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Individual differences in maternal behavior (maternal style) of mammals
Leszkowová, Iva ; Špinka, Marek (advisor) ; Polák, Jakub (referee)
The expression "maternal style" in the wider sense serves to describe the interspecies interindividual and intraindividual, variability in the maternal care. In the narrow sense it is used only to designate permanent variability in the maternal behaviour among different mothers of the same species. The concept of the maternal style is based on a well-documented fact, that individual parts of maternal behaviour correlate with one another and this mutual bond enables to describe the varied repertoire of the mothers' behaviour by a few dimensions, such as e.g. protectiveness, restrictive, rejection and laissez-faire. Maternal style of primates was described in a wide range (e.g. Berman, 1990; Fairbanks, 1996). Up to today the existence of maternal style has been confirmed also with some rodents (guinea-pig: Albers, 1999; mouse: Benus a Rondigs, 1996), domestic animals (pig: e.g. Špinka et al., 2000; sheep: Dwyer a Lawrence, 2010; goat: O'Brien, 1984) and predators (dog: Wilsson, 1984). KEYWORDS : Maternal style, Maternal behavior, Individual differences, Parent-offspring conflict, Protectiveness, Rejection
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Active parental influence on mate choice
Šípková, Kristýna ; Štěrbová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Frynta, Daniel (referee)
The uniqueness of human mate choice is in the fact, that there is not just the individual present but also are its parents or other relatives. Some could call it a group mate choice. The impact parents can have on their offspring mate choice can be either passive (such as inheriting preferences ) or active ( preventing contact etc.). The main thought of this thesis is to critically evaluate works which were previously done on the topic of parental active impact on their offspring mate choice related to sex and culture. However the preferences of parents and their offsprings in mate choice are not very commonly in harmony, which can lead to various conflicts. These conflicts are trying to be avoided by both sides, with manipulative techniques, such as allowing/forbiding acces to information. The possible intensity of the impact parents can have in their offspring mate choice is given by the type of society and culture setting they occure at. In industrial societies the impact is more likely to be indirect, on the other hand in nonindustrial societies direct control of mate choice is still in practice. At last but not least this thesis is putting focus on the question why are parents even interested in their offspring's mate choice.
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Individual differences in maternal behavior (maternal style) of mammals
Leszkowová, Iva ; Špinka, Marek (advisor) ; Polák, Jakub (referee)
The expression "maternal style" in the wider sense serves to describe the interspecies interindividual and intraindividual, variability in the maternal care. In the narrow sense it is used only to designate permanent variability in the maternal behaviour among different mothers of the same species. The concept of the maternal style is based on a well-documented fact, that individual parts of maternal behaviour correlate with one another and this mutual bond enables to describe the varied repertoire of the mothers' behaviour by a few dimensions, such as e.g. protectiveness, restrictive, rejection and laissez-faire. Maternal style of primates was described in a wide range (e.g. Berman, 1990; Fairbanks, 1996). Up to today the existence of maternal style has been confirmed also with some rodents (guinea-pig: Albers, 1999; mouse: Benus a Rondigs, 1996), domestic animals (pig: e.g. Špinka et al., 2000; sheep: Dwyer a Lawrence, 2010; goat: O'Brien, 1984) and predators (dog: Wilsson, 1984). KEYWORDS : Maternal style, Maternal behavior, Individual differences, Parent-offspring conflict, Protectiveness, Rejection
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