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Mechanical alloying and compactization of metallic composite powders
Husák, Roman ; Čelko, Ladislav (referee) ; Hadraba, Hynek (advisor)
Master´s thesis is focus on the proces of mechanical alloying. It is the proces of modifying a hetegeneous mixture of powder materials into a homogeneous composite powder. Experiments are focus on three types of composite materials. A magnetic soft alloy Permalloy, ODS steel based on commercially available powder steel 434 LHC and low-activation high-chrome ODS steel 14Cr-2W. On composite powders are made a series of mechanical tests and chemicel analysis. Based on this tests and analysis it was possible to confirm the milling time needed to create fully homogeneous composite powder. Next step is compaction of composite powder into compact volume and another mechanical tests ana analysis of microstructure. In these analyzes to determine whether i tis necessary to use protective atmosphere during mechanical alloying. All three type of materials succesfull prepared by mechanical alloying. It was found that for created of a fully homogeneous composite powder is necessary to perform mechanical alloying for 24 hours. When processing of corrosion resistant materials, i tis possible to perform mechanical alloying in an air atmosphere. During mechanical alloying materials which are subject to oxidation, i tis necessary to use protective atmosphere.
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Advanced Composite Structural Steels for Applications in Heavy Liquid Metals
Husák, Roman ; Haušild, Petr (referee) ; Vilémová,, Monika (referee) ; Hadraba, Hynek (advisor)
Doctoral thesis was focused on preparing of new advanced ODS steels for use in heavy metal liquids enviroments. Possibility of new course for creating oxide dispersion in microstructure was verified by the course of internal oxidation of elements. By the internal oxidation method were prepared new ODS steels strengthened by complex oxides which were created by elements of IIIB and IVB group of elements. Based on analysis of damage ODS steels in LBE were designed surface protection of ODS steel by the oxide layer. The ODS steel protected by oxide layer was subjected to a corrosion test in LBE. For the experiments were chosen class of chromium steels: ferritic-martensitic steel 9Cr1WMnVTa and ferritic steels 14CrWTi and 17Cr1Mo. Steels without oxide dispersion and steel strenghtened by the dispersion based on Y-Ti-O oxides were prepared. On the steels were made series of mechanic tests which should reveal the effectivity of oxide dispersion on the strenght of steel prepared by the internal oxidation method and by the direct addition of oxide elements. It was found that significantly harder oxide material couldn't be fully disrupted through the mechanical alloying and fine oxide dispersion couldn't be created. There was verified fine oxide dispersion could be created by the internal oxidation method and by the direct adding of oxide elements. Same kind of steels strenghtened by new kind of complex oxides based on Y, Ce, Hf, La, Sc and Zr were prepared. The chemical analyses have proven that all added elements could created complex oxide by the reaction with yttrium. The computational analyses for observing of matrix influence and oxide phase influence on strenghtening of steels were performed. These computational analyses were based on microstructural analyses of ODS steels. There was found that the oxide particles could very effectively improve strenght of steels at room temperature and especialy at high temperature. Based on corrosion tests of 14Cr ODS steel in liquid Pb and LBE enviroment were designed surface protection of ODS steel. The effectiveness of protective layer was verified by the high temperature corrosion test of PM2000 in LBE. No damage of oxide layer was observed although Pb and Bi diffused through protective layer.
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Advanced Composite Structural Steels for Applications in Heavy Liquid Metals
Husák, Roman ; Haušild, Petr (referee) ; Vilémová,, Monika (referee) ; Hadraba, Hynek (advisor)
Doctoral thesis was focused on preparing of new advanced ODS steels for use in heavy metal liquids enviroments. Possibility of new course for creating oxide dispersion in microstructure was verified by the course of internal oxidation of elements. By the internal oxidation method were prepared new ODS steels strengthened by complex oxides which were created by elements of IIIB and IVB group of elements. Based on analysis of damage ODS steels in LBE were designed surface protection of ODS steel by the oxide layer. The ODS steel protected by oxide layer was subjected to a corrosion test in LBE. For the experiments were chosen class of chromium steels: ferritic-martensitic steel 9Cr1WMnVTa and ferritic steels 14CrWTi and 17Cr1Mo. Steels without oxide dispersion and steel strenghtened by the dispersion based on Y-Ti-O oxides were prepared. On the steels were made series of mechanic tests which should reveal the effectivity of oxide dispersion on the strenght of steel prepared by the internal oxidation method and by the direct addition of oxide elements. It was found that significantly harder oxide material couldn't be fully disrupted through the mechanical alloying and fine oxide dispersion couldn't be created. There was verified fine oxide dispersion could be created by the internal oxidation method and by the direct adding of oxide elements. Same kind of steels strenghtened by new kind of complex oxides based on Y, Ce, Hf, La, Sc and Zr were prepared. The chemical analyses have proven that all added elements could created complex oxide by the reaction with yttrium. The computational analyses for observing of matrix influence and oxide phase influence on strenghtening of steels were performed. These computational analyses were based on microstructural analyses of ODS steels. There was found that the oxide particles could very effectively improve strenght of steels at room temperature and especialy at high temperature. Based on corrosion tests of 14Cr ODS steel in liquid Pb and LBE enviroment were designed surface protection of ODS steel. The effectiveness of protective layer was verified by the high temperature corrosion test of PM2000 in LBE. No damage of oxide layer was observed although Pb and Bi diffused through protective layer.
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Mechanical alloying and compactization of metallic composite powders
Husák, Roman ; Čelko, Ladislav (referee) ; Hadraba, Hynek (advisor)
Master´s thesis is focus on the proces of mechanical alloying. It is the proces of modifying a hetegeneous mixture of powder materials into a homogeneous composite powder. Experiments are focus on three types of composite materials. A magnetic soft alloy Permalloy, ODS steel based on commercially available powder steel 434 LHC and low-activation high-chrome ODS steel 14Cr-2W. On composite powders are made a series of mechanical tests and chemicel analysis. Based on this tests and analysis it was possible to confirm the milling time needed to create fully homogeneous composite powder. Next step is compaction of composite powder into compact volume and another mechanical tests ana analysis of microstructure. In these analyzes to determine whether i tis necessary to use protective atmosphere during mechanical alloying. All three type of materials succesfull prepared by mechanical alloying. It was found that for created of a fully homogeneous composite powder is necessary to perform mechanical alloying for 24 hours. When processing of corrosion resistant materials, i tis possible to perform mechanical alloying in an air atmosphere. During mechanical alloying materials which are subject to oxidation, i tis necessary to use protective atmosphere.
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