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Opportunistic parasites in alcoholics
KŘIVÁNKOVÁ, Gabriela
The target of this study was proving the occurrence of opportunistic parasites in alcoholics. The examined material was stool. In total 28 samples were examined. 4 samples from the patients of Psychiatric Hospital in Červený Dvůr, 5 samples were from the patients hospilatized at the psychiatric ward of the Central Military Hospital, 3 samples were provided by the patients of the Psychiatric Hospital in Havlíčkův Brod and 16 samples were from the patients in terrain, comming to the therapy to outpatient´s ward. For the microscopic examination of stool the following methods were applied: M.I.F.C concentration method for providing the development stages of protozoans, coloring method of Miláček-Vítovec, serving for the diagnostic of crypto-sporidia oocysts in stool and Calcofluor, which is aimed at the detection of microsporidia. Molecular diagnostic was based on PCR and product restriction. PCR method has shown the presence of microsporidia in case of 1 patient of 28. Following sequenation and phylo-genetic analysis diagnosed Encephalitozoon cuniculi. Encephalitozoon cuniculi was detected in case of one patient from terrain. Occurence of microsporidia in alcoholics amounts 4%.
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Opportunistic parasites in patients of geriatric facilities
ČERNÁ, Lenka
The main aim of this work has been the screening of opportunistic intestinal parasites in old people. The older persons may be vulnerable by opportunistic parasites due to the aging of the immune system. Stool samples were collected from patients of different age and sex in a geriatric facility and from the elderly who live in their homes. Light and fluorescent microscopy and molecular diagnostics (PCR) were used as the diagnostic methods. A sedimentation concentration method (M.I.F.C.) was used for the detection of protists, cysts and helmint eggs or larvae and the staining method Miláček et. Vítovec for the detection of cryptosporidia. Staining with calcofuor served for the detection of microsporidial spores. PCR was used for identification of microsporidia species in the stool samples. Only mammalian microsporidia Encephalitozoon cuniculi and Enterocytozoon bienusi were detected in the stool samples. Prevalence of microsporidia in patients of a geriatric facility was 8,3 % and in the second group 18 %. Most positive samples (33%) were in the age category 47 {--} 60 years.
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Opportunistic parasites of the patients with transplants and other immunosupressed individuals
ZAJÍČKOVÁ, Petra
The main objective of this study was to establish the rate of occurrence of opportunistic parasites in patients with bone-marrow transplants. As a result of reduced immunity due to immunosuppresive therapy, these patients are more susceptible to multiple infections, in particular to infections caused by opportunistic parasites. The parasites were detected using MIFC sedimentation, staining according to Miláček-Vítovec and Calcofluor staining. These methods were used to investigate a total of 100 samples, of which 4 were positive for the presence of microporidia. The presence of microsporidia in the four samples was confirmed with polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Occurrence of other opportunistic parasites was not confirmed. Microsporidia were found in 7,4% of patients with bone-marrow transplants. This fact was rather surprising as the increasing number of patients with suppressed immunity is associated with increased occurrence of these opportunistic parasites as well. The results of this research might be used not only as educational material for the undergraduates of the Faculty of Health and Social studies, but also for the public concerned with this issue.
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