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Risks Related to Involving the Voluntary Fire-fighter Units in the Radiation Situation Monitoring
Myslíková, Veronika ; Strmeň, Milan (referee) ; Adamec, Vladimír (advisor)
This diploma thesis focuses on the analyzing the current state of monitoring the radiation situation by volunteer firefighters units in the emergency planning area in Dukovany nuclear power plant surroundings. The process of measurement is divided into preparation for radiation leakage and application of learned procedures in the case of the occurred radiation leakage. The aim is to identify the dangers in the current process as well as the possible risks in the case of radiation emergency by risk analysis. Based on this analysis, improvements suggestions will be made. These measures will be evaluated by their applicability and their economic value. The system of monitoring by voluntary firefighters will be compared with another monitoring system, which can be also used. The result of the analysis will be a more effective way of monitoring, including safety of the firefighter and less financial complexity.
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The level of population knowledge about selected radiation accidents in South Bohemian region
TŘEŠNIČKOVÁ, Tereza
This diploma thesis deals with the level of population knowledge about selected radiation accidents in South Bohemian region. The goal is to determine the level of population knowledge about selected radiation accidents and then compare the knowledge about disaster in Chernobyl, Fukushima and the others selected radiation accidents. In the thesis were set two hypotheses: H1: The level of population knowledge about selected radiation accidents in South Bohemian region will reach at least 70 % and H2: The level of population knowledge about disasters in Chernobyl and Fukushima will be statistically significantly higher than the knowledge about the others selected radiation accidents. To achieve the stated goals and to test the hypotheses, a questionnaire was compiled, and a survey was made. The results of the survey were evaluated by methods of descriptive and mathematical statistics. The questionnaire consisted of 16 questions. The first part of questionnaire was about disasters in Chernobyl and Fukushima, the second part was about the others selected radiation accidents. The survey consisted of 126 people living in South Bohemian region. The results of the survey show that the overall percentage of correctly answered questions was 55 %, which can be considered as an average result. 72 % of people answered the questions correctly in first part of questionnaire and 37 % in the second part. The set goals were achieved, first hypothesis was refuted and the second was confirmed. The benefit of this diploma thesis is to obtain a summary of level of population knowledge about selected radiation accident in South Bohemian region. The results can be used as information material.
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Analysis of the readiness of the Police of the Czech republic to a radiation extraordinary event
HOMOLOVÁ, Tereza
The bachelor thesis analyzes the knowledge of police officers of the Regional Police Directorate of the South Bohemian Region in the performance of the tasks of the Police of the Czech Republic in the event of a radiation extraordinary event and analyzes the equipment of the Regional Police Directorate of the South Bohemian Region with protective equipment for a radiation emergency. The theoretical part of the bachelor thesis deals with an integrated rescue systém and its basic components, a radiation extraordinary events and their history and classification, a problematics of an ionizing radiation and its effects on a human organism, a radiation protection and a tasks of the Police of the Czech Republic in the radiation extraordinary event at Temelín Nuclear Power Plant. The research part of the bachelor thesis is carried out using a questionnaire survey and an interview with the staff of the Crisis Management Department of the Police of the Czech Republic in České Budějovice. Questionnaires were distributed to police officers of the Regional Police Directorate of the South Bohemian Region, from whom quantitative research was conducted. With the help of a questionnaire survey, the unpreparedness of the police officers of the Regional Police Directorate of the South Bohemian Region in the area of performing the tasks of the Police of the Czech Republic in the event of a radiation extraordinary event was found. The results did not reach the success rate, which was set at 70 %. Police officers who have a nuclear power plant in their region should have more knowledge in this area. By studying the professional literature, the External Emergency Plan of the Temelín Nuclear Power Plant, the documentation of the Regional Police Directorate of the South Bohemian Region and based on the interview, it was found that the amount of protective equipment available in a radiation emergency available to the Regional Police Directorate of the South Bohemian Region is sufficient due to the number of serving police officers.
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Creation the results book by the modeling and predictions of the effects of a radiological emergency situation on a nuclear power plant in the Czech Republic.
FRIŠTIKOVÁ, Klaudia
The aim of the thesis is creation the results book by the modeling and predictions of the effects of a radiological emergency situation on a nuclear power plant in the Czech Republic and assessment of selected input values on the results of calculations. The thesis is divided into the theoretical part, practical part and discussion, which evaluates the results of the thesis. The theoretical part uses information from the literature, which describes the ionizing radiation, its properties and effect on the population and the environment. Then, nuclear power plants, their service and possible radiation emergencies are described per valid legal regulations. End of theoretical part describes the activity for intervention in the event of a radiation emergency. The practical part describes model situations of radiological emergency situation in the vicinity of a nuclear power plant in the Czech Republic. For this thesis is selected a nuclear power plant Dukovany, for which these events are created. The results and impacts of model situations will be evaluated with the help of SW tool and then will be determined protective measures and procedures for eliminating aftermath of these incidents. Per the practical part is created an analog catalog, which will act as a backup in case of SW tool malfunction.
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Specifics of evacuation from workplaces, which uses sources of ionizing radiation in the Hospital Strakonice, a.s
MANOVÁ, Šárka
The theoretical part of the diploma thesis consists of three main chapters, which are closely related to the chosen topic. First, the theoretical part of the thesis introduces the concepts of crisis management. The basic concepts of crisis management and crisis management authorities are described here. Followed by a description of the crisis management system in health care and crisis preparedness of health care. Also provide information of emergency preparedness, including important documents such as the regional emergency plan, internal and external emergency plans, as well as emergency procedures. The next part of the work concerns mainly the evacuation and clarification of the necessary information related to the concept. The chapter mentions the types of evacuation, how the evacuation takes place and especially the specific evacuation, which takes place, for example, in a medical facility. Subsequently, the work describes information related to sources of ionizing radiation. This part also includes the types of sources of ionizing radiation that can be found at the workplace of radiodiagnostics and at the workplace of nuclear medicine. Follows the part concerning, the security of the radionuclide source, the principles of radiation protection, methods of radiation protection, but also the effects of ionizing radiation and others. Two goals and two research questions were set in the practical part of the diploma thesis. The first goal of the diploma thesis is to determine the readiness of the Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiodiagnostics in the Hospital Strakonice a.s. for an emergency. The results show that both departments are prepared for an emergency, based on an examination of the documentation and a questionnaire survey conducted with staff in both departments, but at the same time the preparedness of staff is not sufficiently practiced. The second goal was to propose measures to improve the current situation, using SWOT analysis and the results of a questionnaire survey. The diploma thesis could be used as a study material and also as an overview of improving measures. In the future, the work can be used to compare the issue in other hospital facilities.
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Strategy of population reallocation after radioactive accident in the Czech Republic, problematics of evacuation, basis, intention, resources, responsibilities
BINKOVÁ, Kristýna
This thesis deals with the issue of evacuation and relocation of the population after a radiation accident in the Czech Republic and it also puts a name to key issues that may occur for a citizen living in the emergency zone. The dissertation is divided into two parts, first of which is theoretical and second is practical. The theoretical part of the diploma thesis is fractionated into several chapters and subchapters. Thesis deals with actual legislation of radiation protection and nuclear safety. Nuclear power plants located in the Czech Republic are also presented here. Furthermore, this section explains the basic terms such as radiation extraordinary mishap, radiation incident and phases of radiation accident which helps perceive the matter of the topic. The theoretical part mentions radiation incidents and accidents that occurred in the world. The thesis describes course of actions for managing radiation emergencies. It also explicates terms such as emergency planning, internal and external emergency plan and national radiation emergency plan. Thesis gives insight into the radiation accidents from the past. The theoretical part also concerns about the Dukovany nuclear power plant. And it analyzes what is the emergency planning zone, emergency plans, emergency staff and the most important procedures during a radiation accident. Warning and informing the population together with evacuation and possible additional relocation are explained. The part of this work are also experiences that we gained from the radiation accident at nuclear power plant in Fukushima. In the practical part, research was done with use of questionnaire method. The questionnaire was created for residents living in the vicinity to emergency planning zone of Dukovany nuclear power plant. The goal was to find out what key questions and problems may arise during the evacuation of those citizens. The survey was elaborated into graphs and collected pieces of information were interpreted and closely described in the discussion.
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Modeling and Prediction of Radiation Emergency Impacts on the Nuclear Facility Surroundings
KNOSOVÁ, Marie
The thesis is focused on the modeling and prediction of Radiation Emergency Impacts on the Nuclear Facility Surroundings with a usage of a software program ESTE EU, designed to detect and to evaluate the prognosis of the leakage of radioactive substances into the surrounding of the Nuclear Facility in case of an exceptional radiation situation. Furthermore, in the theoretical part, basic radiation protection units, main international radiation protection and safety organizations, options for monitoring of the radiation situation, from a rightful legislation derived terms regarding the exceptional radiation situation, a crisis management during an accident involving radiation, safety measures in a disaster planning zone and a description of the software program ESTE EU, are discussed. In the practical part it is dealt with the modeling and prediction created with an assistance of the ESTE EU software, the evaluation of the prognosis of the exceptional radiation situation, a suggestion of an urgent population safety measures, which are in accordance with the legislation and meteorological conditions - especially the velocity of the wind and the sum of precipitation on radiation exposure of representative person. The main goal of the thesis was to learn how to use the software program ESTE EU, create two modelation of exceptional radiation situations, compare those situations and propose urgent safety measures. The thesis provides information and summary of this area issues to subjects with an access to the software program and/or to those, who will use software's outputs to decide whether to accept some measures or procedures.
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Nuclear accidents and subsequent measures to protect the population
SVITÁK, Daniel
This bachelor thesis deals with the protection of the population and subsequent measures in the event of a radiation emergency. When comparing the two largest nuclear accidents (Chernobyl and Fukushima), a great similarity was found not only in the implementation of safeguard measures, but also in the errors made by the responsible authorities. By comparing these events, we could answer the question of how the approach to protecting the population differed in the bipolar division of the world from the perspective of the "Eastern", which is represented by the former USSR and the view of the "Western" represented by Japan. With the resulting analysis, we confirmed that in both the USSR and Japan, this approach differed only in the source of the likely risk, which was given greater attention than the other risks. In case of comparison of the measures of protection of the population of the Czech Republic, which are mentioned in the emergency plans, with those introduced in the world in the case of The RMU, we concluded that the measures of the Czech Republic are on the same level and can be considered as a world standard. To support the resulting claims, the measures introduced at the Fukushima RMU are compared with those during the 2015 Zone Temelín emergency exercise. An integral part is the evaluation of the level of information of the Czech population in the field of protection of the population. An analysis of the results of the supplementary questionnaire survey confirmed the claim of low level of information of the inhabitants of the Czech Republic. Therefore, the work will also focus on the need to raise public awareness in the field of population protection and propose measures to raise the level of information to the required level.
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Risks Related to Involving the Voluntary Fire-fighter Units in the Radiation Situation Monitoring
Myslíková, Veronika ; Strmeň, Milan (referee) ; Adamec, Vladimír (advisor)
This diploma thesis focuses on the analyzing the current state of monitoring the radiation situation by volunteer firefighters units in the emergency planning area in Dukovany nuclear power plant surroundings. The process of measurement is divided into preparation for radiation leakage and application of learned procedures in the case of the occurred radiation leakage. The aim is to identify the dangers in the current process as well as the possible risks in the case of radiation emergency by risk analysis. Based on this analysis, improvements suggestions will be made. These measures will be evaluated by their applicability and their economic value. The system of monitoring by voluntary firefighters will be compared with another monitoring system, which can be also used. The result of the analysis will be a more effective way of monitoring, including safety of the firefighter and less financial complexity.
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Measures of Regional Police Directorate of the South Bohemian Region by an occurrence of a radiological emergency in the Temelín Nuclear Power Station
HRNEČEK, Martin
The aim of this diploma thesis is to clarify fundamental principles of activities of police officers of the Regional Directorate of the Police of the South Bohemian Region in the case of radiological emergency at the Temelín Nuclear power station. These principles are concentrated in compact documentation with practical tasks for respective organizational segments of the Regional Directorate of the Police of the South Bohemian Region. This documentation will be consequently used as a methodical guide for concerned police officers. Fundamental terms are defined in the theoretical part of the diploma thesis, concerning and usable in the course of measures in the case of solving radiological emergency at the Temelín Nuclear power station. The analysis of legal standards and technical bibliography is also performed in this part. The External Emergency Plan of the Temelín Nuclear power station is presented in detail, and a comparison of the previous and current atomic law is drawn. Last chapter of this part is devoted to the actual documentation of the Regional Directorate of the Police of the South Bohemian Region to manage the radiological emergency at the Temelín Nuclear power station. Necessary number of legal regulations, agreements and internal acts of management concerning the current topic was used for elaboration of this thesis. Information and findings of employees from the Department of Emergency Management of the Regional Directorate of the Police of the South Bohemian Region are also included. The practical part of the diploma thesis is devoted to the concentration of all materials and previous findings of the Regional Directorate of the Police of the South Bohemian Region in the case of measures for radiological emergency at the Temelín Nuclear power station into individual chapters. Each of these chapters presents particular activities of police officers of the Regional Directorate of the Police of the South Bohemian Region during performation of tasks in connection with managing the radiological emergency at the Temelín Nuclear power station. When listing particular tasks and processes, some of activities of other subjects participating together with members of the Police of the Czech Republic in measures concerning the radiological emergency are also mentioned in this part. The result of this thesis is a focused overview and operative material for police officers of the Police of the Czech Republic, usable for making them acquainted with questions of managing the radiological emergency at the Temelín Nuclear power station. It also serves as a background for regular practices and training courses on this subject.
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