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Methods for the detection of Paenibacillus larvae and Melissococcus plutonius using real-time PCR
Hrabák, Jaroslav ; Vlková, Kateřina ; Erban, Tomáš
The methodology is intended for diagnostic laboratories focused on bee infections. Detection of the causative agents of American foulbrood (Paenibacillus larvae) and European foulbrood (Melissococcus plutonius) is essential to prevent the spread of those highly contagious infections of a honey bee (Apis mellifera) diseases. In case of the suspicion, an examination of bee colonies in protective zones of the disease is indicated. The second possibility of use is the confirmation of the infection based on the detected clinical symptoms in the bee colony. The main target user in the Czech Republic are laboratories investigating animal diseases for the State Veterinary Administration (SVS) (accredited laboratories) in case of suspected disease and investigations in protective zones. Other target users are laboratories investigating bee colonies for reasons of preventive surveillance based on the request of beekeepers. The PCR method enables fast and reliable detection of P. larvae and M. plutonius from different samples taken from the bee colony. Compared to classic microbiological techniques, it allows to provide a result within a few hours of receiving the sample in the laboratory. In this way, it is possible to ensure, above all during the period of intense flight activity of bees, early intervention in bee colonies suspected of the occurrence of the mentioned diseases and to prevent the spread of the disease to nearby habitats of bee colonies.
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Výrobní cena medu u zájmových a profesních chovatelů
Chalupa, Vojtěch
The bachelor's thesis deals with the comparison of the average price of honey for amateur and professional breeders in the territory of the Czech Republic over a period of ten years, including all aspects of costs that professional and amateur breeders, known as SUB1 and SUB2, have to process. By subsequently comparing them and possibly recalculating the turning point in the event that the breeder does not achieve profitability. In the beginning of the thesis, basic information is presented, which familiarizes the reader with the basic division of SUB1, SUB2 and with basic information regarding bee colonies and honey. The upcoming parts of the thesis deal with a basic description of the functioning of bees, the composition and quality of honey, adulteration of honey, the state of the honey market and a description of SUB1 and SUB2 and their activities. Furthermore, the management results of SUB1 and SUB2 are compared and evaluated. The aim of the work was to assess the profitability and profitability of individual economic activities with the help of comparative results when the final product is only honey. A detailed comparison of costs takes place in order to determine as accurately as possible the average cost price of 1 kilogram of honey.
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Monitoring of DWV, BQCV and CBPV viruses in colonies in the Czech Republic
ZAHRADNÍK, Václav
This doplima thesis deals with the determination of the degree of infection by selec-ted diseases among hives in Czech republic. The literature search mentions viral diseases, problems and methods of isolating total RNA from a sample of bees. The methodology is further focused on the isolation of total RNA, amplification of viral RNA in the sample by RT-PCR with specific primers. Evaluation of the results is performed by electrophoresis and subsequent sequencing of the positive sample and sequence comparison in the NCBI database.
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Ověření funkčnosti kočovného zařízení vlastní konstrukce
Tůma, Antonín
The bachelor thesis describes the historical development of migratory beekeeping from ancient history, through Slovakia to the Czech Republic. It also deals with forms of migratory beekeeping and basic types of beekeeping transporters. It explains the benefits of mobile beekeeping for the pollination of plants and crops including the economics of pollination. The thesis also describes other the risks of mobile beekeeping, such as diseases or poisoning. The main point of this thesis is to verify the functionality of the bee hive transporter of own construction and design. There is a negative recommendation of the State Agricultural Intervention Fund, based on opinion of former Research Bee Institute in Dol, today Ltd., that our transporter is inappropriate for transportation of the bee hives. Finally, the history of development and the advantages and testing of the functionality of our transporter is evaluated.
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Honey selected quality changes depending on the different ways of feeding of honeybee
HRADILOVÁ, Kristina
The goal of my thesis is to describe how external environmental factors influence beehives with regards to impacts on the quality of honey. The first part classifies various types of honeys and their qualitative characteristics in connection to their physical and chemical properties. The second part continues with description of bee pasture throughout the year and description of distinctive properties of certain monofloral honeys. Further, I am focusing on the issues of pesticide residue, medical substances and heavy metals in honey.
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Limitation of swarming mood in beekeeping
SOUKUP, Tomáš
The aim of this paper is to describe the anti-swarming techniques for reducing and utilizing swarming mood in beekeeping. Examining twelve anti-swarming methods and their technical implementation, it lists both their advantages and disadvantages.
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Means of bee communication and orientation
ŤUKOVÁ, Gabriela
Main purpose of this bachelor thesis is to summarize current knowlege about the ways of orientation and communication of bees. The first part describes each of the sense organs which have a large impact on the ability of bees to communicate each other and also to orientate in time and space. Then I describe types of communication with using of pheromones which are devided according to their purpose and effect on the colony, each dance pieces that bees use to communicate (circular and figure eight dance) and how bees find food according to them. Very important element for communication of bees is also honeycomb which carries a two-dimensional vibrations formed by dancers to other bees and also creates specific dance place that is for bees irreplaceable to another part of comb. In second part of bachelor thesis I focus on the ways of orientation of bees, how they orient themselves in the landscape according to sun, polarized light or other significant landscape features and also on the ways how they orientate themselves in time. In next parts of my bachelor thesis I also deal with few experiments which demonstrate the aforementioned skills of bees.
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Influence of years on the honey production in different altitude above sea levels
BAHELKOVÁ, Petra
The aim of the work is an analysis influence of years and altitude above sea levels on the honey production of sample localitys in different altitude above sea levels. For observation of the years 2002{--}2006 was choice five localitys in different altitude above sea levels (472 {--} 650 m). The interaction sea level and year is a determine factor wich influence honey production of one bee colony from 89.77%. On increase sea level about 100 m is speeding of the honey production about 5 kg of one bee colony. Than the direct influence one factor (altitude above sea level, year) is strikinger on the honey production their interaction.
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Carnal stratification in colony of bees
KOLÁŘ, Petr
This thesis will address gender stratification colonies. In addition, there will outline the issues concerning the origins and development of hives or internal and external environmental laws in the colony. In this work will also be mention of the relations in the colony, the division of labor and communication conditional chemicals and the number of individuals in the colony. Furthermore, there is one part of this work will be devoted to a major bee species on Earth. The aim of the work will prove that every bee has a function of sex.
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