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The level of self-care patients after leg amputation
HONZÁRKOVÁ, Klára
This thesis deals with the issue of patients after the amputation of the lower limb. Loss of the lower limb means a great change for the patient, not only in understanding the integrity of one's own body, one's own health, but also from a functional point of view. The theoretical part of the thesis presents the latest available knowledge about lower limb amputation and postoperative care for patients with this diagnosis. It also deals with self-care, based on Dorotheus Orem's theory of self-care deficit. The aim of the work was to determine the level of self-care of patients after amputation of the lower limb using some aspects of D. E. Orem's model. To find out in what systems D.E. Orem's nurses support patients after the amputation of the lower limb in self-care and how to help nurses care for these patients. The research part of the thesis was realized through a qualitative research survey. The technique of data collection was a semi-structured interview with patients with amputation of the lower limb and nurses who provide nursing care for such ill persons. The theoretical basis for the interview was the DE Oremové model, which was complemented by the ADL (Activity Daily Living), IADL (Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale) and the analogue range of pain in the group of respondents - patients. The data obtained were processed in the form of transcripts of the interviews, which are supplemented by evaluation of individual scales. The output of the diploma thesis is a set of recommended measures and a proposal of a comprehensive information material on the amputation of the lower limb for patients, which the nurses should be available to their departments.
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The application of the Orem´s model in the care of senior citizens in the Centre of Social Services Staroměstská.
SOUKUPOVÁ, Hana
The objective of this thesis is to teach nurses, who work in this institution, to understand the Orem?s model so that they knew how to prepare individual nursing plans according to it. So far, these anamneses of senior citizens have been prepared according to the Gordon?s model. Since Orem dealt with self-care deficits, which are found in senior citizens most frequently, it was worth considering testing the model in everyday practice. Three objectives were set, in which I tried to find the fitness of the Orem?s model for the care of senior citizens in terms of finding out about their independence and nursing care, to find out whether this model is more appropriate for the nursing care of senior citizens than the current Gordon?s model and to find out how nurses work with the new model. Four research questions were formulated based on these set objectives and they were answered. The Orem?s model is suitable for the determination of self-reliance of senior citizens. The applied Orem?s model is more suitable for the nursing care of senior citizens than the current Gordon?s model. Nurses and the senior citizens from the Centre of Social Services Staroměstská find the Orem?s model more suitable. In conclusion, all the set objectives have been met. The research group consisted of 8 respondents. Of these, nurses were one half and senior citizens from the Centre of Social Services Staroměstská were the other. All their responses were recorded using a dictaphone. For this thesis, the qualitative method and data collection were employed through processing of individual anamneses using the Orem?s and Gordon?s models. Observation sheets were used when filling these anamneses, both for the nurses and the senior citizens. The observation of the nurses was direct, non-participating and hidden and the observation of the senior citizens was direct, participating and ostensible. Moreover, data collection was carried out in the nurses using standardized interviews and using standardized interviews with the senior citizens too.
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