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Determination of the threat to the archaeological site Bylany by water and tillage erosion of soil
Derková, Nikola ; Chuman, Tomáš (advisor) ; Strouhalová, Barbora (referee)
The diploma thesis aims to determine the threat of archaeological site Bylany by soil erosion. Soil erosion was detected using a combination of field research and modeling in the WaTEM/SEDEM program. The results of the diploma thesis are beneficial to the knowledge of the rate of erosion and at the same time can be helpful in research and preservation of archaeological monuments. Based on a combination of erosion modeling and field investigation, the rate of erosion and accumulation in the locality was determined. Soil erosion was demonstrated at five studied sites out of a total of eight sites. Two sites showed questionable results and only one site showed accumulation of material with an average annual accumulation of 2,14 mm. The average annual value of soil erosion varied between 0,46 and 26,9 mm. A high intensity of soil erosion was demonstrated on the erosion model of water erosion also in the southern part of the slope, where the smaller roundel is located, but this could not be confirmed by field investigation as this roundel has not been studied and described by archaeologists. The ongoing soil erosion in the locality thus represents a significant threat to the Neolithic roundels in Bylany.
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Changes of erosion risk and water soil erosion intensity in the Odlezelské Lake catchment
Pagáč, Petr ; Kliment, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Chuman, Tomáš (referee)
Water erosion in the Czech Republic is the largest phenomenon that degrades and seriously damages agricultural areas throughout the country. It is influenced by many factors that have changed since the 1950s. Various methods are used to assess the intensity of erosion. In the Czech Republic, the USLE (Universal Soil Loss Equation) is the most widely used equation, which is the cornerstone of the model used in this work. I quantified and localized water erosion in the Odlezel lake basin for individual scenarios of land use change using the WaTEM / SEDEM model. The results show the seriousness of water erosion in relation to landscape management, as the modeled intensity of erosion in 2018 is almost the same as in the period of collectivization. The results of modeling are confronted with changes of individual input factors, with measured data of river sediment export in the Mladotický brook and up to date knowledge about clogging of the lake basin. Key words: water erosion, modeling erosion, WaTEM/SEDEM
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