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Ability of laical public providing first aid in acute condition from point of view of paramedics
SKALICKÝ, Tomáš
This bachelor's thesis examines the issues of providing non-professional first aid in acute condition from paramedics'point of view. The bachelor's thesis is divided into a theoretical part and research part. At first, the theoretical part describes the emergency medical service, its rescue forces and types of ambulance crew in order to explain the connection between the first aid and pre-hospital emergency care. This part analyses the first aid not only from the theoretical and practical point of view, but also from a social psychological one. Then, the theoretical part also deals with anatomy, physiology, pathophysiology and the first aid of six selected acute conditions. The second part is focused on the analysis of data obtained from a research survey. The research survey was conducted by a qualitative survey using as main methods a semi-structured interview and direct observation during university practice. The semi-structured interview includes 33 questions and is answered by eight paramedics that serves in the South Bohemian Region. The aim of this thesis is to find out what the range of capabilities of general public is in providing the non-professional first aid, how effective the general public is in providing the non-professional first aid and whether people are willing to help. The obtained information led to answering all research questions and fulfilling the aim of the bachelor's thesis. The results of the research evaluate non-professional public as willing enough and with sufficient abilities to provide the first aid but on the other hand the effectiveness of performed actions is considerably insufficient. The main contribution of this bachelor's thesis is the rise of awareness about the issues of the first aid provided by laical public, which could contribute to the improvement of the first aid educational method and subsequently to the improvement of providing the non-professional first aid by general public in cases of acute conditions.
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Bronchial asthma in the practice of paramedic
ŠEBEST, Jakub
Astma bronchiale is a lifelong chronic respiratory illness which affects all the age categories of population. The aim of this final work is to obtain knowledge and to analyse paramedics´ approaches used during a diagnosis and providing prehospital urgent care to patients affected by this illness.The bachelor´s work is divided into a theoretical and a research part. The theoretical part deals with the anatomy of the respiratory system, process of breathing, diagnosis and treatment in prehospital urgent care.The research of this work was realized by using recorded interview with paramedics. The aim of this research is to show the reader more viewpoints to this issue and to outline the experience of paramedics with treatment of this illness. This research demostrates that paramedics get in contact with the asthma bronchiale several times in a month, they are familiar with this illness and they know methods of its treatment. The result of the work shows how difficult the diagnostics of this illness is. Differential diagnostics also points to broad-spectrum of illnesses. Eventually, we can also enroll a wrong feedback between emergency service and medical facility. Results of this work in the theoretical part help the reader to get objective information about this matters, diagnostics and treatment of this illness in prehospital urgent care. The main contribution of this work should also be the view to the methods, approaches and experiences of paramedics during the treatment of the asthma bronchiale in prehospital urgent care. The output of the bachelor´s work is a brief manual for paramedics showing how to proceed during diagnostics and treatment of the asthma bronchiale.
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The most frequent acute and critical state of childrens in prehospital emergency care
HNOJNOVÁ, Jana
This thesis is focused on conditions that directly threaten the child's life and are already addressed in pre-hospital emergency care. The most vulnerable are children from one year to eight years, so I have therefore focused on the most common conditions in this group. Pre-hospital emergency care includes not only professional first aid provided by crews of emergency medical services, as well as general first aid which is given in most cases by parents. This increases the chance of recovery or survival of the child. Not only professionals but also the general public should be able to provide first aid. The theoretical part of this thesis begins with definitions of terms seen in the title. It defines and divides pre-hospital emergency care. It also deals with a child patient in pre-hospital emergency care division of childhood and its specific characteristics that are important in the medical examination, diagnosis and treatment of paediatric patients. The chapter describes the child cardiopulmonary resuscitation basic and advanced resuscitation. The main chapter called ?the most common acute and critical conditions in children in the PNP? contains eleven states. For each state describes the symptoms and addresses the practices of non-professional first aid and specialized first aid. The practical part was focused on mapping of knowledge of practices both non-professional first aid and specialized first aid for acute conditions in children between one and eight years. Both surveys were carried out using quantitative research through questionnaires. Questionnaires were distributed in paper form and sent via e-mail with a link to an electronic questionnaire in the period from May to July 2013. There were two basic sets of data collection,from parents of children from selected paediatric clinics in the district of town Tábor and from professionals working crew in the Emergency Medical Service of South Bohemia in position paramedic. Respondents were at the beginning of the questionnaire familiar with its anonymity and the nature of research. The parent´s questions 1-4 are used for more detailed mapping of the respondents. The following questions 5-12 were selected to investigate parents' knowledge of first aid in the most common acute and critical conditions in children from 1 year to 8 years in the PNP to allowing them to confirm or refute the hypothesis. The last two questions 13 and 14 are interested in respondents' own assessment. In paramedic´s questions 1-5 try to approach interviewed respondents. In questions 6-14 is tested their knowledge of first aid training and first aid in the most common acute and critical conditions in children from 1 year to 8 years in the PNP. In the last issue No. 15 paramedic assesses his / her knowledge. Both hypotheses were statistically evaluated by using the chi-square test. The resulting level of significance rejected the null hypothesis in both cases, and thus confirmed H1, which states that parents have knowledge of first aid in the most common acute and critical conditions in children from one to eight years and H2, which says that paramedics have the knowledge of first aid for the most common acute and critical conditions, the scope children from one year to eight years.
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Nursing care of patients with bleeding to the GIT.
HOLZÄPFELOVÁ, Soňa
Gastrointestinal bleeding is a symptom of numerous diseases that might be serious. Acute GI bleeding is the most frequent abdominal incident and has been occurring more and more often recently. Acute bleeding in the upper GI tract is a very urgent state affecting circulation stability. The bleeding may have adverse consequences. This is why a quick intervention and immediate bleeding stoppage are very important here. The aim of the thesis was to determine the principles of nursing care for patients with GI bleeding and what may be provided to a patient with acute GI bleeding within nursing care. Two research questions were set: 1 - What are the principles of nursing care for patients with GI bleeding? 2 - What may be provided to a patient with acute GI bleeding within nursing care? The thesis was elaborated by means of qualitative research. The technique of interview was used for data collection. Non-standardized interview was applied to patients. Individual case studies of the patients were elaborated from the information obtained. Semi-standardized interview was chosen for nurses, from which individual case studies were elaborated. We had the opportunity to use an analysis of nursing documentation of the Gastroenterological Department of the České Budějovice Hospital. The research has shown that nurses mostly have sufficient information on the principles of nursing care for patients with upper digestive system bleeding. From the patient answers we found that awareness of their needs was essential. This is why an informational brochure compiled upon request of the patients is an output of my thesis. A presentation for nurses describing insertion of an esophageal probe is the second output.
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