adhere to the H&S rules. The third goal was to find out whether the duration of the practice and the level of education affect the H&S knowledge among nurses. Qualitative as well as quantitative research was applied to the ascertainment of the answers to the prepared questions. When the two kinds of research had been set it was necessary to set research questions and hypotheses. The method of hidden observation of nurses working at an anaesthesiology and resuscitation department was applied within the qualitative research. Ten nurses were observed. The method of questionnaire survey sent through the Internet was used to obtain the quantitative results. Surprisingly, two hundred and forty respondents replied to the questionnaire. To confirm the hypotheses a statistical processing was carried out, which confirmed or refuted the significance level of the individual questions and replies. The asset of this work and of a part of its results is a finding that nurses from an anaesthesiology and resuscitation department are aware of the necessity of the adherence to the H&S rules and instructions, which protects their health, but they fail to do it in practice. This is why the results of this thesis might stimulate further solutions. The thesis also contains a proposal how to deal with complicated situations. All solutions are however completely individual and depend on the internal and further rules set by the hospital management.
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Analysis of health care financing in the Pardubice region
Kuglerová, Kateřina ; Peková, Jitka (advisor) ; Vondráček, Jan (referee)
At present, the promotion of health in significant changes. In my work I try to find out how the financing of health care facilities, respectively. hospitals in the Czech Republic, especially in the Pardubice region. The work shows how to manage individual county hospital and the problems they face. To fulfill its objective, it is used the most recent literature, legislation and financial statements hospitals. The main contribution of this work is a complete analysis of five acute care hospitals in the Region, as yet arisen document, which would thus comprehensively evaluate the economic situation of hospital care in this region. Based on the findings is then in the final part of the thesis evaluates the real state management of five acute care hospitals. Outlines the major problems in hospitals and nejich possible solution.
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The problems of the central venosus catheter in the point of view of a nurse and a patient
KOVÁŘOVÁ, Miroslava
At present, nurses working in the acute medicine often meet patients who have had introduced a central venous catheter. In the acute medicine this catheter is essential for its wide-spread utilization. It also needs an intensive nursing care due to its invasiveness and an easy importation of an infection. Every hospital has its own standards developed for its treatment as well as successes in a prevention of the catheter infection. The patients often perceive an introduction of the central venous catheter as an inconvenience and they do not understand restrictions which are necessary when the catheter is going to be introduced. An aim of the bachelor thesis was to determine the problems that nursing staff meet in the care of the central venous catheter, which methods they use in the prevention of the infection and what are the feelings of patients with the introduced central venous catheter. In order to achieve the defined aims a qualitative method of a semi-structured interview was used. Interviews were made with nurses working in intensive care wards and in departments of anaesthesiology and resuscitation and a semi-structured interview with the patients who have had an experience with the inserted central venous catheter as well. Results were described in the interviews and interesting facts were entered into tables. The research showed that a frequent problem for nurses was the infection. Another finding showed that nurses have used available means to prevent an onset of the infection and they followed the nursing care standards while taking care of the central venous catheter. The interviews with the patients showed that they had perceived problems especially with a re-bandage of the central venous catheter.
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The employment of medical assistants in acute nursing care
JIRÁKOVÁ, Marcela
The thesis is aimed at to what extent nursing assistants are used for providing acute nursing care and whether nursing assistants are interested in providing nursing care, and, in addition, it focuses on what the attitude of the management to employ nursing assistants is. Moreover, it deals with the historical development of the nursing education until today and with the impact on education of non-medical staff after the Czech Republic joined the European Union. It deals with legislation and decrees in force laying down conditions of work of non-medical staff {--} defining professions and their members, defining the scope of work (primary, secondary, tertiary care), defining requirements for obtaining a certificate of professional competence, defining lifelong learning, defining job competences etc. The aim of the bachelor thesis was to find out how much the services of nursing assistants are used in acute nursing care and whether they are interested in working in this area. The instrument for gaining these targets was the quantitative method in a form of a questionnaire intended for the pupils in the 4th grade at the Medical Secondary Schools in České Budějovice and Český Krumlov, specialization Nursing Assistant, and then the qualitative method in a form of a semi-standardized interview conducted with the middle and low management, in particular ward sisters and nursing officers on wards with acute beds. The questionnaire responses were plotted in graphs using descriptive statistics, interviews were summarized in a paper and synoptic charts. The results ascertained were described and evaluated in terms of disproving or proving the hypothesis and in terms of findings based on the questions raised in the final discussion.
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