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Aktivita přežvykování dojnic ve vztahu k jejich vybraným fyziologickým funkcím
RŮŽKOVÁ, Michaela
One of the most important livestock production sectors in the Czech Republic is the cattle breeding, which has always been one of the most demanding fields in the history of breeding, and its results are, to some extent, decisive for the economic success of agricultural products. Cattle are bred primarily for milk, meat and semen. The aim of this bachelor thesis was to obtain basic data and to formulate findings about dairy cows' ruminating activity in relation to their health condition, milk yield and reproduction. Regular monitoring of the rumination of dairy cows can greatly improve the state of these individual physiological functions, and this leads to maintaining and improving herd productivity. The work was carried out in the Agricultural Business Cooperative Mrákov, at the farm in Tlumačov. At present, the company manages approximately 2 470 ha of agricultural land. The cooperative mainly focuses on cattle production and breeds approximately 900 dairy cows of the Holstein breed, of which there are about 250 cows in the stables in Tlumačov. A total of nine Holstein dairy cows were included in the observation and they were divided into three groups according to observation of their ruminating activity. Group 1 was monitored for changes in rumination in relation to health status. In the second group of dairy cows, rumination was observed in connection to reproduction. In the third group, there were dairy cows in which rumination in relation to milk yield was studied. The actual observation took place between 27 January 2018 and 17 March 2018. The SCR Heatime ? PRO device was used to monitor the rumination. Thanks to the SCR collars containing an accurate sensor, the health status, reproduction and dairy yield of selected dairy cows could be evaluated. Since the SCR system evaluates, for more accurate results, not only the rumination activity but also the movement activity, the cows' movement is also monitored, as a secondary factor, in the practical part of this work. According to the evaluation of the activities and the subsequent evaluation of the dairy's health status, reproduction and dairy performance, it was found that the SCR system recorded all drops and increases in activity and gave a timely report of the dairy status, thereby verifying its functionality and its possible use in the observation of rumination and movement activity. The results revealed that all dairy cows in the first group, where the state of health was observed, contracted mammary gland inflammation (mastitis) and were subsequently treated with antibiotics. In the second group, in which reproduction was monitored, it was found that the cows number 30 and 76 had a regular estrous cycle, and the cow number 190 had an irregular cycle, but all of them were inseminated. Lastly, in the third group, where dairy cows were observed in relation to their milk yield, it was found that each of the selected dairy cows had a problem with its health status after calving, which had an effect on its milk yield.
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