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Influence of Ethene Addition on Ziegler-Natta Catalyst Performance in Low-pressure Propene Polymerization
Hoza, Adam ; Salajka,, Zdeněk (referee) ; Kratochvíla, Jan (advisor)
The aim of the study will be the determination of the kinetic profiles of the polymerization of propene, ethene and their mixtures with commercial Ziegler-Natta catalyst by application of two different experimental procedures. The prepared polymer material will be utilized for the SEC analysis and subsequent evaluation of the concentration of active sites. The determined molecular mass distribution curves will be further investigated by the application of the procedure, which deconvolute the overall profile on the basic Flory's distribution functions. Then the comprehensive study about character and behavior of various types of active centers in dependence on time and type of monomer will result from this investigation.
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Effect of controlled degradation on the structure of high-impact polypropylene
Pragerová, Barbora ; Kratochvíla,, Jan (referee) ; CSc, Zdeněk Buráň, (advisor)
This thesis deals with the effect of controlled degradation on the structure of ethylene-propylene copolymers. The studied samples were produced in reactor as a heterophase mixture of homopolymer PP and~E/P copolymer on Ziegler-Natta catalysts. Two samples were degraded to a higher melt flow index using peroxides. These materials were then compared with reactor-prepared samples of the same melt flow index. In total, six samples of E/P copolymers were investigated, i.e. two series of three comparison samples each. For all samples, the melt flow index and the soluble fraction in xylene were determined (using the standard method according to XS-ISO 16152 and also XS-FIPA). Furthermore, in order to obtain detailed information about the structure of these materials, the granular samples were first subjected to TREF (Temperature rising elution fractionation. Each sample was separated into three fractions for which the molecular weight distribution was then determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC). Nuclear magnetic resonance C13 NMR provided additional information. Changes in the structure of the E/P copolymers after controlled degradation were evaluated, and these degraded materials were also compared with their reactor equivalents produced directly with a higher melt flow index.
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Determination of propene polymerization kinetics on Ziegler-Natta catalysts by methods of batch and Stopped-Flow polymerization performed under industrial conditions
Tvrdý, Michal ; Merna,, Jan (referee) ; Kratochvíla, Jan (advisor)
This thesis is focused on the determination of the propene polymerization kinetics on phthalate and nonphthalate diester Ziegler-Natta MgCl2-supported catalysts under the industrial conditions. The kinetic profiles were determined by various laboratory techniques for propene polymerization. For assessing the profiles were utilized batch gas and liquid polymerization modes in 2-litre and 4-litre reactors. Finally, the results were complemented with the runs performed in a unique Stopped-Flow apparatus, which allows polymerization of liquid propene at very short polymerization times. The kinetics profiles of both catalysts were determined and compared by combination of experimental data of these techniques. The basic properties of the synthesized polymeric powders were measured, such as the melt flow index, bulk density and amount of polypropene fraction soluble in cold xylene.
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Effect of controlled degradation on the structure of high-impact polypropylene
Pragerová, Barbora ; Kratochvíla,, Jan (referee) ; CSc, Zdeněk Buráň, (advisor)
This thesis deals with the effect of controlled degradation on the structure of ethylene-propylene copolymers. The studied samples were produced in reactor as a heterophase mixture of homopolymer PP and~E/P copolymer on Ziegler-Natta catalysts. Two samples were degraded to a higher melt flow index using peroxides. These materials were then compared with reactor-prepared samples of the same melt flow index. In total, six samples of E/P copolymers were investigated, i.e. two series of three comparison samples each. For all samples, the melt flow index and the soluble fraction in xylene were determined (using the standard method according to XS-ISO 16152 and also XS-FIPA). Furthermore, in order to obtain detailed information about the structure of these materials, the granular samples were first subjected to TREF (Temperature rising elution fractionation. Each sample was separated into three fractions for which the molecular weight distribution was then determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC). Nuclear magnetic resonance C13 NMR provided additional information. Changes in the structure of the E/P copolymers after controlled degradation were evaluated, and these degraded materials were also compared with their reactor equivalents produced directly with a higher melt flow index.
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Determination of propene polymerization kinetics on Ziegler-Natta catalysts by methods of batch and Stopped-Flow polymerization performed under industrial conditions
Tvrdý, Michal ; Merna,, Jan (referee) ; Kratochvíla, Jan (advisor)
This thesis is focused on the determination of the propene polymerization kinetics on phthalate and nonphthalate diester Ziegler-Natta MgCl2-supported catalysts under the industrial conditions. The kinetic profiles were determined by various laboratory techniques for propene polymerization. For assessing the profiles were utilized batch gas and liquid polymerization modes in 2-litre and 4-litre reactors. Finally, the results were complemented with the runs performed in a unique Stopped-Flow apparatus, which allows polymerization of liquid propene at very short polymerization times. The kinetics profiles of both catalysts were determined and compared by combination of experimental data of these techniques. The basic properties of the synthesized polymeric powders were measured, such as the melt flow index, bulk density and amount of polypropene fraction soluble in cold xylene.
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Influence of Ethene Addition on Ziegler-Natta Catalyst Performance in Low-pressure Propene Polymerization
Hoza, Adam ; Salajka,, Zdeněk (referee) ; Kratochvíla, Jan (advisor)
The aim of the study will be the determination of the kinetic profiles of the polymerization of propene, ethene and their mixtures with commercial Ziegler-Natta catalyst by application of two different experimental procedures. The prepared polymer material will be utilized for the SEC analysis and subsequent evaluation of the concentration of active sites. The determined molecular mass distribution curves will be further investigated by the application of the procedure, which deconvolute the overall profile on the basic Flory's distribution functions. Then the comprehensive study about character and behavior of various types of active centers in dependence on time and type of monomer will result from this investigation.
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