|
|
The role of adrenergic signalling and mitochondria in cardioprotection
Macíčková, Eliška ; Žurmanová, Jitka (advisor) ; Holzerová, Kristýna (referee)
Cardiovascular diseases such as myocardial infarction or heart failure are one of the main causes of death in today's developed world. These diseases are accompanied by pathophysiological changes in the cell, which are very often associated with changes in adrenergic receptor signalling and mitochondrial function. Therefore, these functional units have been intensively studied in an attempt to discover the effective treatment. Currently, endogenous protective mechanisms are known to increase the resistance of heart to the pathophysiological states, and some of the mechanism targets directly into the mitochondria. In particular, the reduction in excessive production of reactive oxygen species and the decrease in sensitivity of mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening has been repeatedly described. Many of the contributing signalling pathways are related to adrenergic receptors. Thus, the aim of the present work is to link knowledge about the role of adrenergic signalling in cardioprotective mechanisms directed to mitochondria. Key words: heart, adrenergic signalization, mitochondria, cardioprotection
|
|
|
The adenylyl cyclase signaling system in normal and failing myocardium
Karlovská, Ivana ; Novotný, Jiří (advisor) ; Svatoňová, Anna (referee)
This bachelor thesis describes a signal pathway of adenylyl cyclase, which plays a key role in the modulation of heart rate and force of contraction. This pathway begins with membrane-bound β- adrenergic receptors that activate the enzyme adenylyl cyclase. Adenylyl cyclase produces second messengers by reverting ATP to cAMP. Several changes occur in this pathway in failing heart. The most striking changes occur in β-adrenergic receptors, but there are some changes on the level of adenylyl cyclase and G proteins as well. Most of these changes are related to chronic high levels of catecholamines, especially norepinephrine. Some medications try to reverse these adverse effects of norepinephrine. β-blockers are traditional drugs for treating heart failure. However, adenylyl cyclase may be also considered as potential target for pharmacotherapeutic interventions in the future. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
|
guest ::
