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Basic principles of imposing administrative penalties with special regard to the "ne bis in idem" principle"
Mach, Kevin ; Prášková, Helena (advisor) ; Pítrová, Lenka (referee)
This diploma thesis focuses on the topic of the principles applied during proceedings regarding offences, mainly the principle of non bis in idem, which this thesis focuses on. The non bis in idem principle means that a matter cannot be judged twice, because it is generally accepted that two punishments for the same crime are unfair. This principle is applied in proceedings on criminal charges and because the concept of criminal charges is autonomous according to the European Court for Human rights, i.e. it has specific objective content, I chiefly discussed interpretation of this concept. According to the European Court for Human Rights, in order for the issue to be criminal charges within the meaning of Article 4(1) of the Protocol to the European Convention on Human Rights, the charges must fulfil the so-called Engel criteria, which I have endeavoured to explain to the reader. These criteria were created by the European Court for Human Rights in the case of Engel and Others v. the Netherlands (1976), whereas these criteria were developed before the same court in the case of Bendenoun v. France (1994). These criteria are decisive in regard to whether the issue is criminal charges and whether the guarantees offered by the European Convention on Human Rights must be applied during the proceedings,...
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