|
|
Lifestyle nurses from selected social determinants of health (in the diet, physical activity, stress managament,addictions)
MAŠKOVÁ, Nikola
Healthy lifestyle is one of the most important factors the quality of our health depends on. Lifestyle means our eating habits, exercise regimen, the way we face stress, and the amount of toxic substances, alcohol, cigarettes or drugs we voluntarily take in. The main aim of the research was to survey the lifestyle of nurses according to selected social health determinants with the focus on alimentation, sport activities, stress management and addictive drug abuse. In accordance with the research subject the following objectives were established. The first objective was to determine the nutritional intake of nurses. The second objective was to find out the frequency of addictive substances use. The third goal was to assess symptoms of depression in nurses. The fourth goal was to map the level of physical activity in nurses. Based on these goals nine hypotheses were established. H1 Nurses´ energy intake is excessive compared to the reference values set by the PRI EU. H2 Nurses lipid intake is excessive compared to the reference values set by the PRI EU. H3 Nurses´ carbohydrate intake is excessive compared to the reference values set by the PRI EU. Nurses´ fibre intake is excessive compared to the reference values set by the PRI EU. H5 Nurses comply with the advisable fluid intake according to the reference values set by the PRI EU. H6 Nurses´ alcohol consumption is moderate (0-10 units of alcohol per week). H7 Nurses are moderate smokers, smoking 1-9 cigarettes a day. H8 Nurses show depression symptoms in the depression screening carried out with the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale. H9 Physical activity of nurses is sufficient. The quantitative survey was conducted by interviewing, using the questionnaire technique. The research respondents were nurses in the Strakonice Hospital, a.s. Nutritional intake was assessed using the NUTRIDAN program and recommended doses were specified in the European Union's reference doses in the form of the PRI EU. The level of physical activity and the frequency of addictive substance use were assessed using the NUTRIFIA program. The objectives of the thesis were met, hypotheses H1, H2, H5, H6 were confirmed and hypothesis H3, H4, H7, H8 and H9 were disproved. The results will be offered to the Strakonice Hospital, a.s. in the form of educational materials for nurses in order to improve nurses´ healthy lifestyle.
|
|
|
The Life Style of People Working as Healty Life Style Advisors.
JANOŠOVÁ, Kateřina
Lifestyle belongs to the most significant factors that influence our health. Lifestyle of most people at the beginning of the 21st century is rather alarming. Healthy lifestyle counselling provides basic range of tests and examinations that determine the level of individual risk of a client. Risk analysis enables to recommend an optimum change in nutrition, alcohol consumption, smoking habits, physical activity and stress management. The thesis is divided in the theoretical and practical part. The first part introduces theoretical determination of the issue. It deals with the concept of lifestyle and questions that influence health factors. In the practical part the research results are presented. The research focused on the description of lifestyle of healthy lifestyle counsellors. I used the method of a questionnaire and I processed the obtained data statistically. The research set consisted of 153 respondents working in the field of healthy lifestyle counselling. The control group consisted of 438 employees of Public Health Protection bodies. Based on the research I have concluded that healthy lifestyle counsellors are aware of the importance to keep healthy lifestyle, however, they do not always follow the particular recommendations. Main problems are above all a lack of physical activity, insufficient consumption of fish and legumes.
|
|
|
Prevalence of Childhood Obesity and Associated Problems
SLAVÍČKOVÁ, Klára
Obesity is a major concern not only of the Czech Republic, but of all developed countries of the world. It is therefore a global pandemic, against which it is necessary to introduce effective measures. According to epidemiological studies, the countries of Central and Eastern Europe are among the states with the highest prevalence of obesity. In most European countries, the prevalence of obesity in women is higher than in men, by about 3-6%. But a big issue is childhood obesity, which predisposes individuals to obesity also in adulthood. This results in an increased risk of premature morbidity and mortality due to complications of obesity. In obese children the risk of musculoskeletal diseases and cardiovascular and respiratory systems is increased. Obesity often leads to disorders of sexual development, skin complications and changes in the psyche. According to the World Health Organization, there are about 43 million overweight or obese children in the world. The treatment of childhood obesity is not simple. It is necessary to establish a long-term strategic plan, based on the lifestyle change focused on nutrition and eating habits, physical activity and strengthening the self-confidence of the child. This diploma thesis was carried out by the quantitative research through the secondary data analysis. The research group consisted of children registered at the general practitioner for children and adolescents, Šárka Mičanová, M.D. The main goal of my thesis was to survey the prevalence of obesity and overweight in children at this selected pediatric office. Four hypotheses were stated for the research. Hypothesis No.1, children with a high BMI at the age of 5 years show the signs of obesity also at the age of 15-17-years, has not been confirmed. Hypothesis No.2, in childhood, obesity originating in alimentation prevails over obesity of endocrinological origin, has been confirmed. The hypothesis that obesity prevalence has increased in recent years has not been confirmed. The last hypothesis presuming that levels of biochemical markers in children with overweight and obesity do not differ from those of children with a normal weight has not been confirmed.
|
|
|
Lifestyle of diabetic
HYNKOVÁ, Jana
Diabetes is said to be an epidemic of 21st century. Although death rates from diabetes are decreasing, the treatment results are still not satisfactory. Today, every tenth Czech is affected by diabetes, but according to doctors, a quarter of patients do not even know about the existence of their disease.In my thesis I focus on the lifestyle of diabetics. I am mainly concerned about their diet. Another important thing was to find out if they eat regularly, and whether the portions are eaten at regular time intervals throughout the day, as the regular and balanced diet is more important in diabetic patients than in anyone else.My survey has clearly proved that stress significantly worsens the quality of life of patients with diabetes mellitus. On the other hand, there is no evidence that a healthy diet and physical activity significantly improve health condition of patients with diabetes mellitus.
|
|
|
History and present Special Olympiad in Czech Republic
TETOUROVÁ, Marie
The Bachelor thesis is focused on the history and present of the Special Olympics in the CzechRepublic. The theoretical partis focused on the separation of sportsmen with disabilities and their integration to society, history, present and the impact of physical activities on their life quality. I created a review of existing sport organizations and the top sport events at international and national levels. Another section is devoted to people with intellectual disabilities and their participation in the Special Olympics program, the Czech Special Olympics movement, its origin and character, including an overview of Special Olympics and the participation of Czech athletes with intellectual disabilities in national and international Special Olympics Games. More details are processed on the 10th Czech Summer Special Olympics in Prague, which I participated as an improver.
|
|
|
Special physiotherapeutic procedures as a part of the recovery for patients after stroke
KŘIVÁČEK, Jan
The thesis deals with {\clq}qSpecial physiotherapeutic procedures as a part of the recovery for patients after stroke.`` While in the most developed countries there was, in last 10 - 20 years, recorded a significant decline in a mortality of stroke thanks to a consistent prevention, the Czech Republic still belongs among countries with the high mortality. Nevertheless a large part of strokes is a result of an improper lifestyle in a combination with a lack of the physical activity and other factors. Just a use of an aerobic training is often a neglected part of the convalescence, although there is an obvious link of the cardiovascular performance with a function of the neuro-musculo-skeletal apparatus as well as psychological features. A goal of this bachelor thesis was to verify a relevance and effectiveness of the aerobic training as a part of physiotherapy at patients after stroke. The thesis deals, in the theoretical part, with an etiology, risk factors, a prevention and a clinic symptomatology of stroke and individual approaches to a subsequent complex rehabilitation. Then there are pointed out principles of a stress diagnosis, a reaction of the organism to the stress, changes of cardiovascular, ventilatory functions and the aerobic training.In the experimental part I used a quantitative research with methods: an interview,anamnesis, status praesens, evaluation of hemiplegia after Chedoke, a direct observation, case reports and a secondary data analysis. The research was conducted at patients after stroke hospitalized in Neurological a Rehabilitation wards of the Hospital in České Budějovice. Results of the research showed a certain trend of measured values within a meaning of the adaptability to the training programme and a positive contribution to the overall rehabilitation process. The thesis could be used as a study and information material for the general public as well as for students of medical and paramedical disciplines, last but not least as a preventive measure against stroke.
|
|
|
Kinesiotherapy of diabetes mellitus
CHALUPSKÁ, Tereza
My bachelor thesis is focused on kinesiotherapy in diabetes mellitus with focus on type 2 of the disease. Diabetes mellitus is a chronic whole-life disease leading to high morbidity, disability and mortality. A patient with high glycaemia level fluctuation and variable inadequate body mass (and further decompensation indicators) overburdens his/her organism and does not contribute to postponement of occurrence of cardiovascular, neuropathic, nephropathic, retinopathic and other problems. Adequately selected kinesiotherapy help people with diabetes mellitus compensate this disease. The theoretical part deals with diabetes mellitus in general and discusses physical activities focused on diabetes mellitus. The practical parts processes four case reports (women with diabetes mellitus type 2 diagnose) in the form of qualitative research. The first three respondents take regular exercises in groups divided according to physical and mental ability. The fourth respondent does not participate in any physical activity in the groups. Anamneses were found out through semi controlled interviews. Check-up results (dynamic examination of spine, anthropometrical examination, goniometrical examination, examination of shortened muscle groups, examination of weakened muscle groups, hypermobility examination, neurological examination, measurement of heart rate and blood pressure, determination of glucose concentration and HbA1c) were collected by direct observation. The aim of the work was to provide a theoretical outline of kinesiotherapy possibilities in diabetics, to map the forms of physical activities among diabetics and to evaluate efficiency of the individual physical activities of diabetics. Personal interest and active approach to physical activity regime are the main preconditions to successful kinesiotherapy in individuals suffering from diabetes mellitus. In the instance of individual and purely personal goal a suitable form of physical activities can be found for diabetics and thus contribute to compensation of the disease.
|
|
|
The obesity issue in primary school children in Most
JANOŠOVÁ, Kateřina
Obesity in children has become a serious problem not only in our country but in all developed countries all over the world. The Czech Republic has ranked among the leading countries in Europe in prevalence of obesity. In an obese child the risk of later chronic diseases is increased, there is a greater probability of heart diseases, joint diseases and mental problems. An effective treatment and prevention of child obesity presupposes a complex attitude. For the bachelor thesis a quantitative research was applied by means of a questionnaire. The research file was made up by pupils of the first grade of three primary schools in Most aged 6-11 years. The main goal of the paper was to find out prevalence of obesity in school children at chosen primary schools in Most. By means of the research I came to the conclusion that 9,4% of children are overweight, 7,8% are obese. Further I have set three hypotheses. In boys of 6-10 years of age excessive weight appears more frequently than in girls, which was confirmed. Insufficient physical activity influences occurrence of obesity in younger school children. This hypothesis was also confirmed. Overweight children do not have a regular sport activity. This hypothesis was not confirmed. This bachelor thesis should be used as an information material for parents and teachers.
|
|
|
The Biofeedback Techniques and its Usage at Women between the Age of 25 - 35
SOUČKOVÁ, Petra
The aim of this bachelor thesis is to inform about the possibilities and the use of biofeedback techniques and to classify its measuring instruments. This definition draws particular attention to practical use in everyday life and the final part of this thesis I deal with this issue both in relation to Health education. By questionnaire on a sample of 100 females were shown little awareness of biofeedback technique in women aged 20-35 years. It has also been shown to influence feedback on resting respiratory rate of ten probands measured high-quality device of Schuhfried Biofeedback x-pert 2000, was particularly significant difference in auditory feedback. Comparing the measurement results of the research sample of women with men aged 20 - 35 years, men have achieved better results.
|
|
|
Comparison of circadian typology and circadian rhythms of female pubescents - sportsmen and nonsportsmen
FIŠEROVÁ, Monika
Circadian rhythm is biorhythm. This rhythm influences activity of some organs and releasing of hormones. Effective alternation of activity and resting in organism is influenced too. Highest body temperature of human body is physiologically in evenings, in association with activity. Preference of evening typology in sportsmen can have negative impact for shortening of sleeping time and forming of sleep deprivation. This condition may cause quicker incidence of civilizing disease and diseases occurred in elderly, including psychological problems. There are compared two groups of girls in pubescent age, from 9 to 15 years old - sportsmen and nonsportsmen in this thesis. The main aim is to find out, if the sportsmen group is more evening typology. "Questionnaire of life rhythms and sleeping habits 9 - 15 years" (KREJČÍ, HARADA, 2010) was used in this study. There were collected 35 questionnaires from both groups. Evaluation was done by arithmetic mean and statistical tests were figured at University of Kochi by dr. Takeuchi, Japan. Girls of both groups don't show significant difference in morning or evening typology, but GS insignificantly show inclination for morning typology. GS eats regularly and has regular breakfasts. Girls of GS insignificantly showed worse results in mental health, than control group (KS). But better sleep quality showed GS. BMI was lower in GS. My prediction, that GS is tent to evening typology was not validated. Morning life style of the people with morning typology is more contributive for health. Duration of sleep of the girls of both groups is not sufficient in this age. Girls of GS sleep shorter time than KS. Program of intervention aimed to improve sleeping hygiene would be profitable for GS.
|
guest ::
