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Federal Reserve System's attitude to CBDC
Slabý, Jiří ; Fiřtová, Magdalena (advisor) ; Hornát, Jan (referee)
Using Content Analysis, this Master's thesis aims to answer the question of why the Federal Reserve System is delaying the introduction of a central bank digital currency (CBDC). This new financial instrument responds to the technological innovations of recent years in the field of currencies - cryptocurrencies. With declining numbers of people using central bank money, namely cash, the CBDC efforts to reverse this trend. This thesis offers a comparison of various means of payment so that the reader understands exactly how CBDC differs from them. With the help of examples of already established digital currencies or their pilot projects, it shows possible paths for the United States as well. The support of the executive branch, Congress, and especially the American public is needed for the introduction of CBDC in the United States. The President's backing is evidenced, for example, by his Executive Order No. 14067. Finding support in Congress is much more difficult for the Fed since its composition changes every two years. With the Republican Party currently on top in the House of Representatives, it will be more difficult to push the President's agenda. Additionally, Republican Congressmen typically introduce bills against additional Fed powers. A public survey on the introduction of CBDC has not...
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Novus ordo seclorum: A Historical Analysis of American Isolationism
Young, Caine ; Kofroň, Jan (advisor) ; Romancov, Michael (referee)
The central tenets of this thesis seek to explain what American isolationist theory is and how it first emerged in the country. Written as follows is a broad analysis of why the specific brand of American isolation had remarkable longevity throughout the foundational years of the early and later stages of the American epoch, even in drastically changing geopolitical conditions. Concurrently, the thesis will seek to question why, and if, specific and seminal geopolitical events represented breaches by the foreign policy elite of the foundational international relations theory of American nonintervention. These events discussed serve as important unifying case study examples of American foreign policy thinking and political and military action more generally. The cases include the Mexican-American War; the Spanish- American War; and the Second World War respectively. Then, current case study examples are discussed to judge the implications of a returning isolationist strain in American political life. After careful consideration of academic literature and analysis of resources spanning written public speeches from leading policymakers, intellectuals, business leaders, and civic minds of their times, as well as raw numerical data research, a combination of foundational principles surrounding offensive...
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Czechia between 'the East' and 'the West': Critical geopolitics of international relations and economic flows
Fiřtíková, Eva ; Lepič, Martin (advisor) ; Jelen, Libor (referee)
In this thesis, I deal with the context of international relations and economic flows of the Czechia towards the USA and China in the period 2002-2022. Using individual indicators in the field of trade, direct foreign investment, and in research and development, I examine the dependence of economic flows on foreign connections. Foreign bilateral meetings play a significant role in the subsequent reaction of the state's economy. I examine how foreign connections affect different types of economic flows, as well as their development and variability. The course of economic flows is often greatly influenced by events (such as the global financial crisis or Covid-19), which can affect the state in a number of negative consequences. However, thanks to the efforts of government representatives, diplomatic representatives and important businessman, the subsequent development of the political- economic sphere of states can lead to successful growth, using conclusions and agreements from foreign meetings or proven procedures in mutual cooperation.
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Emancipation of African Americans in the Progressive Era (1880-1920)
PIKALOVÁ, Zlata
The presented bachelor's thesis deals with the emancipation of African Americans during the Progressive Era, when major social and economic changes were taking place. It focuses on the efforts of the African American community to uplift their race and achieve equality after the recent abolition of slavery. Much of the work focuses on the African American leader, Booker T. Washington, his ideas and his conflict with his competitor, W. E. B. Du Bois.
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Populist Trends in Republican Presidential Nomination Acceptance Speeches
Benson, Sophie ; Shavit, Anna (advisor) ; Dvořák, Tomáš (referee)
Bibliographic note BENSON, Sophie Elisabeth. Populist Trends in Republican Presidential Nomination Acceptance Speeches. Mater thesis. Charles University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute of Sociological Studies and Institute of Communication Studies and Journalism. Supervisor prof. Mgr. Anna Shavit, Ph.D. Abstract Populist rhetoric was quantified in all US Republican presidential nomination speeches between 1968 and 2020 utilizing Paul Taggat's model of Populism as an index to discern the viability of populist rhetoric as an effective campaign strategy in light of the shrinking core demographics of the Republican Party. The data found underscored the 2013 Growth and Opportunity Project conducted by the Republican National Convention (RNC) that the core demographics of the RNC were shrinking in electoral relevance and that the RNC was not persuasive with demographics that existed outside of their core constituency. This research showed that while populism is an everpresent phenomenon in RNC campaign rhetoric it is not sufficient in compensating for the depleting electoral strength that once guaranteed definitive electoral victories. Additionally, neither the degree of populism recorded in the speech nor in the audience response thereto correlates to the electoral outcomes. While populism is a powerful...
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United States Supreme Court case law on campaign finance
Vagenknecht, Milan Kristian ; Antoš, Marek (advisor) ; Jirásková, Věra (referee)
United States Supreme Court case law on campaign finance The diploma thesis deals with the development of US Supreme Court case law on the issue of electoral campaign finance while paying special attention to the question of the constitutionality of expenditure and contribution limits. Its main goal is to provide a comprehensive analysis of these cases to demonstrate how regulation of campaign finance works there, which is considerably different from systems found not only in the Czech Republic but also in Europe. At the same time, the author focuses primarily on providing insight into the more recent part of American case law, which has significantly loosened the whole regulatory system, especially regarding the financial participation of legal entities in electoral campaigns. The author divides the work into four parts. In the first part, the reader is introduced to the basic institutes and concepts that relate to the American campaign finance law and then compares them with their Czech counterparts in order to facilitate the understanding of the following three parts, which already cover the concrete cases. In particular, it analyzes various concepts of corruption. This part also deals with de lege ferenda issues, i.e., the effectiveness of the financial limits imposed on candidates that run for...
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Contemplated reforms of the U.S. presidential election
Trunda, Jakub ; Antoš, Marek (advisor) ; Grinc, Jan (referee)
1 Contemplated reforms of the U.S. presidential election Abstract This diploma thesis is dedicated to the U.S. presidential election, specifically the greatest attention is paid to the electoral system called the electoral college which is used during the election. The text of my thesis relates to the US presidential election which is generally a very extensive topic therefore it is not possible to analyze in detail all the individual aspects of the process and thus provide a complete thorough analysis within this thesis. As a result of this, my aim is to briefly present the historical development of the electoral college along with its current functioning during the election process of the President of the United States. Subsequently, I am going to focus closely on potential reforms of the presidential elections that could significantly contribute to the improvement of the entire process of selecting (electing) the president of the United States. This thesis is divided into three consecutive parts, each part is then divided into several individual chapters. In the first part I am discussing the main historical reasons leading the founding father of the United States to adopt the current presidential electoral system and I am also focusing on its early discovered insufficiencies which had been corrected by...
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The Impact of September 11 on US Foreign Policy
Kurash, Roman ; Raška, Francis (advisor) ; Hornát, Jan (referee)
The September 11 terrorist attacks on the United States of America had a significant impact on US foreign policy and security standards worldwide. Before the attacks, President Bush paid little attention to foreign policy, even in his election campaign and public speeches. After the attacks, foreign policy, and the war on terror as part of it, became a major concern of the Bush administration. The production of weapons of mass destruction by non-democratic regimes in the Middle East and their links to terrorist activities were identified as a major threat to the security of the United States. The democratisation of the Middle East and the peace in the region became the priorities of the US global policy. This paper is qualitative historical research and it examines the changes in US foreign policy after the attacks. It describes the differences and similarities in US foreign policy in periods before and after the attacks, the use of force against Afghanistan and Iraq, and cooperation between the USA and international organizations, such as NATO and the United Nations, on countering the terrorist threat. The subject of the study is the transformation of foreign policy of the USA in the period from 2001 to 2003, which was crucial for framing the relations between the USA and the rest of the world for...
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Cancel Culture in the United States Related to the Covid-19 Pandemics 2020-2022
Viták, Jakub ; Pondělíček, Jiří (advisor) ; Szobi, Pavel (referee)
Cancel culture is a relatively new and very significant phenomenon, which origin is traced back to the African-American hip-hop subculture. It is also contains some modern movements and ideologies. However, signs of a similar atmosphere in the United States's society can be traced back to the period after the Second World War. Analyze of the history and influences included in the topic of research, the work compares the perception and use of this phenomenon by the conservative and liberal-minded voters during the ongoing waves of the COVID-19 disease. Thesis is whether the cancel culture methods are able to be applied also to liberal voters under the influence of the ongoing pandemic. The work confirms this question and adds that it depends more on the inclination of its audience or voters towards a conservative or liberal mindset than on the boycotted subject or the methods of boycott. The work shows that on the case of successful podcaster Joe Rogan, who questioned the effectiveness of vaccines during the pandemic and faced several calls for a boycott. But as a result, these causes helped him gain more listeners.
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