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Vliv ročního období na využívání odpočívárny v podmínkách aktivního ustájení koní
MARTINCOVÁ, Veronika
The quality and time of rest is together with feeding and physical activity the most important factor having an impact on both, mental and physical health in horses. This diploma thesis was dealing with the impact of a specific season and age on the use of a rest area in the conditions of active horse stables. The first part of this diploma thesis has processed a literary overview focused on the principles and types of horse-breeding technology and ethological rest activities. The topic of active stables has been sudied in greater detail. Observation was done at an active stable in Mažice. A total of 22 horses were being observed aged 2 to 27 in fifteen 24-hour long intervals using camera footage. The impact of individual seasons (summer, autumn and winter) and age (young, middle-aged and old horses) on the rest activities in rest areas was being observed and evaluated. A difference in the average length of one visit in the seasons observed. In autumn, it was longest on average, 35 minutes in comparison to 30 minutes in winter and summer. In case of lying down the average time of one visit differed significantly - in winter it was 30 minutes and 41 minutes in summer. The rest area was used least by young horses in autumn, 179 minutes per 24 hours. Comparing the utilization the rest areas during the year, a more significant utilization of rest area number 2 (352 minutes per 24 hours) was proven in comparison to the rest area number 1 (161 minutes per 24 hours in summer). Evaluating the day and night, the lowest average time values spent in rest areas were noted during autumn and summer (130 minutes per day and 162 minutes per day). On average, the horses would spend the longest time of 218 minutes per night and during the day in winter of 237 minutes per day in the rest areas. The results show that it is necessary to pay attention to stable design, not only from the perspective of size but also orientation. With regard to the time the horses spend there, they are a significant factor having an impact on the quality of their lives.
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Vliv věku koní na kvalitu a dobu jejich odpočinku v podmínkách aktivního ustájení
ZÁHOROVÁ, Pavla
Rest time and its quality, together with feeding and movement, are the most important factors influencing the mental and physical health of horses. This diploma thesis deals with the influence of age on the time and quality of rest for horses newly housed in the conditions of an active stable. In the first part of this diploma thesis is a literature review focused on the ethology, welfare and individual types of horse stables. The topic of active horse stables was elaborated in more detail, because its functionality corresponds to the physiological needs of horses. The monitoring included 6 horses of Czech warmblood, which were divided into 3 age groups (young, middle age and old horses). The monitoring took place in an active stable in Mažice using a camera, that recorded ten consecutive days in the winter season. For the evaluation, 2 parts of the day (day and night) were distinguished. In this diploma thesis are monitored the resting activities of horses in the rest place of active stables, such as feeding, standing, napping while standing or lying and deep sleep. One-factor Anova and Anova for repeated measurements were used for statisti-cal evaluation. It was found that all observed groups of horses used the rest place in the same way, 1/3 of a day. However, each group had a different representation of resting activities. The group of young and middle-aged horses spent about half the time feeding in the rest place, compared to old ones. They significantly (p < 0,05) paid the most attention to napping while standing (40%), while they spent only 30% of the time feeding. The monitored activities were performed by all age groups, especially during the night. The only exception was the feeding of a group of middle age horses, who spent an average 121.7 min during the day with this activity compared to night (93.4 min). Active stable gives horses a choice of activities. As can be seen from the results of the observation, even old horses, accustomed to box housing, have adapted well to this type of housing and they like it.
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