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Technologies using organic materials
Galbička, Tomáš ; Chmela, Ondřej (referee) ; Hubálek, Jaromír (advisor)
There are sumarized some of the basic organic materials for produce of organic parts. Two types of theese materials are introduced PPV and PFV and their derivatives, which tuning their resulting properties in area of electrical, optical, chemical, and thermal parameters. There is designed and created system for mechanical bending of adhesive SMD devies on flexible printed circuit board and compared properties of some conducting adhesives.
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Hodnocení vybraných znaků perspektivních odrůd broskvoní
Horsáková, Jana
Dissertation work deals with the evaluation of the selected characters of promising peach varieties grown in the genepool collection and pilot testing block. The evaluation took place between year 2011 to 2013. The work can be divided into three thematical units. The first part deals with the health condition, specifically monitoring of the occurrence of European stone fruit yellows phytoplasma (ESFY) and the plum pox virus (PPV). The second part focuses on the physiological events occurring in flower buds (dormancy, microsporogenesis, frost resistance) and the third unit deals with pomological characteristics of varieties and the economic evaluation of varieties which are already introduced in the commercial cultivation. In the literature section the origin and the spread, world production of peaches and the current situation in the Czech Republic are descibed and a chapter about peach breeding is included as well. Further, chapters characterizing dormancy, microsporogenesis and frost hardiness are described in the work. Literature section also includes content substances and health-promoting substances in peach fruit. The last chapter describes the diseases causing economically significant losses in peaches. In the experimental part the incidence and symptoms of phytoplasma ESFY and synergism between PPV and ESFY was evaluated. The effect of the PPV infection on content of the total polyphenols and the antioxidant activity of fruits was investigated. Further, the termination of dormancy, microsporogenesis and frost resistance of flower buds was evaluated. Significant part of work was the pomological evaluation of selected varieties from genepool collection and evaluation of varieties in pilot testing block conditions. The results show that in peach orchards trees infected by phytoplasma ESFY show various symptoms of the disease which depend on host genotype. Synergism between Plum pox virus (PPV) and European stone fruit yellows phytoplasma (ESFY) has not been confirmed. PPV infection results in increased amount of the antioxidant activity and total polyphenols in peach fruits.Varieties can be divided into 3 groups by the term of termination of endogenous dormancy, paticulary, varieties with early termination, varieties with medium termination and varieties with late termination of dormancy. Evaluated varieties differ, either, in duration and date of occurence of phases of microsporogenesis. The process of dormancy and microsporogenesis of individual varieties is different and is influenced by the weather conditions of the year. There are differences in frost resistance between peach varieties. The highest degree of frost hardiness was set by the 'Lesiberian'. Studied peach varieties show differences in pomological, biological and economic characters. From the evaluated group of varieties the promising are 'Venus', 'Fantasia', 'Fidelia', 'Neve' and 'W 14', where the highest assessment had the variety 'Venus'. Based on evaluation of peach varieties grown in commercial orchards the best variety was 'Symphonie', which achieved consistently high yields and is characterized by good health. 'Fidelia' and 'Orion' were chosen as a mediumly suitable varieties for commercial orchards.
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Hodnocení vzájemného synergismu fytoplazmy ESFY a viru šarky švestky (PPV) u meruněk a broskvoní
Vašková, Barbora
The synergism of Candidatus phytoplasmy prunorum and Plum Pox viru was investigated in this study. Both diseases are globally widespread and extremely dangerous. The only existing protection is prevention. European Stone Fruit Yellows is caused by Candidathus Phytoplasma Prunorum. Candidathus Phytoplasma Prunorum is microorganism without a cell wall that belongs to group Tenericutes and class Mollicutes. Sharka disease is caused by Plum Pox virus. Plum Pox virus is microorganism that belongs to group Potyviridae class Potyvirus. In 2014 a long-term experiment was founded by Mendel University in MENDELEUM in Lednice. Possible synergic effect between European Stone Fruit Yellows and Sharka disease was researched in this experiment. The experiment is based on observation of plants with double inoculation (PPV and ESFY). Symptoms were observed every two weeks and put in to a table. As it is a long-term experiment only partial results were reached
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Sharka (Plum pox virus) of stone fruits
JAKUBÍKOVÁ, Hedvika
Plum pox virus causes one of the most devastating stone fruit diseases. The main target of this thesis is a detection of Plum pox virus in infected leaf tissue of Prunus domestica.. The presence of the virus in a plant material was confirmed by the RNA isolation and its use as a template for RT-PCR. Furthermore, the basic information about properties of the virus, common methods of the virus detection and protection possibilities against the virus is are included.
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Hodnocení vzájemného synergismu u fytoplazmy ESFY a viru šarky švestky (PPV) u vybraných peckovin
Vašková, Barbora
The present work deals with problems of synergic effect which may arise between phytoplasma ESFY and potyvirus PPV. Both diseases are globally widespread and extremely dangerous. When infected the plants show infection signs followed by dying. In this paper we deal with the effects of these diseases on apricot a peach trees. Major part of the apricot tree poplulation in the Czech Republic are overmature, and thus inclined to developing uncontrolled infections.
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Technologies using organic materials
Galbička, Tomáš ; Chmela, Ondřej (referee) ; Hubálek, Jaromír (advisor)
There are sumarized some of the basic organic materials for produce of organic parts. Two types of theese materials are introduced PPV and PFV and their derivatives, which tuning their resulting properties in area of electrical, optical, chemical, and thermal parameters. There is designed and created system for mechanical bending of adhesive SMD devies on flexible printed circuit board and compared properties of some conducting adhesives.
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Methodology for the phenotyping resistance to Plum pox virus in peach
Salava, Jaroslav ; Polák, Jaroslav
Sharka disease, which is caused by the Plum pox virus (PPV), is the most economically important virus disease in fruit trees worldwide. Since it is not possible to completely eradicate PPV in the Czech Republic, it is necessary to find another way to control this pathogen. The most promising seems to be the breeding of new cultivars for resistance. This methodology provides a comprehensive protocol for testing PPV resistance in peach. It is based on visual assessment of disease symptoms on leaves and fruits, and determining the presence of the virus in plants using ELISA and RT-PCR techniques.
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